中高考英语语法宾语从句

Mayyousucceed!!!PrintedbyAngel第PAGE1页DATE\@"M/d/yyyy"8/8/2014透析 英语 关于好奇心的名言警句英语高中英语词汇下载高中英语词汇 下载英语衡水体下载小学英语关于形容词和副词的题 语法宾语从句考点【语法概说】【宾语从句命题趋势】中高考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1.引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2.宾语从句的语序；3.宾语从句的时态。     【语法回顾】宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。一．连接词1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。由how构成的词组：howmany,howlong例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.Ican'timaginewhyhedidthatthing．Doyouknowwhywehaveputoffthesportsmeettillnextmonth?Howmuchdoesthiscoatcost?Iwanttoknowhowmuchthiscoatcosts．Wheredidyougoyesterday?Pleasetellmewhereyouwentyesterday★当疑问代词what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。What'swrongwithyou?Heaskedthegirlwhatwaswrongwithher．What'sthematter?Heaskedthegirlwhatwasthematter．Whathashappenedtohim?Wewanttoknowwhathashappenedtohim．同类句式还有：Whobrokethewindow?Whoisintheclassroom?Whatmadehimsoangry．3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“是否”，二者通常可以互换。例如：Lilyaskedif/whethershelikedit.Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.但语义有点区别：whether可引导各种名词性从名和让步状语从句，if只能引导宾语从句和条件状语从句，由if引导的从句，首先要弄清楚是宾语从句，还是条件状语从句，然后再确定时态。若是引导条件状语从句，谓语动词应用一般现在（过去）时代替一般将来（过去将来）时。例如：Ifyoudon'tgosoon,you’llbelate.当if引导一个非真实条件句时，从句的谓语动词应用过去式（如果是be,则不论主语的人称和数，一律用were）,主句谓语动词用“would+动词原形”。例如：Ifeveryoneinthecountryknewfirstaid,manyliveswouldbesaved.。在具有选择意义又有or或ornot时，尤其是直接与ornot连用时，往往用whether例如：Canyoutellmewhetherornotthetrainhasleft?(=Canyoutellmewhetherthetrainhasleftornot?)Idon'tcareifyourcarbreaksdownornot.3）下列情况，只用whether作引导词：引导主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句、让步状语从句。例如：Whetherhecomesornotdoesn'tconcernme.WhatIwanttoknowiswhetheryoucanhelpme.Whetherwegoorstay,theresultisthesame.4）与不定式连用：例如：Idon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.5）在介词后作介宾。例如：Iamnotinterestedinwhetheryouliketheplanornot.注意：宾语从句与形式宾语it当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句移至句末：IthinkiteasytoforustolearnEnglishwell.Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.Hehasn’tmadeitknownwhenheisgoingtogetmarried.二．think，believe，suppose，imagine，guess等表示“认为”、“猜想”等的动词后的宾语从句1）否定转移在以上动词之后的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定含义，却不用否定形式，而把主句中的上述动词变为否定形式，这就叫否定转移。Idon'tthinkthebookisworthbuying．Idon'tbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirwork．Idon'tsupposehecares．Wedon'texpecttheywillhaveeverythingdone．2）存在这种否定转移现象的句子在作反意疑问句时，具有如下特点：★如果主句主语是第一人称时，反意疑问词部分的主语和时态要与宾语从句保持一致，并注意否定转移。Idon'tthinkyouareanactor，areyou?IsupposeyouhavebeentoBeijing，haven'tyou?★在宾语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，imagine，guess等，主句主语是第一人称以外的人称时，反意疑问句应针对主句。Youdon'tthinkhecanfinishhiswork,doyou?Hedoesn'tbelievethatwehavecomeback，doeshe?★另外，当think，suppose，believe，imaging，guess这类表示“认为”、“猜想”的动词作主句谓语时，常会出现一种以疑问词起头的双重疑问句。Whatdoyouthinkheis?你认为他是做什么的?HowmuchtimedoyousupposeImustspendonit?三.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.四.宾语从句的时态1．若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，则从句的时态不限可视句子意义使用所需要的任何时态。例如：Weallknowchickencan'tswim.Don'tyouthinkJimisspeakingtooquick.Hesayshewillcomeback.2．若主句是祈使句，从句谓语动词也可用所需要的任何时态。例如：Showmewhichpictureisyours.Pleasetelluswherewewillgo.3．若主句是一般过去时，从句必须用过去时态的某一种。例如：Iknewshehadswepttheflooralready.HeaskedifIwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimeyesterday.4．若从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时，则不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时。例如：Ourteachertolduslighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.Theyknewthesunismuchbiggerthantheearththen.Hesaidthatoneandonemakestwo.五．简化宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththeletter.