常见不新版规则动词变化表

常用不规则动词变化 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf (原形→过去式→过去分词)be(am,is)wasbeenloselostlostbe(are)werebeenmakemademadebeatbeatbeatenmaymight　becomebecamebecomemeanmeantmeantbeginbeganbegunmeetmetmetblowblewblownmistakemistookmistakenbreakbrokebrokenmustmust　bringbroughtbroughtpaypaidpaidbuildbuiltbuiltputputputbuyboughtboughtreadreadReadcancould　rideroderiddencatchcaughtcaughtringrangrungchoosechosechosenriseroserisencomecamecomerunranruncostcostcostsaysaidsaidcutcutcutseesawseendigdugdugsellsoldsolddodiddonesendsentsentdrawdrewdrawnsetsetsetdrinkdrankdrunkshallshould　drivedrovedrivenshineshoneshoneeatateeatenshowshowedshownfallfellfallenshutshutshutfeelfeltfeltsingsangsungfindfoundfoundsinksank/sunksunk/sunkenflyflewflownsitsetsetforgetforgotforgot/forgottensleepsleptsleptfreezefrozefrozensmellsmeltsmeltgetgotgotspeakspokespokengivegavegivenspendspentspentgowentgonespillspiltspiltgrowgrewgrownspoilspoiltspoilthanghung/hangedhung/hangedstandstoodstoodhave(has)hadhadsweepsweptswepthearheardheardswimswamswumhidehidhiddentaketooktakenhithithitteachtaughttaughtholdheldheldtelltoldtoldhurthurthurtthinkthoughtthoughtkeepkeptkeptthrowthrewthrownknowknewknownunderstandunderstoodunderstoodlaylaidlaidwakewoke/wakedwoken/wakedlearnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learnedwearworewornleaveleftleftwillwould　lendlentlentwinwonwonletletletwritewrotewittenlielaylain　　　常用动词用法辨析(1)“Whynot+动词原形+…?”(干嘛不……?)是简略句,完全形式是：Whydon’tyou+动词原形+…?如：Whynotgoandhavealook?(干嘛不去看看？)/Whynottryitonceagain?(为什么不再试试？)(2)seem(好象)用法：记住几种构造：①sb./sth.+seem+(tobe+)形容词+…；②sb./sth.+seem+like+…；③sb/sth+seem+to(do)；④Itseemsthat+从句。如：Heseemed(tobe)veryhappywhenhewascalledbytheheadmaster.(被校长叫到名字时她好象很开心)/ItseemsthatnobodyelsecoulddosuchafoolishthingexceptJim.(除了吉姆好象没有什么人会做出如此愚蠢事情来)(3)beafraid(胆怯)用法：记住几种构造：①beafraidofsth；beafraidof(doing)；②beafraidto(do)；③beafraidthat+从句。如：Sheisalittleafraidofsnakes.(她有点怕蛇)/Don’tbesoafraidtostayathomealoneatnight.(别胆怯晚上一种人在家)/I’mafraidthatsomebodywilltakehisplacebecauseofhisseriousmistakes.