湖南_阅读填空

高考专 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 之阅读填空题解题技巧试题结构语言运用类试题，旨在考查学生搜集信息（包括直接信息和间接信息）、处理信息、传递信息的的能力。阅读填空分正文和表格/摘要两部分，正文为约300字的一篇短文，表格/摘要中一般设10个空，用不超过3个单词的语段来填补空缺。题型解读做题步骤1.浏览表格格式—理清短文结构和信息分布2.快速浏览文章，获取文章中心大意及每段大意，正确获取信息。3.分析填表1)找读—带着问题找读(有针对性,节约时间）2)细读—分析整合信息，准确表达3)归纳概括—高度概括，严谨表达4)复查（大小写，单词数量，书写 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 ，拼写，对称等）Payattention:答案不唯一,尽量忠实于原文返回 目录 工贸企业有限空间作业目录特种设备作业人员作业种类与目录特种设备作业人员目录1类医疗器械目录高值医用耗材参考目录 　考情分析词组/短语词组/短语词组/短语提纲式279有用网站说明文2011横向树形图270对河流的控制说明文2012横向树形图271网络公开课说明文2013题目用语表格形式短文词数题材体裁年份近三年湖南卷考点分析一览表返回目录　考情分析511020114114201272102013整合信息题段落归纳题标题归纳题直接信息题年份应试点睛　一、阅读填空题的答题原则在阅读填空题的答题过程中，需注意五个原则：1．简洁性原则：要压缩整合信息，尽量用最少的词来表达最重要的最关键的信息，保证每空不得超过3个单词。2．语法形式一致性原则：可以参照前后左右所给出的其他信息表达形式从而确定需要表达的形式。但要注意横纵栏目内的表达形式在语法上要一致，例如，要么都是形容词短语，要么都是名词短语，要么都是动词的­ing形式等。3．概括针对性原则：概括词在最大限度上覆盖行和列的信息。4．信息一致性原则：横纵栏目内的表达信息要一致。5．忠于原文原则：答案不唯一，但要忠于原文，即如果能够在原文中找到相关信息表达要点，那么就不宜采用其他同义或近义词来表达该信息词。4．复查。复查对提高答题准确率很重要，考生千万不要遗漏这一步。复查的主要依据是看所填答案是否符合答题的五个原则，其中重点要复查：①是否超过3个单词？②表达形式在语法上是否与同横纵栏目一致？③横纵栏目内的表达信息是否一致？④单词有无拼写错误？尤其名词单复数与动词形式错误。直接信息题：2—3个题转述信息题：3-5个题归纳信息题：3--4个题(含title)考点分类考点1.直接信息题---查读法获取信息Eg:Homecomingisahappydaybutitisnotperfectunlessthefootballteamwinsthegame.Eveniftheteamloses,thestudentsstillenjoyHomecoming.Somestayattheschooltodanceandothersgotoaparty.Foreveryoneitisadayworthremembering.Conclusion:HomecomingDay:aday__________________________worthremembering※考点1警示题目设计者会设置2--3道直接引用原文词汇和语句的题目，我们首先要保证这部分题拿满分，容易的题目往往会出错，因此，书写要清楚规范，不能粗心多写或少写字母，答案要定位准确。考点2.信息归纳题正确表述标题的 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 ：第一段通常是主题段落，对 全文 企业安全文化建设方案企业安全文化建设导则安全文明施工及保证措施创建安全文明校园实施方案创建安全文明工地监理工作情况 主要内容的概括性说明。通常每段的第一句为段落的主题句。标题通常为________,_____________或是________，一般不用动词原型.注意表达的概括性：平常要善于积累典型的概括性词汇名词，名词词组，动名词标题归纳题题型探究Wouldyouworkfornothing?Non-paidinternship(实习生）havebeencommonintheUSforsometimenow,Butthesedays,theyarebecomingmoreandmorepopularinothercountries,too.Isthisagoodthing?Non-paidinternshipTitle:Londonisoneofthemostpopularplacesintheworldfortouriststovisit.IfyouareplanningatriptoLondoninthefuture,you'reinluck.Thereareavarietyofattractionsforyoutoenjoy.OneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsinLondonistheTowerofLondon.Foundedmorethan900yearsago,theTowerofLondonisoneoftheworld'smostfamoustowersandhaschangedalot.TouristattractionTitle:_______________inLondon跳读首段、尾段，以及每段的第一句，掌握文章大意及故事发展流程。文章主旨句大多出现在三个位置：文章首段，一段末二段首，转折后信息，文章末段。可有意识地从上述三个位置找到文章主题句，再加以准确概括，确定语篇标题。标题归纳题——解题技巧小结注意:阅读填空题的标题表达常以(动)名词词组形式为主。