名词性从句 (5)

Practice:1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder____youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis_____hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth____theearth____aroundthesun.A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;moveAb/CCB主语从句宾语从句 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语从句同位语从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词从句Howtojudgeaclause:学习名从要知道;及物动词最重要;动词之前叫主从;动词之后是宾从.系动词也贼重要;它的后面跟表从;千万不能忘介词;它的后面跟宾从.名词性从句在功能上相当于名词Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.主语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{表语ItwasgoodnewsthateveryonegotbacksafelyIdon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.{宾语Idon’tknowtheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.{同位语Trytofindthenounclausesandtellthefunctions.Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.2.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.3.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.4.Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.ObjectclauseObjectclausePredicativeclauseObjectclause名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序：(1)that和whether/if引导的从句Shesensedsomething.AtallmaninadarkcoatwasstaringatherShesensedthatshewasbeingstaredbyatallmaninadarkcoat.Shewondered.Wouldthebusesstillberunning?Shewonderedif/whetherthebuseswouldstillberunning.陈述语序(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句（倒装）语序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()Idon’tknowwhatiswrongwithher.FTTF（1）名词性从句构成有3种a.That+陈述句Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.b.if/whether+陈述句Nooneknewif/whetherhelosthissightbecauseofanaccident.c.疑问词+陈述句Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.Whatisknowntoallisthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.Asisknowntoall,lighttravelsinstraightinlines.二、名词性从句连接词的选用补充P218（1）that和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that名从不做成份定从做成份what名从做成份that/what1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat(2)引导词that的省略补充到语法书P218that可省略的情况：单个动词宾语从句中的that可省略;and,but,or连接的并列宾语从句中第一个that可省略that不可省略的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略that/(that)1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddiedand__________hehadtomakealivingalone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that(3)if和whether的选用2不能使用if的情况：a.主语从句(注：若it做形式主语，whether/if)b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.介词后的宾语从句e.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.f.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.可以使用if的情况：动词宾语从句it作形式主语时if/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow_______togo.9.Ithasn’tbeendecided___________weshallattendthemeeting.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if(4)其它连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.Whenwhowhatwhere三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词+从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea,news,information,order,belief,suggestion,advice等3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhether1）Thenews___________ourfootballteamwonthematchwasreallyencouraging.2）Thenews______________________weheardontheradiowasnottrue.____________是形容词性的从句,它与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。_____________是名词性从句，是对前面名词作进一步的补充性解释说明。同位语从句与定语从句的区别that(that/which)定语从句同位语从句同位语从句和定语从句的区别补充到P2181.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.补：…1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.1.Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.2.Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.AttributiveorAppositiveATAPAPAT名词demand,suggestion,proposal,advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为should+do,should可省略HegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.宾语从句的时态呼应1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieves_________________________.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Pleasetellme_________________________.hisdreamwillcometruesomedaywhatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday2.如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。Hetoldme______________________.他说他已离开家乡十年了。Hetoldme______________________.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。TheteachertoldmehewaspreparingfortheexaminationHehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyearslighttravelsinastraightline.Practicetime1.Itnowappears______theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews______theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how3.It______Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthatB.thinksthatC.wasthoughtthatD.isthoughtthat4.It______heislateforclass.A.maythatB.mightthatC.maybethatD.mightbewhat5.Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what6.Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when7.Thequestionis______itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.what8.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis______weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where10.Hisproposalisthatthedam______atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuildC.bebuiltD.willbebuilt11.Myadviceisthathe______regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeepC.keepsD.kept12.______knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.WhoeverC.WhomthatD.Thatwho13.Weallknowthetruth_____theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether14.Weheardthenews______ourteamhadwon.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where15.Theproblem______itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if16.Youmustdowell______theteacherasksyoutodo.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whereThankyou