中考英语阅读理解解题技巧广东版

分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 情况近四年广东中考英语阅读理解部分包括：阅读理解（A、B篇）和配对阅读（C篇）两部分。阅读理解考查的是学生掌握阅读材料的主旨大意的能力，以及对材料细节的理解和快速获取关键信息的能力。近四年省卷阅读理解题所涉及的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 丰富、题材广泛、主要包括广告、日常生活及科普知识等。选材多贴近学生的日常生活，富有时代感、交际性和教育意义。A篇短文一般是应用文，包括广告宣传、通知、标识辨认、书籍目录、学校新闻及图书馆通知等。这类文章具有较强的交际性和实用性，旨在考察考生在日常生活中运用、理解及处理信息的能力。短文内容浅显易懂，有效信息简洁明了，考生只要锁定关键词，仔细寻找原文有效信息，基本上能直接从原文中找到答案。B篇短文与A篇相比，文章问题有明显的变化，一般属于叙事类或说明类文章。虽然文章问题发生变化，但文章的难度并没有增加很多。考生只要认真阅读，配以一定的阅读技巧，对全文有宏观的理解把握，就可以从题目中提炼出关键词，并在原文中精确定位，集中精读，即可得出正确答案。C篇是广告信息匹配题，其阅读理解中篇幅最长，考察难度稍大的部分。而且选项中会出现一项干扰项，因此考生需要通读题目及选项，在整体上把握每道题的中心，再进行广告信息的匹配。近四年广东省卷阅读理解的统计与分析事实细节猜测词义推理判断概括主旨/题目数学计算2011A篇：40100B篇：112102012A篇：20201B篇：21012013A篇：50000B篇：310102014A篇：30200B篇：21110近四年省卷阅读理解的统计与分析C篇：技巧：划出左栏的关键字，一一与右栏的内容配对，找出最符合的答案。年份内容2011根据宠物启事，寻找自家的宠物2012根据病人的健康问题，选择合适的专科医生2013根据每个人的需求，选择合适的商品。2014根据每个人的兴趣描述，选择适合的网站主旨大意型事实细节型词义猜测型命题类有关阅读理解题目主要有以下四种:推理判断型一、主旨大意题（除法干扰项）干扰项1可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。干扰项2可能属从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。干扰项3可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。这类题型的正确答案，一般来说不会在文中直接找到，需要根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。但在选项中也不免出现一些干扰项，例如：1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummar-izethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?6)What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.inJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。1、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.FirstBarbieShopinShanghaiB.Barbie’sPastandpresentC.Barbie’s53rdBirthdayPartyD.BarbieLostHerMagic技巧：1、先了解文章的主要意思，大概是说了什么事情。2、根据每段的段落大意（开头前面几句）， 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 归纳文章的主旨3、利用排除法，排除掉干扰项例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetiotionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.干扰项3Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.inJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。干扰项1干扰项2文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who,which,where,how,why等。事实细节型解题 原则 组织架构调整原则组织架构设计原则组织架构设置原则财政预算编制原则问卷调查设计原则 ：忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。1）Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?2）Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?3）Theauthor(orthepassage)statesthat___.4）Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)___?在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：例题2.Barbie’sfamilynameis______.A.RobertsB.millicentC.ShepherdD.Bratz3.Barbie’stroubleisthat__________.A.itwearsheavymakeupandminiskirts.B.otherdollsaremorepopularwithlittlegirls.C.otherdollsaretryingtobeatherinthemarket.D.ithasbecomelesspopularintheinternationalmarket.例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.inJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。同义法常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。反义法如hotandcold,giveandreceive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。释义法对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。词义猜测型情景推断法、代词替代法等1）文中找线索或信息词;2)根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意；3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。做题要领例题4、What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinewords“fashiondesigners”inthepassage?A.珠宝设计师B.发型设计师C.舞台设计师D.服装设计师例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetiotionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingupinJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。关键线索：makenewdresses推理判断题：高考重头戏，20个题中常有6-8个，着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论（非考生观点），客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。推理判断型透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。推理判断型常见的命题方式有：Thepassageimplies(暗示)that_______.Wecanconclude(得出结论)fromthepassagethat_____.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred(推论)?Whatisthetone(语气)oftheauthor?Whatisthepurpose(目的)ofthispassage?Thepassageisintendedto_____.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?例题AlmosteveryChinesepersoncanrecitethetwolinesofthefamouspoem,“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).”Butsadly,manyofusdon’tactuallygettherealmeaningoftheselines:Don’twastefood.ACCTVprogram,NewsOnePlusOne,reportedthatthefoodChinesepeoplethrowawayeveryyearisenoughtofeed200millionpeopleforayear.Dowehavetoomuchfood?Ofcoursenot.AccordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgram,therewere925millionhungrypeoplearoundtheworldin2010,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Sixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.Chinesepeoplearewellknownforbeinghospitable(好客的)andgenerous.Manyevenfeelthattheylosefaceiftheirguestshaveeatenallthefoodonthetable.练习题解释P5Luckily,anumberofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsavingfood.LastNovember,LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinNanjing,gotfiredbecauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson.Manypeoplestoodbyhersideandcriticized(批评)thewasteoffood.