06 英语语法课件（名词属格）

nullGenitive NounGenitive NounFormation, meanings and uses of genitive nouns Independent genitive and double genitive Formation of genitive nounsFormation of genitive nouns1. -’s (singular non-s ending) my mother's arrival women’s clothes Browning's poems a poor peasant's family the visitor's arrival the International Women's Day her children's toys the men's dormFormation of genitive nounsFormation of genitive nouns2. -’ (plural –s ending) the girls' dormitory a teachers’ college the workers' achievements the students' dormitory the teachers' reading-room the heroes' tombs -s ending nouns used as modifiers-s ending nouns used as modifiersTeachers' Training School far Nationalities Peasants' Amateur Performance Troupe Asian-Afro Journalists' Association Shanghai Teachers University Foreign Languages PressFormation of genitive nounsFormation of genitive nouns3. Compound nouns or a postmodified noun phrase my mother-in-law's death an hour and a half's talk somebody else's opinion the University of Minnesota's president the editor-in-chief's office my brother-in-law's friend Bryant and Brown's inquires a cat and dog's lifeFormation of genitive nounsFormation of genitive nouns4. Coordinate nouns Mary's and Bob’s books Mary and Bob's books America's and England's problems John's, Mary's and Jack's books Formation of genitive nounsFormation of genitive nouns5. NP + appositive Basel the bookseller’s Basel’s, the bookseller’s Where's my classmate Nancy Lee's bike? I saw Tim at his friend Clara's.Formation of genitive nounsFormation of genitive nouns6. Personal names ending in sibilant / z / Dickens' / Dickens's novel Jones’ / Jones’s poems Engels‘ / Engels's works Burns‘/Burns's poems Marx's doctrine Ross's discoveriesFormation of genitive nounsFormation of genitive nounsFor ……’s sake phrase: for fairness' sake for appearance' sake for conscience’ sake for justice' sake for goodness‘ sake for conscience sake for convenience sakeMeanings of genitive nounsMeanings of genitive nouns1.Possessive genitive Mr Brown's suitcase has been taken upstairs Taiwan is part of China’s territory. 2.Subjective genitive The Prime Minister's arrival was reported in the morning paper. Everybody was pleased at David's quick recovery from illness.Meanings of genitive nounsMeanings of genitive nouns3.Objective genitive The enemy's defeat brought the war to an end. The criminal's punishment will be ten years in prison. *Discussion (Subjective or Objective) Japan's occupation of the Pacific islands after Pearl Harbour Japan's occupation by the Allied Powers after her surrenderMeanings of genitive nounsMeanings of genitive nouns4.Genitive of origin I haven't received my sister's letter yet. Newton's law was developed in the 17th century. Renmin Ribao's editorials (editorials by Rennin Ribao), the shippers' invoice (invoice from the shippers) Pauline's letter (letter from Pauline) the girl's story ( story told by the girl) Meanings of genitive nounsMeanings of genitive nouns5. Descriptive genitive I first met her on a summer's day. This workshop makes men's shoes. children's stories (stories for children) women's magazines (magazines for women) a world's fair (a fair sponsored by countries in the world) a doctor's degree (a doctorate)Meanings of genitive nounsMeanings of genitive nouns6. Genitive of time, distance, measure, value, etc two hours' delay, 300 kilometers' distance five dollars' worth of stamps 50 kilograms' weight a three days' journey (a journey lasting three days) two months' absence (absence lasting two months) two or three minutes' hunting an hour's workUses of genitive nounsUses of genitive nouns1. Possessive determiners the boy's father = his father the woman's husband = her husband the students' essays = their essays the prime minister's arrival = his / her arrival the criminal's punishment = his / her punishment Mary's letter = her letter the stranger's story = his storyUses of genitive nounsUses of genitive nouns2. Descriptive genitive and the genitive that denotes time, etc. a children's book, these children's books an interesting children's book some other new children's books the newly published children's book a / another three days' journey a pleasant three days' journey another very boring three days' journeyGenitive nouns and of-phraseGenitive nouns and of-phraseInterchangeable: China's foreign policy = the foreign policy of China an elephant's trunk = the trunk of an elephant the prime minister's arrival = arrival of the prime minister the criminal's punishment = punishment of the criminal Newton's law = the law of Newton Shakespeare's tragedies = the tragedies of ShakespeareGenitive nouns and of-phraseGenitive nouns and of-phraseNon-interchangeable: At one’s wits’ end, at swords’ points a hair's breadth, a wolf in sheep's clothing a bird's eye view, at a stone's throw the opinion of the chairman appointed a month ago the suggestions of those present at the meeting the income of the rich the struggle of exploited, the City of RomeIndependent genitiveIndependent genitive1 When the missing noun has occurred somewhere in the context and can be easily retrieved: Her memory