题型探究　　Manystudentseattheirbreakfastonthewaytoschoolorinthedining­room.Butsomeofthemdon’treallyknowhowtoeatwellwheneatingout.　　Hereissomeimportantadvice.Thefirstistoeatlessfastfood.Themostobviousharmofeatingfastfoodisweightgainingbecauseoftoomuchfat.Youngpeopleandadultsareatriskofdiseasesrelatedtoweight.AdviceonbreakfastPracticeTitle:　Thebestthingyoucansayabouttheroofsofmostcitybuildingisthatyoudon’thavetolookatthemmuch.That’sverygood,sinceanurbanlandscapeviewedfromabovecanbeanunlovelything—blockafterblockoftarred(铺有沥青的)blackrooftops,stickyinsummer,windsweptinwinter,uglyyear-round.Oratleastthat’sthewayitusedtobe.　Buturbanroofsaregoinggreen.Environmentaldesignershavebeguntorealizethatthetopsofbuildingsdon’thavetobewastelands.Indeed,theycanbegardens,plantedwithgrasses,flowersandbushes.RoofsgoinggreenPracticeTitle:段落归纳题题型探究Herearesomemoresuggestionsforeffectiveteamperformanceduringtheseactivities:Makesureeachgroupmemberunderstandsandagreestothetaskgiventohimorher,andeveryoneknowsexactlywhen,whyandwhattodo;...CompareyourownobservationswiththoseofothersTake3.______forone’sownlearningTaketurnsdoingvarioustasks.ShowconcernforotherstoensuresafetyUnderstandandagreetothe2._____ofone’sown1.__________________Suggestions根据段落首句信息得出归纳词：Title1costingapprenticesnothingofferingapprenticesmoney-makingopportunitiesofferingemployersmanywell-trainedworkerson-the-jobtrainingcombiningworkplaceexperienceandclassroomlearninglittletimeforanythingelsethepossibilityofbeinglaidoffaformalcertificationanotherpayincreasefreechoicesofjobs利用右栏信息反推：DefinitionResultsAdvantagesDisadvantages1.段落归纳概括题常位于表格的左栏，能最大限度覆盖相应行、列或单元格的全部信息，常为名词、名词词组或动(名)词词组。根据段落首句信息得出归纳词。段落归纳词常采用反推法得出。段落归纳题——解题技巧小结theQingDynastytheMingDynastytheSongDynastytheQinDynasty1.____________Generalization时间类DynastiesTimePeriodWhen…二、归纳概括词的判断与选用1．常见的归纳概括词：bytheseainthelakeinthemountaininthepark2._________地点类PlacesGeneralizationLocationAreaRegionWhere…easy-goingstrong-willedstone-heartedconservative3._________特点类CharacterFeaturePersonality…CharacteristicsGeneralization原因类ReasonCauseWhySourceRootGeneralization…目的类PurposeAimGoalTargetIntention…Generalization结果类EffectEndingResult…ConsequenceOutcomeGeneralization方法类MeasureMethodMeans…SuggestionWaySolutionGeneralizationAdvice观点类ViewOpinionSummary…ConclusionAttitudePointGeneralization比较类SimilarityContrastDifferenceComparison…Generalization种类类VarietyTypeClassificationSpeciesCategoryKind…Generalization　