AATCC 127-2008

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The hard copy print may only be distributed to other employees for their internal use within your organization. This test method is not for resale. Copyright © 2007 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists ݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ̸» ß³»®·½¿² ß­­±½·¿¬·±² ±º Ì»¨¬·´» ݸ»³·­¬­ ¿²¼ ݱ´±®·­¬­ Ю±ª·¼»¼ ¾§ ×ØÍ «²¼»® ´·½»²­» ©·¬¸ ßßÌÝÝ Ò±¬ º±® λ­¿´»Ò± ®»°®±¼«½¬·±² ±® ²»¬©±®µ·²¹ °»®³·¬¬»¼ ©·¬¸±«¬ ´·½»²­» º®±³ ×ØÍ ó ó À ô ô À À À ô ô ô ô À À À À ó À ó À ô ô À ô ô À ô À ô ô À ó ó ó ßßÌÝÝ Ì»½¸²·½¿´ Ó¿²«¿´ñîððè ÌÓ ïîéóîððí îðé Ü»ª»´±°»¼ ·² ïçêè ¾§ ßßÌÝÝ Ý±³³·¬ó ¬»» Îßêíå ®»¿ºº·®³»¼ ïçéïô ïçéìô ïçééô ïçèðô ïçèçô îððíå »¼·¬±®·¿´´§ ®»ª·­»¼ ïçèîô ïçèêô îððêå »¼·¬±®·¿´´§ ®»ª·­»¼ ¿²¼ ®»¿ºº·®³»¼ ïçèëå ®»ª·­»¼ ïççëô ïççèò λ´¿¬»¼ ¬± ×ÍÑ èïïò ïò Ы®°±­» ¿²¼ ͽ±°» 1.1 This test method measures the re- sistance of a fabric to the penetration of water under hydrostatic pressure. It is ap- plicable to all types of fabrics, including those treated with a water resistant or wa- ter repellent finish. 1.2 Water resistance depends on the re- pellency of the fibers and yarns, as well as the fabric construction. 1.3 The results obtained by this method may not be the same as the results ob- tained by the AATCC methods for resis- tance to rain or water spray. îò Ю·²½·°´» 2.1 One surface of the test specimen is subjected to a hydrostatic pressure, in- creasing at a constant rate, until three points of leakage appear on its other sur- face. The water may be applied from above or below the test specimen. íò Ì»®³·²±´±¹§ 3.1 hydrostatic pressure, n.—the force distributed over an area exerted by water. 3.2 water resistance, n.—of fabric, the characteristic to resist wetting and penetration by water. 3.3 water repellency, n.—of fabric, in textiles, the characteristic of fiber, yarn, or fabric to resist wetting. ìò Í¿º»¬§ Ю»½¿«¬·±²­ NOTE: These safety precautions are for information purposes only. The pre- cautions are ancillary to the testing proce- dures and are not intended to be all inclu- sive. It is the user’s responsibility to use safe and proper techniques in handling materials in this test method. Manufac- turers MUST be consulted for specific details, such as material safety data sheets and other manufacturer’s recommenda- tions. All OSHA standards and rules must also be consulted and followed. 4.1 Good laboratory practices should be followed. Wear safety glasses in all laboratory areas. 4.2 Manufacturer’s safety recommen- dations should be followed when operat- ing laboratory testing equipment. ëò ß°°¿®¿¬«­ ¿²¼ Ó¿¬»®·¿´­ 5.1 Hydrostatic Tester. 5.1.1 For Option 1, Hydrostatic Pres- sure Tester (see 11.1). 5.1.2 For Option 2, Hydrostatic Head Tester (see 11.2). 