is like an elephant's. Mary's is the largest apartment in the building My car is faster than John's. The child's hatred for the enemy is as deep as his father's . The martyr's cause was the Chinese people's, all the oppressed people's, and all internationalists'. Whose turn is it? -- It is Tom's. This year's mixed doubles final was much more exciting than last year's. Lee's is a very inspiring book. Mary's was the prettiest dress.Independent genitiveIndependent genitive2. When the missing noun refers to somebody's house or residence I'm going to dine at my brother's. The doctor's is on the other side of the street. Shall we meet at his brother's (house) before we see him off . The doctor's (house) is on the other side of the street. I saw him at my aunt’s and uncle's (house) last week. I'm going to stay at the Johnsons'.Number forms of abstract nounsNumber forms of abstract nouns3. When the missing noun refers to church, school, or other public buildings Joe lives near St. Paul's (Cathedral) in London, He was educated at Merchant Tavlor's (school) . Where's St. James's (Palace)? Tom was educated at Merchant Trylor's (school) . Independent genitiveIndependent genitive4. When the missing noun refers to commercial firms Pickled vegetables are available at the grocer's. Chinese toys are said both at Smith's and at Brown's. Bill bought the Chinese luncheon meat at the butcher's. You can have the camera mended at the photographer's. Dick found a great variety of Chinese toys both at Smith's and at Brown's. I buy my meat at Johnson's. I’m going to the dentist's. Double genitive-discussionDouble genitive-discussionDifferences in meaning Mrs Brown's daughter Mrs Brown's daughter Mary Mary, daughter of Mrs Brown Mary, a daughter of Mrs Brown's Double genitiveDouble genitiveHe is a friend of my father's . = He is one of my father's friend This is a painting of my roommate's . = This is one of the paintings owned by my roommate She is a business client of Sir Roger's. = She is one of Sir Roger's business clients. Note: The independent genitive in the of-phrase must be definite specific personal reference. Double genitive Double genitiveAcceptable or not: a patient of the doctor's a patient of a doctor's an engine of the plane's Double genitive Double genitiveIndefinite determiner (a(n), some, any, etc) Demonstrative determiner(this,that) a daughter of Mrs Green's any / some daughters of Mrs Green's two daughters of Mrs Green's which daughter of Mrs Green's that daughter of Mrs Green'sDouble genitive & ordinary of-phraseDouble genitive & ordinary of-phraseHe is a friend of my father's. = He is one of my father's friends. He is a friend of my father. Implies "He is friendly to my father. "Double genitive & ordinary of-phraseDouble genitive & ordinary of-phrasea portrait of Mr Brown's. one of the portraits owned or collected by Mr Brown a portrait of Mr Brown = a picture of Mr Brown himselfDouble genitive & ordinary of-phraseDouble genitive & ordinary of-phrasea criticism of Mr Hamilton's = one of the criticisms made by Mr Hamilton a criticism of Mr Hamilton = Mr Hamilton is criticized Double genitive & ordinary of-phraseDouble genitive & ordinary of-phrasea bone of the dog's a bone of the dogSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseAnimated Ex-president Nixon's China Visit John Brown’s / the worker's / his brother-in-Iaw's exploits Your Majesty's / Your Excellency’s / His Royal Highness's Lord Smith's / General Broom's / Sir John's remarksSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseCollective Nouns The Party's policy the Corporation's exports The government’s decision The team’s matchesSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseGeographical names China's science and technology drive Europe's future Shanghai's industries New York's downtown areas the country's development the word's populationSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseHeavenly bodies The earth's satellite The sun's rotation The moon's orbit The globe's surface Supplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseTime this year's sales the hockey season's first event today's / yesterday's / tomorrow's assignment the morning's / the next day's / Friday's work an hour's drive a moment's thought the decade's events the week's weatherSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseSupplement-Features of Nouns in Genitive CaseWeight and measurement a pound's weight two dollars' worth of stamps get one's money's worth five tons' capacity a hundred metres' distanceOf-phraseOf-phrase当of词组的名词后面跟有后置修饰语或同位语时 Some sentences have been changed at the suggestion of the teachers present at the meeting. Do you know the opinion of the committee appointed a few days ago? Have you read the articles of the students who were with us at the rally yesterday? Hammond is the president of a university in Sweden.Of-phraseOf-phrase当of词组的介词补足成分是以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人的结构时 The struggle of the exploited in those areas is developing. In pre-liberation days, the rulers paid little attention to the welfare of the poor. 当of词组用在某些同位结构中时 the City of Rome the ten of us