(恐怕有人要取代她了,由于她犯了那么大错误)(4)besorry(抱歉)用法：记住几种构造：①besorryfor(sth)；②besorryfor(doingsth)；③besorryto(do)；④besorrythat+从句。如：Iamverysorryforkeepingyouwaitingsolong.(不好意思让你久等了)Iamsorrytotroubleyou.(对不起,麻烦你了)/Iamsorry(that)heisn’thereatthemoment.(恐怕她当前不在)(5)besure(确信)用法：记住几种构造：①besureof(sth)；②besureto(do)；③besurethat+从句。如：Shetoldmemanytimesthatshewassuretocome.(她给我讲过多次她一定会来)/Areyousureofyouranswer?Maybeit’swrong.(你对你答案有把握吗？也许是错。)/IamsurethatDadwillhelpmewiththejob.(我确信爸爸会帮着我做这件事情)(6)make与do用法：普通状况下表达进行活动或者做工作用do,表达创造建构某事物用make.如：Idon’tknowwhattodo.(我不懂得该干什么)/I’mnotgoingtodoanywork.(我不准备做什么)/MyfatherandIoncemadeaboat.(我和我爸曾经做过一只船)此外还要记住某些固定说法：dogood/harm/business/one’sbest/afavour……makeadecision/aneffort/amistake/anoise/aphonecall/money/war/thebed/sure,...(7)puton、wear、have…on、bein、tryon、dress用法：puton强调“穿、戴”这个动作过程,wear则表达“穿着、戴着”这一状态,have+衣物+on重要表达状态,bein(+颜色/衣物)也是表达一种状况,dress(+人)表达“给…人穿衣”。如：Pleaseputonyournewshoes.(请穿上你新鞋)/Thetwinsarewearingthesameclothes.(双胞胎穿着相似衣服)/Todayshehasanovercoaton.(今天她穿着一件大衣)/Doyouknowthewomanwhoisinblack?(你结识那个身穿黑衣女人吗？)/DadisdressingTomnow.(爹正在给汤姆穿衣)[注意]dress与wear或puton区别：wear或puton惯用衣物作宾语,而dress惯用人作宾语。表达给自己穿衣时惯用“getdressed”或“dressoneself”表达。bedressedin与wear基本同义。dressup意为“穿上盛装、乔装打扮”。如：Couldyoudressthebabyforme?(你能替我给宝宝穿衣吗？)/Heiseightbutcan’tdresshimself.(她八岁了,还不会穿衣服)/Shewasdressedinaredcoat.(她穿着一件红上衣)/DoIhavetodressuptogotoJim’sparty?(我得穿上好衣服去参加吉姆约会吗？)(8)like、love与enjoy用法：三个词都具有“喜欢”意思,但是,like和enjoy背面跟动名词,love背面普通跟动词不定式。like背面有时跟动词不定式,表达一种习惯或嗜好(往往与详细时间或地点关于)。enjoy背面还可以加名词、反身代词,表达“享有…乐趣；玩得开心”。如：Doyoulikeshopping?(你喜欢购物吗？)/Helikestohaveaswimwhenhegetshomeeveryafternoon.(每天下午放学后她总爱游个泳)/Theylovetosingforeignsongs.(她们爱慕唱外国歌曲)/Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?(在约会上你玩得开心吗？)/HeenjoyslivinginChina.(她喜欢在中华人民共和国生活)(9)study、learn用法：study重要表达“学习、研究”,指过程；而learn重要表达“学会”,指成果。表达“学”时可以互换。如：Howmanysubjectsdoyoustudy?(你学多少门课程？)/Haveyoulearnedityet?(这个你学过了吗？)/Howlonghaveyoustudied/learnedEnglish?(你学 英语 关于好奇心的名言警句英语高中英语词汇下载高中英语词汇 下载英语衡水体下载小学英语关于形容词和副词的题 多久了？)learn还可以表达“据说”,如：Helearnedthemusicianhimselfwasintown.(她据说音乐家本人就在城里)(10)think、want、wouldlike用法：三个词都具有“想”意思,但think指“思考、考虑”,want指“想要、愿望、企图”,wouldlike指“想要”,think背面普通跟介词短语或从句,want和wouldlike背面跟名词或动词不定式。