PracticeVolunteeringdoesmuchgoodtoavolunteer.Forexample,volunteeringoffersyouchancetodevelopability,skillandpersonalstrengths.Aspartofavolunteergroup,yougetfirst­handexposuretouseandlearncommunicationandteamworkdynamics.offeringyouchancetodevelopability,skillandpersonalstrengthsMakingyouuseandlearncommunicationandteamworkdynamics_____________ofvolunteeringBenefits/Advantages/UsesThen,howtosolvetheproblem?Toalargedegree,itisthefashionproducersthatreallyhavethepowerandtheresponsibilitytoshapeourfuture....ChoosinglocalsuppliersSelectingsustainablematerialsReducingenergyuseSwitchingtogreenenergyWaysto2.______________andminimizewasteFashionproducers1.____________toproblemsMethods/SolutionsPractice信息题:组织信息题题型探究组织信息题题型探究所谓组织信息题，即能从文中找到信息句，但需转换原词的词性或另用新词填空。例如，根据信息句“beresponsibleforyourownlearning,thoughitisbynomeansunwisetocompareyourobservationswiththoseofothergroupmembers.”判断填写“Take________forone’sownlearning.”，显然该空应填写“responsibility”，即为原句中形容词responsible的名词形式，转换了词性。组织信息题——解题思路小结：先读表格，根据对应原则、“萝卜坑”原则，到文章中找到定位的句子；分析、比较、推敲表格与原文在表达上的异同，从而作出正确的推理判断；所填入的词或词组不仅要求拼写正确，符合语法规则，还要确保上下、左右语义一致。定位组织对比组织信息题——解题技巧小结：I.表达方式的一致性:Greenroofscancontroltemperature,containwaterandcleantheair.Physical:●84__________________●containingwater●cleaningcontrollingtemperature2.词性的转换:1.Theyalsohavefewerabsencesandarelesslikelytoblame.79.improvedacademicbehaviors●betterworkhabits●higherratesofhomeworkcompletion●improvedgradesandhigherscores●fewerabsencesand80._________lessblame2.VitaminCisnecessaryforstrongbonesandteeth,andforhealthybloodvessels.●Beinga________forstrongbonesandteethandhealthyblood.3.Itgrowstoonemeterinlength.●Being________________necessityonemeterlong3.短语单词化morethantoone’ssurprisepayavisittobeofgreatimportancemakeadecisionputanendtogivebackhaveaneffectonsetupobjecttofullofenergyputupwithoveraffectvisitbeimportantdecideendreturnsurprisinglybuildopposeenergetictolerate/stand4.句子短语化1.Theseedsoffriendshipbecomedeeplyrooted.The_______________becomedeeplyrooted.2.Thepowerofgovernmentcounts.The_______________powerfriendshipseedsgovernment'sof所有格用’s替代，或者直接用名词替代3.Ifapersontriestospeakoutirrelevantdetailsorofferexplanationswhicharenotnecessarywhenhe’saskedaparticularquestion,he’sattemptingtohidecertainfacts.●speakingoutirrelevantdetails●80._____________________offeringunnecessaryexplanations4.句子短语化4.Thestudentwhoworkshard.The______________student5.Whileyouarechoosingyourmajor,youneedtotakeyourinterestintoconsideration.While________yourmajor,youneedto...hardworkingchoosing从句可以用形容词或者分词短语来替代6.Buturbanroofsaregoinggreen.________________________7.Tree’sleavesarefalling.____________leavesRoofsgoinggreenfalling谓语动词用分词来替代作定语略读—快速浏览抓住中心大意及每段大意找读—带着问题找读认真分析表格借助已有信息细读—分析整理信息准确表达信息复查---Summary:阅读填空解题技巧及步骤归纳概括—高度概括严谨表达忠于原文答案不唯一浏览表格1.单词数2.形式一致3.信息一致4.单词拼写