（改为简单句）（2011年山东烟台）Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.Shedidn’tdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.Pleasetellmewhomyou’llgivetheletterto.六．问：宾语从句属于名词性从句吗？什么是名词性从句？【语法过关】1．---Couldyoutellushowlong______? ---Aboutthreedays.A.doesthesportsmeetinglastB.thesportsmeetinglastC.willthesportsmeetinglastD.thesportsmeetingwilllast2．Iwanttoknow______,A.whatishisnameBwhat'shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis3．Parentsaretaughttounderstand_____importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.(2004广东卷)A.thatB.howC.suchD.so4．Iwonder_______theywillcomeherewithtomorrow.A.whetherB.whenC.whoD.how5．-Couldyoutellme______?-I'mnotsure.A.howmanypeoplehavebeenoutofhospitalB.whenisThanksgivingC.whichanimaldoeshelikebestD.whattimewillthedolphinshowstart6.-CanIhelpyou?-Yes.I'dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme______taketogetthere?A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit7．.---Couldyouletmeknow___________yesterday?---Becausethetrafficwasheavy.A.whydidyoucomelateB.whyyoucamelateC.whydoyoucomelateD.whyyoucomelate8．Acomputercanonlydo_________youhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when9．Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat________Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.as       B.which       C.what    D.that10．IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow____I'vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknoteA.whichB.whyC.whatD.how【参考 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 】1．D宾语从句用陈述句语序。2．D宾语从句用陈述句语序。3．B题干中的“_____importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture”应理解为：education为主语，important是is的表语；totheirchildren’sfuture是状语，所以空格处应为how修饰important。其实这个宾语从句是一个感叹句。4．C后面的"with"决定了用"who"。5．A宾语从句用陈述句语序。6.Chowsoon一般用于指某事过多久后或到什么时候才发生，howlong一般用于指某事需持续多长时间。7.Byesterday表明宾语从句应用一般过去时，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。8．C。分析本句的结构可知，空白处应填的连词应作宾语从句中动词不定式中动词do的宾语。所以，该连接词应是连接代词。故应选C。9．C。介词at之后是宾语从句，其中Ithought是插入语。也可以把what分解为aspeedthat…10．Cwhat引导宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作短语beupto的宾语。Choosetherightanswer1.Heaskedme___Ineededsomemoremeat.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.whether2.Iamsure_____herdreamwillcometrue.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.whether3.I’veforgot_______yougaveherasabirthdaygift.A.whatB.whenC.thatDwhere4.Tellme_______youwillgowithusorstayathome.A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.how5.----Ineverknow_______heis.----Heissaidtobeadoctor.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.where6.----Idon’tknow______MrGreenwillcometoseeus.-----HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where7.Longlongago,peopledidn’tknowthattheearth______aroundthesun.A.movesB.movedC.wetD.moving8.Ican’tunderstand_____theboyalone.A.whyhadsheleftB.whyshehadleftC.whysheleftD.whydidsheleave9.Canyoutellme____duringthecomingholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid10.Heasked____.A.whoisshewaitingforB.whosheiswaitingforC.whowasshewaitingforD.whoshewaswaitingfor11.Ifit____finetomorrow,Iwillgoforawalk,ButIdon’tknowifmyfriend____,too.A.is,willgoB.willbe,goesC.is,goesD.willbe,willgo12.Doyouknowif_____backnextweek?Ifhe____back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.willhecome,comes13.Wethinksheisgoingtoworkinaradiostation,______.A.isn’tsheB.issheC.don’tweD.dowe14.Idon’tthinkshewillsurfontheinternet,__________?A.doIB.don’tIC.won’tsheD.willshe15.A:I'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?B:Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what16.A:Couldyoutellme________?B:I'mnotsure.A.howmanypeoplehavebeenoutofhospitalB.whenisThanksgivingDayC.whichanimaldoeshelikebestD.whattimewillthedolphinshowstart17.Thestudentsarestudyinghard,fortheyknow________.A.whataretheystudyingforB.whataretheystudyingC.whattheyarestudyingforD.whattheyarestudyingr18.Ican’tdecide____Ishouldgotoseeherornot.A.ifB.whenC.whereD.whether19.Canyoutellus_____willbeonStarsearchnextweek?A.ifB.whenC.whoD.where20.Itakebackthewords______Isaid.A.whatB.thatC.whoDwhether21.Itakeback______Isaid.A.whatB.thatC.whoDwhether例1　