如：DoyouthinkthatChinawillbecomeadevelopedcountryin40years?(你以为中华人民共和国会在40年后成为发达国家吗？)/IamthinkingofthemoneyIoncelenttoLiMin.((我正在想着此前借给黎敏钱)/Whatdoyoureallywanttosay?(你究竟想干什么？)/Whichofthesecakeswouldyoulike(tohave)?(这些饼子中你想吃哪些？)(11)lookfor、search…for、find、findout用法：前面两个词语表达动作过程,背面两个表达到果,lookfor指“寻找”不见或丢失东西,但还没有找到；search…for…指“为找…而搜寻…”；find指“找到”了东西；findout重要指“查明一种事实真相”。如：Hey，Monkey，whatareyoulookingforinthecupboard?(嘿,猴儿！你在厨子里面找什么呢？)/Haveyoufoundthelostkeytoyourcar?(你找着丢失车钥匙了吗？)/Thesoldiersweresearchingtheroomforthespywhentheyheardaloudnoise.(士兵们正在房间里面搜寻间谍突然间她们听到了衣声巨响)/Let’strytofindoutwhobrokethewindow.(让咱们查查谁把窗子打破了)[注解]find几种构造：findsb.sth“为某人找到…”,findsth./sb.+adj./n.“发现某人是…”,findit+adj.+todo…(或+宾语从句)“发现(做……)如何”。如：Hismotherfoundherdaughteraveryclevergirl.(她妈妈发现她女儿是个聪颖女孩)(名词作补语补足语)/Youcaneasilyfinditnotgoodforyourhealthtoeatcoldfood.(你很容易就会发现吃冷食对你身体是不利)(12)listento、hear用法：两个词与听觉关于,listento指“听”这一过程,hear指“听到”这一成果。如：Areyoulisteningtome,Jim?Yes,Ihaveheardyourwords.(吉姆,你在听我说吗？是,你话我全听见了)(13)look、see、watch、read用法：四个词均与眼睛关于,look指放眼去“看”(不论与否看得到),指“看”过程；see指“看见”这一成果,有时see还引申为“明白”,表达“看”时背面加“电影”等词；watch指专注看,具有“注视、监视”之义,背面常跟“电视、比赛”等词；read限制为看书面 材料 关于××同志的政审材料调查表环保先进个人材料国家普通话测试材料农民专业合作社注销四查四问剖析材料 ,译为“看、阅读”,背面跟“书、报纸、杂志”等词。如：Whatareyoulookingat?(你在看什么？)/Pleaselookattheblackboard.(请看黑板)/Letmegotoseethefilm，mum，willyou?(妈妈,让我去看电影吧,好吗？)/Hewon’tfeelwelluntilhefinisheswatchingthefootballmatch.(要看完了足球赛她才会感觉好些)/Readinggivesusknowledge.(阅读给咱们知识)(14)hear、hearof、hearfrom、learn用法：hear“据说”,背面可以跟名词、代词、从句表达听见内容,hearof“据说”,背面跟人,指对某人有耳闻但没有见过面；hearfrom“收到……来信”,背面加人；learn“据说、得知”,背面跟从句,含义与hear相似。如：IhearMrGreeniscomingtoseeustonight.(我据说格林先生今晚要来看望咱们)/HaveyoueverheardofthemanwhooncewenttotheHimalayaMountains?(你与否据说过那个去过喜马拉雅山人？)/Howoftendoyouhearfromyourfather?(隔多久你收到你爸爸信？)/Helearnedthemusicianhimselfwasintown.(她据说音乐家本人就在城里)(15)speak、talk、say、tell用法：四个词与“说”关于。speak“发言、发言、演说”,是不及物动词,涉及人时要加介词to,speak作及物动词时背面跟语言名称；talk“谈话、闲谈”,是不及物动词,涉及人时用介词with、to等,涉及事情时背面跟介词about等；say是及物动词,背面跟名词、代词、从句等,表达说内容；tell是及物动词,背面一方面要跟人,然后再跟从句或者介词短语等。如：DoyouspeakEnglish?