高中英语定语从句复习归纳课件

定语从句知识结构☆基本概念☆定语：用于修饰、限制名词、代词或先当于名词的短语或句子的成分。在中文中,定语一般放在所修饰的名词或代词之前；而在英文中则不同：单纯的形容词、分词作定语时，放在所修饰词之前；副词、分词短语和从句作定语时，要放在所修饰词之后。例如：那个子高大聪明清秀的男孩是李小明的弟弟。ThattallbrightsmartboyisLiMing'sbrother.孩子们读喜欢读有图片的 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf Childrenallliketoreadthebookswhichhavepicture.你能回答下面的问题吗？Canyouanswerthesequestionsbellow?一个看到样姿同势的人认为它的意思是钱。Apersonseeingthesamegesturewillthinkitmeansmoney.以为来访的朋友一脸上被吻一下作为问好。Avisitingfriendisgreetedwithakissonthecheek.定语从句是用于修饰名词或代词的从句☆定语从句A限制性定语从句B非限制性定语从句定语从句=｛先行词+关系词+从句｝☆关系词：A关系代词who,whom,whose,that,whichB关系副词when,where,why=（介词+关系代词）☆限制性定语从句是修饰、限制先行词的从句。☆非限制性定语从句是对先行词、句子的部分或整个句子起修饰、限制或补充说明的，从句和主句用逗号的开。☆在限制性定语从句作宾语的关系代词可以省略，但非限制新定语从句则不能省。例如：Allthebooksthathavepictureshavebeensenttothem.Allthebooks,whichhavepictures,havebeensenttothem.Hehasabrotherwhoisadoctor.Hehasabrother,whoisadoctor.Theman(whom)youmetyesterdayisMr.SmithChildrenliketoreadbookswhichhavewonderfulpictures关系代词的用法★Who指人，在定语从句中作主语。Theboywhoisstandingthereismycousin.★whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语（可省）。Theman(whom)youmetyesterdayisMr.SmithTheboy(whom)you’relookingforishiddenbehindthetree.★Whose(=ofwhom+the+nthe+nwhom;ofwhich+n,the+n+ofwhich)指人或指物，作定语。Doyouknowtheboywhosefather(thefatherofwhom/ofwhomthefather)isanengineer.Helivesinahousewhosewindows(thewindowofwhich/ofwhichthewindow)facessouth.★that指人或指物，作主语、宾语（可省）Idon’tknowabouttheman(that)youmentioned.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.★which指物，作主语、宾语（可省）Thepen(which)myunclegavemeismissing.Childrenliketoreadbookswhichhavewonderfulpictures关系副词的用法☆when(=in/on/at+which)修饰 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示时间的名词，在定从句中作状语。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)IjoinedtheParty.☆where(=in/on/at+which)修饰表示地点的名词，在定从句中作状语。Thefactorywhere(inwhich)myfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.☆why(=for+which)修饰表示原因(reason)的名词，在定从句中作状语。Noneofusknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)Tomwasabsentfromthemeeting.先行词指人时，关系代词用who，而不用that：☆先行词是one,ones,anyone时,宜用who。Onewhohasnothingtofearforoneselfdarestotellthetruth.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.☆先行词是those时,宜用who。Thosewhowanttoseethefilmsignuphere.☆当先行词有较长的后置定语且定语为物时，宜用who。ImetaforeignstudentfromBeijingUniversitywhocouldaskmequestioninChinese.☆当一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个从句的关系代词用that，另一个宜用who。Theboythatyoumetatschoolgateyesterdaymorningisourmonitorwhostudiesveryhard.☆在therebe开头的句子中。Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsttheplan.当先行词是物时，在下列情况中，关系代词只用that，而不用which。（1）☆当先行词是不定代词all,little,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone时。Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.☆当先行词前面用only,any,few,little,no,all,very等修饰时。ThisistheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.Theonlythingthatyoucandoistogiveyousomemoney.☆当先行词是形容词最高级或它前面有形容词最高级时。Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen?☆当先行词是序数词时或前面有一个序数词时。ThetrainisthelastthatwillgototheSuzhou.WhatisthefirstAmericanfilmthatyouhaveseen?当先行词是物时，在下列情况中，关系代词只用that，而不用which。（2）☆当先行词既有人又有物时。Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?☆当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。Whichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal?☆又两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个宜用that。Theybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.☆先行词在句子中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.关系代词which与as引导非限制定语从句的区别:☆关系代词which和as都可以引导定语从句用于指代前面整句的内容。☆as引导定语从句既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。意思是“正如……”后面的动词多是see,know,expect,say,mention,report,announce等。Asisknowntoall,Edisoninvitedthetelephone.=Edisoninvitedthetelephone,asisknowntoall☆which引导定语从句,只能放在句尾，意思是“这一点……”。Heturnedouttobeverysuccessful,whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.