高二英语情态动词与高考PPT教学课件

情态动词与高考(复习课)一、情态动词的基本特征:情态动词本身有词义，表示说话的语气或情态，但不能单独在句中作谓语，只能同动词原形一道构成句子谓语，它们没有人称和数的变化，大多用于所有人称。二、常见的情态动词：can/could,beableto,may/might,must,haveto,need,dare/dared,should,oughtto,shall,will/would,三、情态动词考点分布情况：㈠、常见情态动词的基本用法：can/could：“能、会”“可以”（用于现在、过去和将来三　　　　　　　　　种时态）can’t/couldn’t：“不能、不可以”beableto：“能、会”（用于多种时态）may/might：“可以（=can/could）”must：“必须、一定”（表主观看法，）haveto：“必须、不得不”（表客观需要，有人称、数、时态的变化）mustn‘t：“一定不、千万不”表禁止之意needn't=don'thaveto：“不必”1.Acomputer_______thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.(91)A.can'tB.couldn'tC.maynotD.mightnot2.--Willyoustayforlunch?(99)--Sorry,______.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn'tB.Ican'tC.Ineedn'tD.Iwon't3.--CouldIborrowyourdictionary?--Yes,ofcourseyou_________.(92)A.mightB.willC.canD.should4.Johnny,you________playwiththeknife,you________hurtyourself.(96)A.won't;can'tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn't;mustD.can't;shouldn't√√√√5.How______yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may(2001上海)6.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_______beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will（2003）7.–Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.(2004江苏)--You_________.I’mnotaskingyouforit.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t8.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry_______beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.（2004上海）A.mustB.mayC.canD.need√√√√9.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_______getout.(97)A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto注意：could：表过去的能力作“能、会”讲时，可与was/wereableto互换，但在表示过去经过努力才完成的事情时（即：managedtodosth.），只用was/wereableto，不可用could；√2、shall：用作情态动词：A、用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议；--ShallTom/Isweepthefloortoday?--Ok./That'sagoodidea.B、用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的“命令”“禁止”“警告”“许诺”“威胁”等。如：YoushalldoasIsay.（=must表命令）Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.（表警告）Tellhimthatheshallgetthebooktomorrow.(许诺）10.–Theroomissodirty.__________wecleanit?--Ofcourse.(2003北京春)A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do√3.should的用法①.should=oughtto：应当、应该（表义务、责任）Youshouldn’tbesocareless.你不应当这样粗心大意。②.should：“竟然”表惊奇、遗憾等Itisastonishingthatweshouldfindviolencehere.我们这儿竟然有有暴力行为，真令人震惊。③.should：可能、该（表可能性、推测或推论）TheyshouldhavearrivedinBeijingbythistime.他们这时候应该已到北京了。Thereportiswrittenaftercarefulinvestigation,soitisshouldbereliable11.I'msurprisedthatyoushouldhavebeenfooledbysucha(an)______trick.（2001春）A.ordinaryB.easyC.smartD.simple12.It'snearlyseveno'clock.Jack_______behereatanymoment.(95)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can13.--WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.(98)--They________bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need14.I_______payTracyavisit,butI’mnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.（2004浙江）A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could√√√√④.should：“应该”（表虚拟）句型一：insist等+that-clause（“should+动词原形”或“动词原形”）能用此句型的动词有：二命令：order,command三建议：suggest,advise,propose四要求：require,request,demand,desire但是：insist（坚持说/坚持认为），suggest（暗示/表明）后的宾语从句用陈述语气。TheArabinsistedthathehadneverseenthecamel.Thedarkcloudssuggestthatitisgoingtorainsoon.㈡.can/could,may/might和must表推测：1、must：“一定是、准是”只用于肯定，其结构如下：must+动词原形：对现在情况的推测；must+bedoing：对现在情况的推测；must+havedone：对过去情况的推测；2、can/could：用于否定和疑问，can‘t/couldn’t+动词原形：“不可能……”can‘t/couldn’t+bedoing：“不可能在做……”can‘t/couldn’t+havedone：“不可能已经……”3、may/might：“也许、可能”用于肯定、否定，may/might+动词原形：may/might+havedone：may/mightnot+动词原形：may/mightnot+havedone：15.Peter______comewithustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.(93)A.mustB.mayC.canD.will16.--AreyoucomingtoJeff'sparty?(2000)--I'mnotsure.I_____gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might17.Ididn'thearthephone.I________asleep.(89)A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen18.--Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.(95)--It_________acomfortablejourney.A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeen19.--Doyouthinkourbasketballersplayedverywellyesterday?--____.（2001上海）A.TheywerenotnervousatallB.TheywerestillyoungC.TheyplayednaturallyD.Theycouldn'thavedonebetter√√√√√20.–IsJohncomingbytrain?