(你讲英语吗？)/Whospokeatthemeeting?(谁在会上发了言？)/OurteacheristalkingtoLinTao’sparent.(咱们教师正在跟林涛家长发言)/CanyousayitinEnglish?(你能用英语说出它吗？)/Pleasetellmesomethingaboutthestrangeflyingobject.(请跟我讲讲那个奇怪飞行物事情吧)(16)beableto(do)、can用法：can是情态动词,有许多含义,表达“也许、可以、会”等意思,只有当前式can和过去式could两种形式；beableto表达能力上“会”,有各种时态形式,to背面跟动词原形,有时可以与can/could互换。如：CanyouspeakEnglish?(你会说英语吗？)/Hecouldn’t(wasn’tableto)swimwhenhewas12.(她十二岁时不会游泳)(17)therebe、have用法：两个词都可以译为“有”,但是,have表达是“拥有”,主语必要是人或者物；therebe表达“存在”概念,主语在therebe之后。如：Howmanybrothersandsistersdoyouhave?Ihaveonlyonebrother.(你有多少兄弟？我只有一种兄弟。)/Howmanychairsanddesksarethereintheirclassroom?Thereisnone.(她们教室里有多少张桌椅？一张也没有。)[注解]therebesb./sthdoing与therebesb./sthtodo有所不同：用doing表达一种正在发生事情,而用todo则表达一种滞后或迟于therebe动作。如：Look！Thereisadoglyingonthestairway./Takeyourtime.Thereisnothingforyoutodotonight.(18)borrow、lend、keep用法：表达“借”三个词,borrow“借进”、lend“出借”都是一次性动作,不可以和表达一段时间状语连用；keep“保存”用来表达借一段时间。如：IhavelostthebookIborrowedfrommyteacher.WhatcanIdo?(我丢掉了从教师那里借来书)/Howlonghaveyoukeptmydictionary,eh?Formorethantwomonths！(呃,我字典你借了多久了？两个多月了！)(19)bring、take、carry、send、lift用法：bring指从远处“拿来”；take指从面前“拿走”；carry指普通搬运,不涉及方向；send重要指“送、派遣、寄”；lift指把东西由低向高“提起、拎起”。例略。(20)hope、wish用法：两个词都表达“但愿”,但是,hope表达有把握或信心实现事情,背面直接跟动词不定式或者宾语从句,不可以跟动名词或作宾语补足语不定式；wish表达实现也许性不大事情,背面跟名词、宾语从句(用过去时)或者作宾语补足语不定式。如：Weallhopetoseehimverysoon.(咱们全都但愿尽快见到她)/Ihopeitwillbefinetomorrowsothatwecangoout.(我但愿明每天好,这样咱们就能出去了。)/HowIwishitwasnotrainingatthemoment!(我多么但愿此刻不在下雨！)(事实上天正在下雨)(21)take、spend、pay、cost用法：spend宾语普通是金钱或时间,句型：sb.+(spend)+时间/金钱+onsth/(in)doingsth.；take主语普通是事情,句型：sth./It+(take)+sb.+时间+todo…。(如果是动作则惯用it作形式主语将动词不定式后移)；cost宾语普通是时间、金钱、力气,句型：sth.+(cost)+sb.+时间/金钱/力气.；pay宾语普通是金钱,句型：sb.+(pay)+金钱+for+事物.如：Shespentthewholenightreadingthenovel.(她花了一种晚上看那本故事)/Thisjobwilltakemetwodays.=Itwilltakemetwodaystodothejob.(做这件事情要花我两天时间)/Howmuchdoesahouselikethiscost?(像这样房子要花多少钱？)/Ipaidhimtwentydollarsforthebook..(我花了20元从她那儿买了书)(22)begin、start用法：begin在大多数状况下可以代替start,(反义词是end),背面接不定式或动名词时区别不大,但是start还可以表达“开始、出发、启动”,反义词是stop；某事停止后再重新开始普通用start.如：Whendidyoubegin/starttolearnEnglish?(你什么时候开始学英语？)