5.2 Water, distilled or de-ionized. êò Ì»­¬ Í°»½·³»²­ 6.1 A minimum of three fabric speci- mens should be taken diagonally across the width of the fabric to be representa- tive of the material. Cut specimens at least 200 I 200 mm to allow proper clamping. 6.2 Handle the specimens as little as possible and avoid folding or contaminat- ing the area to be tested. 6.3 Condition the test specimens at 21 ± 2°C (70 ± 5°F) air at 65 ± 2% RH for at least 4 h before testing. 6.4 The surface of the fabric to be ex- posed to water must be specified because different results may be obtained on the face and the back. Identify that surface on a corner of each specimen. éò Ю±½»¼«®» 7.1 Verify the water in contact with the test specimen is regulated at 21 ± 2°C (70 ± 5°F) (see 10.3). 7.2 Dry the clamping surface. 7.3 Clamp the specimen with the surface to be tested facing the water (see 11.5). 7.4 Operation. 7.4.1 Option 1 Hydrostatic Pressure Tester (see 11.1). 7.4.1.1 Turn on the motor, press the le- ver to raise the overflow device at the rate of 10 mm/s, and close the air vent as soon as water flows from it. 7.4.2 Option 2 Hydrostatic Head Tester (see 11.2). 7.4.2.1 Select the gradient of 60 mbar/ min, press the start button (see 11.4). 7.5 Disregarding water droplets that appear within approximately 3 mm adja- cent to the edge of the specimen clamp- ing ring, record the hydrostatic pressure at the moment water droplets penetrate the fabric in three different places. èò Ý¿´½«´¿¬·±² 8.1 Calculate the average hydrostatic pressure for each sample. çò λ°±®¬ 9.1 Results for each specimen and the average for each sample. 9.2 The material and the side tested. 9.3 Water temperature and type. 9.4 Gradient (rate of increasing water pressure). 9.5 Tester option used. 9.6 Any modification to the method. ïðò Ю»½·­·±² ¿²¼ Þ·¿­ 10.1 Precision. The test results are tester dependent. Precision statements for each tester are given in 10.2 and 10.3. 10.2 Suter Hydrostatic Pressure Tester (Option 1). 10.2.1 In 1993, a limited interlabora- tory study was completed, which in- cluded six laboratories, two operators in each, running determinations on three specimens of two fabrics. No prior as- sessment was made of the relative level of the participating laboratories on per- formance of the test method. 10.2.2 The two fabrics were at differ- ent levels (Fabric 1 approximately 810 mm and Fabric 2 approximately 340 mm), and residual variances of the two fabrics were found to be different. Ac- cordingly, precision is reported separately for each fabric. 10.2.3 Users of the method are advised of the limited nature of this study and ad- vised to apply these findings with due caution. 