名词性从句 (6)

1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.MrsBlackwon’tbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句I名词性从句的种类Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.Hisdelayisduetothefactthatthecarbrokedownhalfway.同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,doubt,hope,law,knowledge,opinion,suggestioninformation,plan,后面,用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 .2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.注:1.that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句的区别:引导同位语从句的that无实际意义,不作从句的任何成分,而引导定语从句的that从句的某个成分.Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthematch.Hetoldmethenewsthatwasveryexciting.Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.语序问题1.Thephotographswillshowyou____．（MET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike规律一：名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序在名词性从句中，关联词在从句之首，其它部分应用________的语序。陈述句2.Heasked____foraviolin.（MET92）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid规律二：1.从句是陈述句转化而来的，不缺成分，不含有疑问意义。由that引导且that连词在从句中不作成分主语从句,同谓语从句,表语从句that不可以省略,在宾语从句中that常可省略．Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Johnsaid(that)hewouldattendthemeeting.ThetroubleisthatIhaveforgottenhername.2.从句是由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义,不缺成分。由whether，if引导.Iworryaboutwhether/ifhecanpasstheexam.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.2.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.3.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.4.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris…...Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent…...HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.规律三：whether和if的区别：主语从句只能用whether表语从句中只能用whether宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时用whether后面跟or(not)或todo连用时用whether3.从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的,缺成分的。由wh-连词或how引导在从句中作成分。连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。Whowillgomakesnodifference.Thatiswherehewasborn.Tellmewhathesaid.特殊情况：1.在seem,appear后的表语从句中可接that引导的从句,而look则不可.2.这三个词后都可用asif/asthough引导从句.Itseems/appearsthathewaslateforthetrainyesterday.Itseems/appears/looksasifwehavetogohomeonfoot.II．引导词的选择1.____ wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____ wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,that D.That,what2.Itworriedherabit ____herhairwasturninggrey.A．whileB．thatC．if D．for3.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．A．whenB．howC．whetherD．why4．madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A．What…becauseB．What…thatC．That…whatD．That…because找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。1.主语从句可以用it（作形式主语）来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)Itisclear/certain/likely/true/adj.that…Itiscertainthathewillcometoseeme.(B)Itisapity/shame/goodidea/nowonder/n.that...Itisashamethathedidn’tpasstheexam.（C）Itissaid/reported/believed/known/thought/suggestedthat…ItissaidthatBrazilwillwinintheWorldCup.（D）Itseems/happensthat…Itseemsthathehasfinishedhishomework.2.宾语从句可以用it（作形式宾语）来替换的句型为：主语＋谓语＋it＋adj./n.＋从句如： Ithinkitnecessarythatwehavethemeeting．Hewillbelievewhateverotherssay.（不能用nomatterwhat代替whatever）Whateverotherssay,hewillbelieveit.（可以用nomatterwhat代替whatever）规律五：whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however等与nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwho,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhow的区别:前者既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而nomatter加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof____sharesherinterests.A.anyone B.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2.____muchadviceIgavehim,hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Nomatter3.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.A.however B.whateverC.whichever D.whenever另外，在名词性从句的复习过程中，我们还须特别注意以下问题：填空:Thereason____wedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导,不能用because引导,但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that引导。whythat名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.--Hehasdone________hecantohelpme.WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.--________Iwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.allthatAllthat3.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished.____________breaksthelawistobepunished.4.Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost.Hewillgivethedictionaryto__________needsitmost.5.We’llrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.We’llremember______________weturnedtoforhelp.Anyonewhoanyonewhoanyone(whom)6.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo____________hewantsthemtodo.7.I’llreadwhicheverbookyougiveme.I’llread____ofthe books_____ yougiveme.anythingthatanythat巩固练习1.Thequestionis____ thefilmisworthseeing．A．if B．whatC．whetherD．how2.Oneofthemenheldtheview ____thebooksaidwasright．A．thatwhatB．WhatthatC．that D．whether3.Dr.BlackcomesfromeitherOxfordorCambridge,Ican'tremember ____.A．whereB．thereC．whichD．that4.Energyis ____makesthingswork．A．WhatB．everythingC．something D．anything5.Thereason ____Ihavetogois_____mymotherisillinbed．A.why;why B.why;becauseC.why;that D.that;because6.Hedoesn'tthinkthequestion____theyaremenorwomenisimportant．A.whether  B.if          C.which D.why7.Iaskher_______comewithme.ifshewillB.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe8._______hesaidistrue.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether9.Canyoutellme________?whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman10.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom_______.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein11.Togetthejobstarted,_______Ineedissomemoney.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat12.Ihavenoidea_______fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.it'sD.that13.Canyoutellme_______therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto14.Doyouknow_______?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis15._______youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This16.Theyhavenoideaatall________.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone17.Theywanttoknow_________dotohelpus.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey18.Thesephotographswillshowyou_______.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike19.Canyoumakesure________thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput20.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That21.Goandgetyourcoat.It's________youleftit.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere22._______hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter23.—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat_________youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo________Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever25.—Doyouremember________hecame?—Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if26.________we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where27.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild________heorshewants.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever28.________youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether29.Youcan'timagine________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited30.________causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where31.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._________Igotwetthrough.It'sthereasonB.That'swhyC.There'swhyD.It'show32.Itwasamatterof________wouldtaketheposition.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever33.________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever34.Itwas_______hesaid_______disappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what35.Eat________cakeyoulikeandleavetheothersfor________comesinlate.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoeverGood-bye!1.误：Idon'tknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.误：IhavenoideawhathadhappenedwhenIwasaway.正：Idon'tknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.正：IhavenoideawhathappenedwhenIwasaway.3.误：Thereasonisbecauseheisill.4.误：Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.正：Thereasonisthatheisill.正：Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.　5.Myideaisthatwemustdoourhomeworkfirst.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.　　Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.Myideaisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkfirst.Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot…...规律五：注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用！(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。①“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”或“could(should)+have+过去分词”。如：Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswer.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形或是动词原形。如：Shesuggestedwe(should)leavehereatonce.Thedoctororderedshe(should)beoperatedon.（2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”。如：Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingiswonderful.Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.（3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should+动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.Itwasapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless.Itwillbedesired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：Itispitythatyoucan’tswim.