（2002）--Heshould,buthe___not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may21.Naturally,afterItoldherwhattodo,mydaughter_____goanddotheopposite!(2003春)A.mayB.canC.mustD.should22.–Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.--It_______truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.mustC.couldD.would(2002北京)23.You________betired;you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(2004)A.mustnotB.won’tC.can’tD.maynot24.–Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?--Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit_______be.A.mightB.willC.mustD.can(2004湖北)25.–Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?(2004安徽)--No,it____behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot√√√√√√注意：must/can/may表推测时，其反意疑问句的构成如下：Hemustbeintheclassroom,isn'the?Hemusthaveseenthefilm,hasn'the?Hemusthaveseenthefilmlastmonth,didn'the?㈢、情态动词表虚拟时的结构情态动词后接完成体的四个句型：①、could/mighthavedone：“本来可以……”②、should/oughttohavedone：“本应该……”③、shouldnot/oughtnottohavedone：“本不该……”④、needn'thavedone：“本不必……”注意：以上四个结构都指过去的情况,表并未如此,在客观陈述事实时要用一般过去时.26.SorryI'mlate.I_______haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will（2000春）27.--IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.(98)--Oh,didyou?You____withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed28.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI______forher.(94)A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout29.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_____homewithoutaword.A.mustn'tleaveB.shouldn'thaveleft(2001)C.couldn'thaveleftD.needn'tleave30.Tomoughtnotto_____meyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.A.havetoldB.tellC.betellingD.havingtold(93)√√√√√2.含if条件句的复合句中：句型一：If（过去式/were），主句(should/would/could/might+动原)“愿意、会/能/也许”句型二：If（haddone），主句(should/would/could/might+havedone)“愿意、会/能/也许”31.Ifmylawyer____herelastSaturday,he____mefromgoing.(89)A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented32.--Ifhe_______,he_______thatfood.(93)--Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken√√33.Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrother.(94)A.hascomeD.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome34.Youdidn'tletmedrive.Ifwe_____inturn,you_____sotired.(96)A.drove;didn'tgetB.drove;wouldn'tgetC.weredriving;wouldn'tgetD.haddriven;wouldn'thavegot35.Withoutelectricityhumanlife______quitedifferenttoday.(91)A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe√√√可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare情态动词(+动词原形)行为动词.needdare1.无人称和数的变化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中;*在if/whether之后;*或与hardly,never,noone,nobody连用;3.常以needn’t和daren’t的形式出现;4.dare有其过去时dared.多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing注意对need问句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thavetoneedn’t对其它情态动词的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,you__________.--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.needn’t(don’thaveto)needn’t(don’thaveto)表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测must对将来对现在对过去情态动词may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用not表示“可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing自读课文，边读边画出作者游览的景点，看看作者是按什么顺序游览的，作者的游览路线是怎样的。路上外洞孔隙内洞出洞自读课文，边读边画出作者游览的景点，看看作者是按什么顺序游览的，作者的游览路线是怎样的。路上外洞孔隙内洞出洞在洞口抬头望，山相当高，突兀森郁，很有气势。洞口像桥洞似的，很宽。走进去，仿佛到了个大会堂，周围是石壁，头上是高高的石顶，在那里聚集一千或是八百人开个会，一定不觉得拥挤。泉水靠着洞口的右边往外流。这是外洞。怎样小的小船呢？两个人并排仰卧，刚合适，再没法容第三个人，是这样小的小船。我怀着好奇的心情独个儿仰卧在小船里，自以为从后脑到肩背，到臀部，到脚跟，没有一处不贴着船底了，才说一声“行了”，船就慢慢移动。我怀着好奇的心情独个儿仰卧在小船里，自以为从后脑到肩背，到臀（tún）部，到脚跟，没有一处不贴着船底了，才说一声“行了”，船就慢慢移动。眼前昏暗了，可是还能感觉左右和上方的山石似乎都在朝我挤压过来。我又感觉要是把头稍微抬起一点儿，准会撞破额角，擦伤鼻子。我怀着()独个儿仰卧在小船里，()从后脑到肩背，到臀（tún）部，到脚跟，()不贴着船底了，才说一声“行了”，船就慢慢移动。眼前昏暗了,()还能感觉左右和上方的山石似乎都在朝我()过来。我又感觉要是把头()抬起一点儿，()撞破额角,擦伤鼻子。好奇的心情自以为没有一处可是挤压稍微准会虽说是孔隙，可也容得下一只小船进出。怎样小的小船呢？两个人并排仰卧，刚合适，再没法容第三个人，是这样小的小船。船两头都系着绳子，管理处的工人先进内洞，在里边拉绳子，船就进去。在外洞的工人拉另一头的绳子，船就出来。小并排刚拉拉小船再没法内外洞有石屏相隔，仅通水道，长十余米，宽三米多。内外洞的相隔与相通，形成了双龙洞最鲜明的特色。古诗有云：“洞中有洞洞中泉，欲觅泉源卧小船。”如欲观赏，惟有平卧小舟，仰面擦崖逆水而入，不得稍有抬头，有惊而无险，妙趣横生，堪称游览方式之一绝，有“水石奇观”之誉。孔隙一段的写作特点：通过描写船小及作者的感受写出孔隙的特点。（借其他事物描写本事物）洞内钟乳石、石笋众多，造型奇特，布局巧妙，有“黄龙吐水”、“倒挂金钟”、“彩云遮月”、“天马行空”、“海龟探海”、“龟蛇共生”、“青蛙盗仙草”、“寿星与仙桃”……幻化多变，使人目不暇接，宛若置身水晶龙宫。洞内景观黄龙青龙避水金针拓展-写好游记应做到：1.按游览顺序记叙，适当运用过渡句，使文章条理清楚，结构严谨。2.抓住景物特点进行具体细致的描写。3.在对景物的描写中，表达自己的真实感受。