10.2.4 Analysis of the data sets for each fabric yielded components of vari- ance and critical differences as displayed in Tables I, II and III. Differences be- tween two averages of (N) determina- tions, for the appropriate precision pa- rameter, should reach or exceed the table value to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. ßßÌÝÝ Ì»­¬ Ó»¬¸±¼ ïîéóîððí É¿¬»® λ­·­¬¿²½»æ ا¼®±­¬¿¬·½ Ю»­­«®» Ì»­¬ Ì¿¾´» ׉ݱ³°±²»²¬­ ±º Ê¿®·¿²½» º±® Ì©± Ú¿¾®·½­ øÑ°¬·±² ï Ì»­¬»®÷ ݱ³°±²»²¬ Ê¿®·¿²½» Ú¿¾®·½ ï Ê¿®·¿²½» Ú¿¾®·½ î Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ ïíòìëð éòíîí Ñ°»®¿¬±® íòïîé îòïìë Í°»½·³»² íðòîëí ëòíèî Ì¿¾´» ×׉ڿ¾®·½ ï‰Ý®·¬·½¿´ Ü·ºº»®»²½»­ ‰ çëû ݱ²º·¼»²½» øÑ°¬·±² ï Ì»­¬»®÷ Ü»¬ ·² ߪ¹ øÒ÷ Í·²¹´» Ñ°»®¿¬±® É·¬¸·² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ Þ»¬©»»² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ ï ïëòîë ïêòðî ïèòçé î ïðòéè ïïòèì ïëòêï í èòèð ïðòðè ïìòíï ì éòêî çòðê ïíòêî ë êòèî èòðì ïíòïç Copyright © 2007 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists ݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ̸» ß³»®·½¿² ß­­±½·¿¬·±² ±º Ì»¨¬·´» ݸ»³·­¬­ ¿²¼ ݱ´±®·­¬­ Ю±ª·¼»¼ ¾§ ×ØÍ «²¼»® ´·½»²­» ©·¬¸ ßßÌÝÝ Ò±¬ º±® λ­¿´»Ò± ®»°®±¼«½¬·±² ±® ²»¬©±®µ·²¹ °»®³·¬¬»¼ ©·¬¸±«¬ ´·½»²­» º®±³ ×ØÍ óóÀôôÀÀÀôôôôÀÀÀÀóÀóÀôôÀôôÀôÀôôÀóóó îðè ÌÓ ïîéóîððí ßßÌÝÝ Ì»½¸²·½¿´ Ó¿²«¿´ñîððè 10.3 Textest FX3000 Hydrostatic Head Tester (Option 2). 10.3.1 In a single-laboratory study, six different laboratory technicians run deter- minations on three specimens of five ma- terials. 10.3.2 The five materials were at dif- ferent levels of approximately: A=103, B=33, C=37, D=12, and E=77. Data ob- tained in this study is recorded in milli- bars (SI standard). The residual variance of the five materials were found to be dif- ferent, therefore, precision is reported separately for each. 10.3.3 Analysis of the data sets for each material yielded critical differences as shown in Tables IV, V, VI, VII and VIII. Differences between two averages of (N) determinations, for the appropriate precision parameter, should reach or ex- ceed the table value to be statistically sig- nificant at the 95% confidence level. 10.3.4 Between laboratory precision has not been established for this option. Until such precision information is avail- able, users of this method should use standard statistical techniques in making any comparison of test results for be- tween laboratory averages. 10.4 Bias. 10.4.1 Water resistance of fabrics can only be defined in terms of a test method. There is no independent, referee method for determining the true value. This test method has no known bias. ïïò Ò±¬»­ 11.1 Hydrostatic Pressure Tester (Suter). 11.1.1 The apparatus consists essentially of an inverted conical well equipped with a coax- ial ring clamp to fasten the cloth specimen un- der the well bottom. The apparatus introduces water from above the specimen over an area 114 mm in diameter and at a rate of 10.0 ± 0.5 mm of hydrostatic head per second. A mirror is affixed below the specimen to enable the operator to ascertain penetration of the speci- men by drops of water. A valve is provided for venting the air in the well. 11.1.2 Hydrostatic testing apparatus of the type described is no longer available for sale. 11.2 Hydrostatic Head Tester (Textest). 