/Theystartedgettinginthecropsaftertherainstopped.(雨停后她们开始收割庄稼)/Thistimehecouldnotstarthiscar.(这次她没法启动她汽车)(23)arrivein/at、reach、getto用法：arrive是不及物动词,到达详细地点时背面加介词at,到达一种大地方(国家、都市)时背面加介词in,arrive背面可以直接跟地点副词here/there/home等；get表达“到达”时是不及物动词,涉及地点(无论大小)时背面加to,get背面可以直接跟地点副词here等；reach是及物动词,背面直接跟地点名词。如：HearrivedinSanFranciscolastSunday.(上个星期天她到达旧金山)/Howdidyougetthereinthenight?(你是如何在夜间到达那里？)/Wehurriedallthewayandreachedthestationjustfiveminutesbeforethetrainleft.(咱们一路狂奔在火车启动前5分钟到达车站)(24)bemadeof、bemadefrom、bemadeinto、bemadein、bemadeby、bemadefor区别：bemadeof指从制成品中可以看得出原材料,而bemadefrom则指从制成品中看不出原材料,口语中都可以换成bemadeoutof。bemadeinto表达“被制成……”,bemadein表达被制造地点,bemadeby表达制造人,bemadefor表达被制造目。如：Thiskindofpaperismadefrombamboo.(这种纸是由竹子生产)/Thedeskismadeofwoodandmetal.(桌子是铁和木头打)/Alotofpaperhasbeenmadeintopaperbirds.(许多纸被折叠成了小鸟)/Computersaremadeinthesecities.(计算机是在这几种都市制造)/ThiskitewasmadebyUncleWang.(这个风筝是王叔叔做)/Abigbagwasmadeformetoholdmywastethings.(一只大包做好了让我装废物)(25)beusedfor、beusedto、usedto、getusedto区别：beusedfor+名词/代词或动名词，beusedto+动词原形,表达两个短语意思相近,表达“用于…”。usedto+动词原形,表达“过去经常”,否定式可以是“didn’tuseto”也可以是“usedn’tto”；get/beusedto+动名词,表达“习惯于….”。如：Aknifecanbeusedforcuttingthings.(刀可以用来割东西)/Aknifecanbeusedtocutthings.(刀可以用来割东西)/Heusedtoborrownovelsfromthelibrarywhenhewasatschool.(她上学时经常在图书馆借书)/Heisusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.(她习惯早起)(26)beat,win与lose：beat(打败),背面跟“人”,而win(赢得),背面跟“比赛、竞赛”等。如：Whowonatlast?(最后谁赢了？)/ClassThreebeatus5-0.(三班以5∶0打败了咱们)/Iamsuretowinthematch.(我一定能赢得比赛)而lose则表达“输了”,惯用句型：losesth.tosb.如：UnluckilywelostthematchtoClassThree.(不幸是咱们比赛输给了三班)(27)grow、plant、keep区别：plant着重讲“栽、种植”这个动作,grow则指种植后来“栽培”、“管理”,而keep则重要指“饲养”、“赡养”一种人或者动物。如：Hegrewvegetablesinhisgarden.(她在园子里种菜)/Iplantedtentreeslastyear,butfourofthemdied.(去年我栽了10棵树,但是死了4棵)/Oldwomenenjoykeepingcatsordogstokillthetime.(老年妇女喜欢养猫养狗打发时间)(28)fall、drop区别：fall指东西由高处向下坠落,不及物动词；也可以作连系动词,意思是“变得,进入某种状态”。drop表达物体由高处往低处落下,不及物动词；或让物体落向低处,及物动词。如：Themanfelloffthetractorandhurthimself.(那个人从拖拉机上摔下来跌伤了)/Soonaftertheytouchedthepillowstheyfell(系动词)fastasleep.(她们头挨枕头不久就睡着了)/Hefeltasifhehadtodropmaths.(她觉得似乎要放弃数学)/Hedroppedaletterintothemail-box.