主语从句定义

.主语从句定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句。主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。主语从句主要有三类：（1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。Thatyouwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.Thatyouaresoindifferentbothersme.Thatshesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle.（2）用连词whether引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。Whethersheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.3）用连接代词引导的主语从句(在由连接代词who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分).Whatyouneedismorepractice.WhatIwanttoknowisthis.Whateverwedoistoservethepeople.（4）用连接副词when,where,why,how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)eg:Whereweshouldleaveitisaproblem.Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepubic.ATTENTION1.it做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末（尤其是当谓语较短时）。例如：Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.=Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.=Ithasnotbeenannouncedwhentheplaneistotakeoff.(当what引导的主语从句表示“⋯的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。)Whathewantsisabook.他想要的是本书。Hasitbeensettledwhowillbesenttocarryoutthetask?固定用法和译法1）Itis+名词+从句Itisafactthat事实⋯是⋯⋯Itisgoodnewsthat⋯是⋯⋯好消息Itisaquestionthat⋯是个⋯⋯问题Itiscommonknowledgethat⋯是⋯⋯常识类似的名词还有：apity；awonder；agoodthing；nowonder；surprise等。例如：Itisamysterytomehowitallhappened.Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.ItisnosurprisethatBobshouldhavewonthegame.2）Itis+形容词+从句Itisnecessarythat有必⋯要⋯⋯Itisclearthat很清⋯楚⋯⋯Itislikelythat很可⋯能⋯⋯Itisimportantthat重要⋯的是⋯⋯..类似的形容词还有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing,etc.Itisobviousthatconductorsandinsulatorsarebothimportantinindustry.Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocome.Itwasreallyastonishingthatherefusedtotalktoyou.Itisessentialthatheshouldbeherebytheweekend.Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.3）Itis+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat据说⋯⋯⋯Itisreportedthat据报⋯道⋯⋯Ithasbeenprovedthat已⋯证明⋯⋯Itmustbeprovedthat必⋯须指出⋯⋯类似的过去分词还有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;madeclear;foundout,etc.Itisthoughtthatheisthebestplayer.Itisestimatedthatthevaseis2000yearsold.Itisusedtobethoughtthatanewstarmustbeduetoacollisionbetweentwostars.Ithasnotbeenmadeclearwhenthenewroadistobeopenedtotraffic.ItdoesnotmatterifImissedmytrain,becausethereisanotherlater.IthappenedthatIsawhimyesterday.当“及物动词+宾语”较短时，也可用这种结构。ItshockedmethatPeterdidnottellanybodywherehewas.Itdoesnotinterestmewhetheryougoornot.只用whether不用if引导主语从句.主语从句三要点请观察下列句子，注意划线部分句子的意义及用法。Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatthelittlegirlcouldplaytheviolinsowell.Whowillgototheconcertisnotknown.Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.Whichbooktheywillchooseisstillunknown.Whenweshallholdoursportsmeetisnotdecided.It’sstrangethatheknowsnothingaboutit.Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.ItissaidthatPresidentJingowillvisitourschoolnextweek.[小结归纳](一)语序“引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分”；但当主语从句使用陈述语序，其通常结构为连接代词同时充当从句主语时，其结构为“连接代词+谓语+其他成分”，如句1、2。(二)引导词①that引导主语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句3；..②whether引导主语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替,如句4；③可以引导主语从句的连接代词主要有：who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whoever等，如句5；where,when,how,why等，如句6。④可以引导主语从句的连接副词主要有：(三)常见句型有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，代替主语从句放在句首，而把主语从句置于句末。常用句型如下：①It+be+形容词+that从句，如句7;②It+be+名词+that从句，如句8;③It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句，如句9。[即学即用]用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。1.______hedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterdaywasn’tquiteclear.TheForeignMinistersaid,“Itisourhope______thetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”______teamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.______comestothepartywillreceiveapresent.______Maryhasleftisstillaquestion.It’sreported______threepeoplewerekilledintheaccidentandfivewerehurtbadly.______hesolvedtheproblemsuccessfullyinterestedallofus.8.Weusuallythink______wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.9.Itisafact______Englishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.10.______istobesenttheretosolvetheproblemhasn’tbeendecided.下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。Thattheoldman’ssonwantedtoknowwaswherethegoldhadbeenhidden.ItisreportedwhenChinahassuccessfullysentShenzhouVIspaceshipintospace.Ifhecanfinishhistaskontimeisofgreatimportance.Whetherthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingexcitedthewholenation.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,whichourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.Whateverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.Whytheywillsolvetheseriousproblemtodayhasnotbeendecided.WhenwillwintheEnglishcompetitionisstillaproblem.Howourspringsportsmeetwillbeheldornotthisweekisnotknownyet.It’sstrangewhenheshouldhavegoneawaywithouttellingus.