Acomputercanonlydo _____youhaveinstructedittodo.A.how  B.after　　　　C.what      D.when例2　Marywroteanarticleon_____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.why       B.what　　　　　C.who  　　D.that例3　Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor________hethoughtwasnotenough.A.where     B.how　　　　　C.what      D.which例4　Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto.A.inwhich  B.inwhat     C.fromwhat 　D.fromwhich例5　Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning_____histeammateshaddone.A.what      B.which　　　　　C.why       D.while例6　Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike例7　Thebosswentuptoask_____.A.whatthematterwas　B.what’sthematterC.whatwasthematter　D.whatthematteris例8　Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets________.A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked例9　Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleave　　　　C.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例10　—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon?—No,butsometimesIwishI_________.A.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto例11　I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.A.expected     　B.toexpect　　　　C.tobeexpecting 　D.expects例12　ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows________.A.itwhattodowith    B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit    D.todowhatwithit例13　Themotherdidn’tknow_____toblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.who  B.when     C.how       D.what例14　Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept________helphecanget.A.whichever  B.howeverC.whatever     D.whenever例15　_____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.Who   B.Theone         C.Anyone  D.Whoever例16　I’dappreciate_______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.that   B.it          C.this   D.you例17　—Idon’tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSA______you?—______.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.A.had;Yes    　B.do;Yes　　　　　C.have;No    　D.were;No例18　Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_______hewasamanofaction.A.which      B.that　　　　C.what      D.whether例题解析：例1解析：待选项在从句中充当todo的宾语，故选C。例2解析：由于从句中句意清楚，结构完整，故可排除B、C项；D项用于宾语从句时只起引导词的作用，无词义，同时不充当任何成分，而题干上下文表示因果关系，故选A。例3解析：根据句子结构，for后面的从句缺少主语，故答案为C。例4解析：答案为C。本题为词组bedifferentfrom后跟what引导的宾语从句，不要误看作定语从句而选D。例5解析：由句式结构可知mention后为宾语从句；do作实意动词时为及物动词，故空格处需要既能作do的宾语，又能引导宾语从句的连词，答案为A。例6解析：B项是特殊疑问句语序，有悖于宾语从句的陈述语序；C、D项句法、句意均不妥；A项是陈述句语序，故正确。例7解析：A项易被判断成陈述句语序，颇具迷惑性。实际上，从句中的what作主语，was为系动词，thematter是表语。B、D项时态错误，C项正确。例8解析：本题主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句中的事件先于主句的事件发生，且是被动，故选B。例9解析：根据关键词soon可知动作尚未发生，又因主句谓语动词made为过去时，故选B。例10解析：答案为D。wish后接宾语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟形式。例11解析：宾语从句减缩式“疑问词+不定式”是解题关键。选项C是不定式的进行时，强调动作“正在进行”，不符合题意，故选B。例12解析：“疑问词+不定式”作及物动词know的宾语，选项中it代替了theland，故正确答案为C。例13解析：B、C、D项的疑问词用错，故选A。例14解析：本题考查的引导词引导宾语从句，同时作get的宾语。B、D两项在句中是作状语的；由于没有给出明确的指代物，故A项也不合适；答案为C。例15解析：whoever=anyone（anybody/anyperson/he）who，答案为D。例16解析：答案为B。某些动词和动词短语（如appreciate，like，hate，seeto等）后面不能直接带从句，往往需先插入it再带that，if或when引导的从句。例17解析：本句带有推测的意味，疑问部分的谓语不能用情态动词。couldhavebeen表示对过去的推测，故疑问部分的谓语应用were与之对应，应选D。例18解析：因从句hewasamanofaction为主系表结构，且表达肯定意义，不缺少句子成分，故选B项。