考研阅读历年真
题
快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题
长难句荟萃
1. The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented
economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in
the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the
desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that
together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to
increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more
consumers to buy the product.
4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of
productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to
make a free contract with another private individual.
5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most
efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify
preferred customers for promotional campaigns.
6. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric
utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of
computers.
7. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these
children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.
8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades
indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve
the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a
firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.
10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no
regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.
11. If its message were confined merely to information and that in itself would be difficult if not
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impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly
persuasive-advertising wound be so boring that no one wound pay any attention.
12. The workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a
new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for there efforts.
13. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended
family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that
information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.
14. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that
one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time--consuming, and
sometimes even overwhelming.
15. Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be
settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site.
16. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock
produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type
fellows.
17. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience,
and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be
displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
18. The Corporation will survive as a publicly funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time
being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation wide debate in Britain.
19. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the
BBC--including ordinary listeners and viewer to say what was good or bad about the Corporation,
and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.
20. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large profess signal
element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms
in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.
21. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and
importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth
detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the
responsible management of business.
22. Towns like Bournemouth and East bourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who
had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of
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drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the
management.
23. The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen
employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and
labor was not good.
24. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their
demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the
employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing
away.
25. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a
labor force that welcomed the new technology； the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and
above all the American genius for nonverbal, "spatial" thinking about things technological.
26. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, "A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced
to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The
designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do
not exist".
27. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel,
etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in
which a new arrangement transmits a new idea".
28. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He
describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent
of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.
29. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: "This book stands for reason itself."
And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
30. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern
Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill
patients who wish to die.
31. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the
Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is
unlikely to turn back.
32. In Australia- where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community
attitudes have all played their part other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with
euthanasia.
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33. There are, of course, exceptions. Small--minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxi
drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves
comment.
34. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an
aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for
the nerves.
35. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance
required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant with drawal
symptoms when the substance is discontinued.
36. "Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?" Senator Robert Dole asked Time
Warner executives last week. "You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten
our children as well?"
37. "The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column', "lies not in how well
it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest
possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be..."
38. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted
that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York,
who uses rap to communicate with students.
39. Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft
landing" of "a touch on the brakes" ， makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further
from the truth.
40. Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United
States, since, conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America's, have little
productive slack.
41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that
powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based
upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
42. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that
floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely
generates electricity.
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43. New ways of organizing the workplace--all that re-engineering and downsizing--are only one
contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as
joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and
training,
44. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a
mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.
45. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "The Flight from Science
and Reason" , held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of (Mis) information, which
assembled last June near Buffalo.
46. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other
groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox
virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
47. The 'true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University, a pioneer of
environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion
of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
48. This development--and its strong implication for US politics and economy in years ahead--has
enthroned the South as America's most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the
nation's head counting.
49. Often they choose--and still are choosing--somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and
Alaska in order to escape smog crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.
50. As a result, California's growth rate dropped during the 1970's, to 18.5 percent--little more than
two thirds the 1960's growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.
51. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great
drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of
a plate.
52. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the
motion of the plates with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the
earth's interior.
53. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
54. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary--the dangers of drug interactions, for
example--and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect
the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.
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55. At the same time, the American Law Institute--a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose
recommendations carry substantial weight--issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies
need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.
56. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push"
information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers.
57. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon.com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling
the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online
customers.
58. An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students'
career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical
education reform.
59. Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he
cannot competently access how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself.
60. Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as
large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international
corporations.
61.But,for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed
skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not.
62. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans,
he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment-although no one had proposed to do
so--and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to
report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human
cloning.
63. In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that
the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be "morally unacceptable to attempt to create a
human child by adult nuclear cloning".
64. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos (the earliest
stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo's life, NBAC
will remain silent on embryo research.
65. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the
science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce
results measurable in dollars and cents.
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66. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are
going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the
cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.
67. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing
of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the "odd
balls" among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who "work well with the team."
68. The grand mediocrity of today--everyone being the same in survival and number of
off-spring--means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India
compared to the tribe.
69. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates
are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible
that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
70. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry
may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right--it can hardly be classed as
Literature.
71. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight
between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river--and then
to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, "Pluff! Pluff!" A
hundred and eighty-five kilograms."
72. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male- domiated job
market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal
sacrifices involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.
73. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that
liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the
"Japanese morality of respect for parents".
74. With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan's 119 million citizens live
in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated,
tow-generation households.
75. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be
highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them.
76. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer
homes, European travel, BMWs--the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such
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items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.
77. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample
supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical
books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy
in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.
78. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science: exceptions can
be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a connotation that person
concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not share its
values.
79. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical
or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United
kingdom.
80. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply
an increasing emphasis on the primacy of res
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