主语从句学习指导[寻规找矩]请观察下列句子，注意主语从句的用法。..Thattheearthtravelsroundthesunisawell-knownfact.Itisuncertainwhethertheartistcandoitornot.Whowillacttheleadintheplayhasnotbeendecidedyet.Wheretheyoungmanhasgoneisnotknown.Itisnotyetdecidedwhenandwherethetestwillbegiven.[归纳 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf ]引导主语从句的词有连词that,whether；连接代词who,whose,whom,whoever,what,which等；连接副词where,when,whenever,wherever,how,why等。有时用it作形式主语，将主语从句后置。[常见错误展示]下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattermuch.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.Whatwereyourproblemsayearagohasnowbecomemine.Itwasrequestedthateveryonemadeaspeechatthemeeting.[高考链接]从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.____wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(浙江2008)A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who2.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.(2007全国卷Ⅱ)A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which3.____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.(上海2002春)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.(NMET1996)A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where主语从句练习单项选择题1._____asmuchasone-fifthofalltimberharvestedisnotused.A.TheestimateB.TheestimateC.TheyareestimatedD.Itisestimatedthat2._____wasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhoD.What3._____wehaveachievedisattributedtotheguidanceofourparents.A.WhoeverB.WhateverC.HoweverD.That4._____yousaynowcan’tmakeupforwhatyou’vedone.A.NomatterB.WhateverC.HoweverD.That5.Although_____happenedinthisdevelopedcountrysoundslikescience..fiction,itcouldoccurelsewhereintheworld.A.whichB.whatC.howD.it6._____shehadforgottentotakehernotebook.A.ThatoccurredtoherB.SheoccurredthatC.ToherthatoccurredD.Itoccurredtoherthat7.Iamsurethat_____shesaidiswrong.A.whichB.allC.thisD.whatWelostourwayintheforest,and_____mademattersworsewasthatitwasgettingdark.A.thatB.whichC.itD.what_____occurredtohimthathehadforgottentolockthedoorwhenhelefthome.A.ThisB.ItC.ThatD.These10._____ornotisstilluncertain.A.He’scomingB.IfheiscomingC.ThatcomingD.Whetherhe’scoming11.It’s_____he’bellabletocome.A.doubtwhetherB.doubtfulC.doubtitD.doubtfulwhether12.Itis_____thatthebridgehasexistedformorethanthreecenturies.A.appearedB.risenC.saidD.born13._____hesawbothsurprisedandfrightenedhim.A.ThatB.WhenC.WhatD.Which14._____isaspellofwarmsunshine.A.Whatdoweallneed.B.WhatallweneedC.WhatweneedD.Whatweallneed15._____isapitythatheshouldfeelsoupset.A.WhatB.ThatC.HeD.It16._____aspoonfulofsoilcantellussomuchaboutthestructureandearlyhistoryofthemoon.A.RemarkableB.QuiteremarkablyC.ItisremarkablethatD.Itisremarkable17._____younominatewillbeelected.A.WhoB.WhichC.WhomeverD.That’s18._____bookyouborrowmustbereturnedwithinaweek.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhicheverD.That’s19._____istroublingmeisthatIdon’thavemuchexperienceininternationalcommerce.A.ItB.ThatC.WhichD.What_____theywilgotheretotryanotherexperimenthasnotbeendecidedyet.A.WhetherB.IfC.AboutwhetherD.Why根据提示，完成句子。..1.__________________________________hasn’tbeendecidedyet.(pick)谁将去接他还没有确定。2.__________________________________remainsunknown.(finish)我们是否能按时完成工作还不知道3._____________________________________isnoneofmybusiness.(like)你喜不喜欢他都与我无关。4._________________________________________isbeingdiscussed.(abroad)他将何时出国正在讨论之中。5.____________________________inlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.(matter)英语学习中最重要的是足够的练习。6.Itworriedherabit______________________________________________.(turn)她的头发正在变白让她有些担忧。7.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,___________________________ourastronautswalkinspace.(desire)杨利伟成功地环绕地球后，我们希望的是宇航员在太空漫步。8.________________________________________shouldbepunished.(break)任何违法的人都应该被惩罚。9.___________________wecanlearnfourforeignlanguagesatthesametime.(seem)我们能同时学四门外语似乎不可能。10._______________________________wasthatmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtothekeyuniversities.让这所学校感到自豪的是超过90%的学生被重点大学录取了。..主语从句1—5DDBBB6—10DDDBD11—15DCCDD16—20CACDA1.Whowillpickhimup2.Whetherwecanfinishtheworkontime3.Whetheryoulikehim(ornot)4.Whenhewillgoabroad5.Whatmattersmost6.thatherhairwasturninggrey7.it’sdesiredthat8.Whoeverbreaksthelaw9.Itseemsimpossiblethat10.WhatmadetheschoolproudKey:I．1.Why2.that3.Which4.WhoeverWhether6.that7.How8.whatthat10.WhoII．1.That→What2.when→that3.If→Whether4.Whether→Thatwhich→whatWhatever→WhoeverWhy→How8.When→Who9.How→Whether10.when→that[解析与拓展]在句首加That（并将Light改为light）。that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。2.将If改为Whether。if,whether都可表示“是否”，但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。3.将That改为What。that引导主语从句时无词义。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所说的”。将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。将Nomatterwho改为Whoever。引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。将remain改为remains。主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。has要改为have。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。8.将made改为（should）make。在“Itisrequested/ordered/suggested+that从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。1-4CABB21-25BDCAC26-30DAADA..31-35BDDCC36-240BCACB（二）DCBADBACDABBCAB（三）CDCABDDCCBDABADABCAB（四）CADCCABDABACCBDBDDBA.