同位语从句

Unit5GrammarNounClausesastheappositive1.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.　2.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.3.WordcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.4.Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.观察下列句子划红线的部分。上面句子划红线的部分在句中作名词的同位语从句，对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。你能找出它们所解释的名词吗？1.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.　2.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.3.WordcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.4.Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.ThenewsideaWordthequestion同位语从句1.概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释、说明名词的具体内容。3.用法:常跟的抽象名词有:fact/idea/reason/thought/order/doubt/news/hope/truth/belief/theory/decision/discovery/problem/evidence/opinion…4.连词that/whether/who/which/what/when/where/why/how1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight.Thefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.3.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.4.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.Thereisnoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible.ThesuggestionthatChinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.同位语从句与定语从句区别1.从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad.据说他已经出国了。Ourteamhaswonthegame,whichmadeusveryhappy.我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。(同位语从句)(定语从句)2.从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如:Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameistrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语)3.从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别有些引导词如how,whether,what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。如:Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered.我们是否需要它这个问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 还没有考虑。(同位语从句)引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替)，并且作宾语时常常省略，that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成分，并且不能省略，也不能用which来代替。如:Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释that虽不作成分,但不能省略)Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略)Thenewsthatwehadsuccessfullysentupanothercommunicationsatellitespreadthroughouttheworld.2.That’sthebestpieceofnewsI’veheard.3.I’venohopethatmyparentshavebeenexpectingtome.判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。定语从句定语从句同位语从句4.Isthereanyhopethathewillbehomeat7:30?5.Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.6.Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.7.ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.AwhileBthatCwhenDas2.Thenews____hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when3.Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.A.whichB.thatC./D.it4.Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.A.whenB.thatC.whatD./5.I'vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage____themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which6.Thethought____hemightfailintheexamworriedhim.A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that7.Theorder____theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate.A.whichB.whetherC.thatD.what8.Heoftenaskedmethequestion____theworkwasworthdoing.A.whetherB.whereC.thatD.when9.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat____wasthoughtadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that10.Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient'sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.A.thatB.asC.ofwhichD.which11.Thequestionoccurredtome____thebookwasworthreading.A.whatB.whetherC.whichD.ifThereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars___roadconditionsneed____.(2003上海）A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving2.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.(2004上海春)A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether3.Astorygoes____ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.(2004上海）A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that4.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_____acureforAIDSwillbefound.(2005广东)A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether5.Thereismuchchance_____Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.（2006天津）A.thatB.whichC.untilD.ifWewereexcitedatthenews.Ourfootballteamhadwonathirdmatch.Theyhavemadeanewplan.Anotherexperimentbuildingwillbeputupbesidethelibrary.合并成一句Wewereexcitedatthenewsthatourfootballteamhadwonathirdmatch.Theyhavemadeanewplanthatanotherexperimentbuildingwillbeputupbesidethelibrary.3.Theyhadthequestion.Couldhepassthefinalexam?4.Whodidthedamagedcomputerbelongto?Noonehadanyidea.Theyhadthequestionwhetherhecouldpassthefinalexam.Noonehadanyideawhothedamagedcomputerbelongedto.5.Theproblemhasbeensolved.Whyweresomanyareasfloodedduringtheheavystorm?Theproblemwhysomanyareaswerefloodedduringtheheavystormhasbeensolved.1.Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.2.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.3.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheoldmancouldn’tseeanything.4.ThefactthatPollydidn’taskfortheman’snameisapity.AppositiveClauseSubjectClauseObjectClausePredicativeClauseFindclausesfromthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionsofthem.HomeworkFinishtheexercisesonpages36&37.