(她向邮箱里丢了一封信)(29)join、joinin、takepartin区别：join多指参加组织、团队、党派等,背面跟人时表达和某人一起参加某项活动；joinin指参加某项游戏或活动；takepartin多指参加群众性活动、运动、会议等。如：Hejoinedthearmyin.(她参军)/Theyjoinedmeincongratulatingyou.(她们和我一起向你祝贺)/Dojoinusinthegame.(千万参加咱们比赛)/Hetookanactivepartinthestudents’movementinthe1940s.(在二十世纪40年代她积极参加学生运动)(30)beat、hit、strike用法区别：beat指“持续不断地打击；(心脏)跳动”；hit指“一次性地撞击、命中”；strike与hit基本同义,还可以理解为“划(火柴)、给……深刻印象”。如：Themanlooksdead,buthisheartisstillbeatingweakly.(那个人看上去死了可心脏还在薄弱地跳动)/Hehittheballsohardthatitflewovertheirheadsandfellintothelake.(她踢球劲太大球飞过她们头顶落入水中)/Hewentintotheroomandstruckamatch(火柴).(她走进房间划着了一根火柴)(31)carryon、carryout区别：carryon表达“进行、继续”；carryout表达“进行、贯彻、实现”。如：Iwillcarryonthework.(我会继续工作)/Ihavesomedifficultiesincarryingouthisorders.(对于执行她命令我有问题)(32)beamazed与besurprised区别：beamazed“感到惊讶”,指人对某个不也许发生却实际发生了事情感到极其讶异；besurprised“感到吃惊”指人对突发事件感到惊讶。如：Whenhediveddeepintothesea，hewasamazedatthecoloursofallthebeautifulcoralreefs.(她深潜到海中时被所有美丽珊瑚礁惊呆了)/Hewasverysurprisedwhenheheardaloudnoisefrominsidetheroom.(听到房间里传出一种很大声音她非常地吃惊)(33)warn用法：“warnsb.of/aboutsth”意思是“针对…而警告某人”；“warnsb(not)todosth”意思是“告戒某人(不)要做某事”；“warnsb.+that从句”意思是“警告某人说……”。如：Theywarnedthepassengersofthieves.(她警告路人小心窃贼)/Iwarnyouthatyouwillfailinthecomingexamsifyouarestillsolazy.(我警告你：如果你还这样懒在即将来到考试中你会不及格。)/Hewaswarnednottogooutinthelatenight.(她受到警告不要在深夜出去)(34)thinkof与thinkabout等短语区别：thinkof表达“考虑、怀念、以为、想起、建议”等；“thinkabout”表达“看待、以为”；“thinkmuch/highly/alotof”表达“高度评价…”；“thinkover”表达“仔细考虑”；“thinkout”表达“想出”。如：Theheadmasterthoughthighlyofthisboy.(校长高度地评价了这个男孩)/We’rethinkingofgoingtoFranceforourholiday.(咱们在考虑去法国度假事情)/Thinkitoverandyouwillhaveaway.(仔细考虑就有办法)/Icannotthinkofhisname.Iforgotit.(我想不起她名字我忘了)/－Whatdoyouthinkabouthiscomposition?－Verygood！(她作文你觉得怎么样？较好。)(35)agreewith/agreeto/agreeon等词语用法：“agreeto+动词”表达“批准做某事”,“agreewith+sb./观点”表达“赞同…观点”/agreeabout表达“对…话题有相似看法”/“agreeto+建议”表达“批准”某人建议,“agreeon+决定”表达“赞成某人决定”。例略。(36)deserve(应当,应得)用法：deserve背面可以加不定式,也可以加名词。如：Theyhadtriedtheirbestandtheydeservedtowin.(她们竭力了该赢。)/Thelittleboyalwaysmadetroublesaroundanddeservedbeating.(小男孩总是处处惹麻烦活该被打)/Thegirldidagooddeedanddeservedpraise.(女孩做了好事应当受到表扬)