类型一：引导词的运用（1）Idon’tknow___________ornot．A．whetherheisathome　B．ifheisathomeC．thatheisathome　D．whetherisheathome（2）Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine．　　A．which　　　B．whether　　　C．if　　　　　D．that（3）Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin．　　A．which　　　B．where　　　C．if　　　　　D．that（4）Idon’tknow________Mr．Greenwillcometoseeus．He’llhelpuswithourEnglish．　　A．why　　　　　B．when　　　C．how　　　　D．where（5）－－Becareful！Don’tbreakthebottles．Doyouhear______Isaid?David?　－－Yes，Mum　　A．what　B．that　C．why　D．if（6）－－－Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?－－－HemayliveatNO．18orNo．19ofBridgeStreet．I’mnotsureof______．　　A．where，which　　　B．where，what　　C．what，which　　D．what，where（7）Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo．Ireallydon’tknow_____．　　A．whatshouldIchoose　　　　　　　B．whichIshouldchoose　　C．whichshouldIchoose　　　　　　D．whatIshouldchoose类型二：宾语从句的语序（1）　Didyoufindout______?　　A．shewaslookingforwhosechild　　　B．whosechildwasshelookingfor　　C．whosechildsheislookingfor　　　　D．whosechildshewaslookingfor（2）　Areyouinterestedin_____?　　A．howdidhedoit　　B．hedidithow　C．howhedidit　D．hehowdidit（3）　Idon’tknow_____．Canyoutellme?　　A．howthetwoplayersareold　　　　　B．howoldarethetwoplayers　　C．thetwoplayersarehowold　　　　　D．howoldthetwoplayersare（4）　－－－Whatdidthescientistsay?　　－－－Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday．　　A．hehadtofly　　B．hecouldfly　　C．canhefly　　D．couldhefly（5）　Excuseme，sir．Couldyoutellme____?　　A．Wherethebanknearest　　　　　　　B．whereisthenearestbank　　C．wherethenearestbankis　　　　　D．thenearestbankiswhere（6）SheaskedTom________withhiscar?　　A．whatthematterwas　　　　　　　　B．whatthematteris　　C．whatwasthematter　　　　　　　　D．whatisthematter类型三：时态（）1It’s7：30．Ican’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet，Sally．　　A．haven’tstarted　B．didn’t　C．don’tstart　D．hadn’tstarted（）2　TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25____ChristmasDay．A．is　　　B．was　　　C．hasbeen　　　　　　　D．willbe（）3Theteachersaidthattheearth_______roundthesun．　　A．goes　　B．go　C．went　D．willgo（）4　We’dliketotellyouthatyou______theexam．　　A．havepassed　　B．hadpassed　　　C．pass　　　　　D．willpass（）5　　“Couldyoutellme______?”“Yes．They____tothelibrary．”　　A．wherearethetwins，havebeen　　B．wherewerethetwins，havebeen　　C．wherethetwinsare，havegone　　D，wherethetwinswere，havegone（）6　　Ourfathersaidthathe______anewcomputernextweek．　　A．willbuy　B．havebought　　C．wouldbuy　D．buys（）7　Ihearthathe______toBeijingyesterday．　　A．goes　　B．willgo　　C．went　　D．havegone类型四：其他－－－反意疑问句，it做形式宾语（）1．Idon’tthinkheisright，__________?　　A．isn’the　　　　B．ishe　　　　C．doI　　　　D．don’tI（）2．Hebelievessheisright，__________?　　A．doesn’the　　　　B．doeshe　　　　C．isshe　　　　D．isn’tshe（）3．Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball，__________?　　A．didn’the　　　　B．didhe　　　　C．didI　　　　D．didn’tI（）4．Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday．　　A．it　　　　　　B．this　　　　　C．that　　　　　D．what（）5．Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift．　　A．howtheywereexcited　　　　　　　　B．howexcitedtheywere　　C．howexcitedwerethey　　　　　　　　　D．theywerehowexcited真题　　1．—Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?　　—Theyalwaysletmedo________IthinkIshould．　（06全国Ⅱ）　　A．when　　　　B．that　　　　　C．how　　　　　D．what　　2．　Pleaseremindme_________hesaidhewasgoing．Imaybeintimetoseehimoff．　　A．where　　　　B．when　　　　　C．how　　　　　D．what　　（06全国Ⅰ）　　3．　Marywroteanarticleon　　　　theteamhadfailedtowinthegame．（05全国卷）　　A．whyB．whatC．whoD．that　　4．SomeoneisringingthedoorbellGoandsee________．（2000上海）　　A．whoishe　　　B．whoheis　　C．whoisit　　D．whoitis　　5．　——Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime．　　——Whatdoyouconsider_______toher?（NMET1990）　　A．washappening　　　B．tohappen　　C．hashappened　　D．happening　　答案类型一：ABABACB类型二DCDBCC类型三AAAACCC类型四BAAAB高考题DBADC