11.2.1 Uses an electronically controlled pump to apply hydrostatic pressure at 60 mbar/min (selectable) to the bottom side of the fabric. A reservoir with a circular test area of 100 ± 5 cm2 (»4.5 in. diam) contains distilled or deionized water which is applied to the fabric surface. The fabric specimen is secured with a coaxial clamp which is equipped with viewing lamps to aid the operator in seeing the penetra- tion of water droplets. A digital readout dis- plays the pressure. An RS232 data port is provided to transfer the test results for storage and statistical analysis. 11.2.2 The Textest Hydrostatic Head Tester is available from Advanced Testing Instru- ments Corp., 203 Parksouth Dr., Greer SC 29651-7119; tel: 864/989-0566; fax: 864/989- 0567; e-mail: info@aticorporation.com. 11.3 Some laboratories use water at ambi- ent temperature. If testing is performed other than 21 ± 2°C, so state. 11.4 1 mbar = 1.02 cm H2O. 11.5 Lateral water leakage can be mini- mized by sealing the fabric with paraffin at the clamping area. Ì¿¾´» ××׉ڿ¾®·½ î‰Ý®·¬·½¿´ Ü·ºº»®»²½»­‰çëû ݱ²º·¼»²½» øÑ°¬·±² ï Ì»­¬»®÷ Ü»¬ ·² ߪ¹ øÒ÷ Í·²¹´» Ñ°»®¿¬±® É·¬¸·² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ Þ»¬©»»² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ ï êòìí éòêï ïðòêè î ìòëë êòïð çòêé í íòéï ëòëð çòíð ì íòîî ëòïè çòïî ë îòèè ìòçè çòðð Ì¿¾´» ×ʉӿ¬»®·¿´ ߉ݮ·¬·½¿´ Ü·ºº»®»²½»­‰çëû ݱ²º·¼»²½» øÑ°¬·±² î Ì»­¬»®÷ Ü»¬ ·² ߪ¹ øÒ÷ Í·²¹´» Ñ°»®¿¬±® É·¬¸·² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ ï éîòìç éîòìç î ëïòîê ëïòîê í ìïòèë ìïòèë ì íêòîë íêòîë ë íîòìî íîòìî Ì¿¾´» ʉӿ¬»®·¿´ މݮ·¬·½¿´ Ü·ºº»®»²½»­‰çëû ݱ²º·¼»²½» øÑ°¬·±² î Ì»­¬»®÷ Ü»¬ ·² ߪ¹ øÒ÷ Í·²¹´» Ñ°»®¿¬±® É·¬¸·² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ ï ïðòðè ïîòèë î éòïí çòðç í ëòèî éòìî ì ëòðì êòìí ë ìòëï ëòéë Ì¿¾´» Ê׉ӿ¬»®·¿´ ݉ݮ·¬·½¿´ Ü·ºº»®»²½»­‰çëû ݱ²º·¼»²½» øÑ°¬·±² î Ì»­¬»®÷ Ü»¬ ·² ߪ¹ øÒ÷ Í·²¹´» Ñ°»®¿¬±® É·¬¸·² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ ï ïêòïí ïêòïí î ïïòìð ïïòìð í çòíï çòíï ì èòðê èòðê ë éòîï éòîï Ì¿¾´» Ê×׉ӿ¬»®·¿´ ܉ݮ·¬·½¿´ Ü·ºº»®»²½»­‰çëû ݱ²º·¼»²½» øÑ°¬·±² î Ì»­¬»®÷ Ü»¬ ·² ߪ¹ øÒ÷ Í·²¹´» Ñ°»®¿¬±® É·¬¸·² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ ï îòèè íòëð î îòðì îòìé í ïòêê îòðî ì ïòìì ïòéë ë ïòîç ïòëé Ì¿¾´» Ê××׉ӿ¬»®·¿´ ۉݮ·¬·½¿´ Ü·ºº»®»²½»­‰çëû ݱ²º·¼»²½» øÑ°¬·±² î Ì»­¬»®÷ Ü»¬ ·² ߪ¹ øÒ÷ Í·²¹´» Ñ°»®¿¬±® É·¬¸·² Ô¿¾±®¿¬±®§ ï ïëòðì ïêòëë î ïðòêí ïïòéð í èòêè çòëë ì éòëî èòîé ë êòéî éòìð Copyright © 2007 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists ݱ°§®·¹¸¬ ̸» ß³»®·½¿² ß­­±½·¿¬·±² ±º Ì»¨¬·´» ݸ»³·­¬­ ¿²¼ ݱ´±®·­¬­ Ю±ª·¼»¼ ¾§ ×ØÍ «²¼»® ´·½»²­» ©·¬¸ ßßÌÝÝ Ò±¬ º±® λ­¿´»Ò± ®»°®±¼«½¬·±² ±® ²»¬©±®µ·²¹ °»®³·¬¬»¼ ©·¬¸±«¬ ´·½»²­» º®±³ ×ØÍ ó ó À ô ô À À À ô ô ô ô À À À À ó À ó À ô ô À ô ô À ô À ô ô À ó ó ó