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylivestowastelessfood?Herearesometips:1.Donotordertoomuchinarestaurant.Onlyorderasmuchasyouwanttoeat.Ifyoucannoteatallthefoodyouordered,taketherestofithome.2.Don’tbetoopicky(挑剔的)aboutfood.Somefoodmaynottastegreat,butyourbodyneedsit.3.Keepaneyeonwhatfoodyouhaveathome.Don’tbuytoomuch,especiallyforvegetablesandfruit.4.Accordingtothepassage,weshouldn’twastefoodbecause________.A.foodcomesfromveryhardworkB.sixmillionchildrendieofhungereverydayC.thereisenoughfoodtofeedallthepeopleD.Chinesearehospitableandgenerous答案：A判断依据：AlmosteveryChinesepersoncanrecitethetwolinesofthefamouspoem,“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).”Butsadly,manyofusdon’tactuallygettherealmeaningoftheselines:Don’twastefood.练习1（2014中考题）Tous,itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butinfacttheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainsttherain.Itsfirstusewasasashade(遮蔽)againstthesun.Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonorandpower(权力).IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.事实细节事实细节词义猜测关键线索：suchasthekingorqueensInEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.TheumbrellawasincommonuseinancientGreece,butitisbelievedthatthefirstpeopleinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.DuringthemiddleagesinEurope,theuseoftheumbrellaalmostdisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitbecameasymbolofpower.Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythattheumbrellasforwomenbegantobemadeinallkindsofcolors.判断推理1.Ancientpeoplefirstusedumbrellasas____.A.asymbolofhonorB.protectionagainstthesunC.asymbolofpowerD.protectionagainsttherain2.Accordingtothepassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstusedinancient______.A.Egypt.B.BabylonC.RomeD.China3.Theunderlinedwordroyalmightmean_inChinese.A.皇室的B.富裕的C.中产的D.平民的4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.TheancientGreeksusedtheumbrellaintheirdailylife.B.Europeanshardlyusedtheumbrelladuringthemiddleages.C.Theumbrellasforwomenweremadecolorfulinancienttimes.D.Thestyleoftheumbrellahasn'tchangedalotsinceitwasinvented5.Thispassageismainlyabout_____.A.thesalesoftheumbrellaB.thedifferencesamongumbrellasC.theinventionoftheumbrellaD.thehistoryandtheuseoftheumbrella练习二DreamcultureisanimportantpartofancientChineseculture.Dreaminterpreting（理解）ispopularinChina,andthemostfamousreferencefordreaminterpretingisthebookofDukeofZhouInterpretsDreams.AncientChinesepeoplethoughtthatdreamscouldsuggestluckyandunluckythings.Sincedifferentdreamshavedifferentmeanings,peoplecangetmeaningsofgoodorbadluckbyinterpretingthem.Actually,dreaminterpretingisnottotallyasuperstition.Itdoeshavesomescientificvalue.Dreamsarethereflectionofthefacts.Manydreamsareactuallysomethingaboutwhathappenedinthedaytime.Thiskindofdreamcanbeeasilyunderstoodwithoutdreaminterpreting.Dreamsarethebody’sself-implication(自我暗示).TraditionalChinesemedicalsciencesaysthatdreamsareconnectedwiththehealthconditionofhumans’bodies.WhenYinandYangareimbalanced,dreamscomeintobeing.Ifsomeonedreamtthatheorshewasroastedbyabigfire,itshowsheorshemighteasilygetangryornervous.Dreamsareusuallydifferentfromthefacts.Itmeansthatthingswilldevelopintheoppositedirectionwhentheybecomeworse.Tosomedegree,DukeofZhouInterpretsdreamsisscientificallyreasonable.Overthousandsofyearshaspassed,thebookstillhasmanysecretswaitingforustoexplore.1.Accordingtothepassage,WeknowthebookofDukeofZhouInterpretsDreamsis______________.A.themostfamousreferencefordreaminterpretingB.aninterestingstorybookC.anactionmovieD.abeautifulplace2.Whatdidtheancientchinesepeoplethinkofthedreams?A.TheyareluckyB.TheyareunluckyC.TheyareunluckyorunluckyD.Theyaresuperstitions3.Theunderlinedword“reasonable”means“___________”inChinese.A.合理的B.负责人的C.正确的D.认真的4.Accordingtothepassage,Overthousandsofyearshaspassed,thebook---DukeofZhouInterpretsdreamsstillhas_____waitingforustoexplore.A.moneyB.secretsC.timeD.position5.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.TherearenosecretsinthebookDukeofZhouInterpretsDreams.B.Ifsomeonedreamtthathewasroastedbyabigfire,itshowsheorshemightgethappy.C.DreamcultureisanimportantpartofmodernChineseculture.D.DukeofZhouInterpretsDreamsisabookaboutdreaminterpreting.练习三：AbouttenyearsagowhenIwasastudentatcollege,Ispentmysummerholidaysworkingatamuseuminmysparetime.Lifewashardformethen.DadhadlosthisjobandMumwassickinbed.IwaswonderingifIwouldbeabletogoonwithmystudythenextterm.OnedaywhileIwasworkinginthegiftshop,Isawanelderlycouplecomeinwithalittlegirlinawheelchair(轮椅).AsIlookedcloseratthisgirl,Ifoundthatshehadnoarmsorlegs.Shewaswearingalittlewhitedressandshealsohadahaton.Whentheycameuptomeforthegift,Iwasbusydoingsomecleaning.ThenIturnedmyheadtowardthegirlandgaveherawink(眨眼).WhenItookthemoneyfromtheelderlycouple,Ilookedbackatthegirl,Tomysurprise,shewassmilingatme.Itwastheprettiest,largestsmileIhaveeverseen.Allofasudden,herhandicapwasgone.WhatIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmovedmeandgavemeabetterunderstandingofwhatlifeisallabout.Shetookmefromapoor,unhappycollegestudentintoherworld—aworldofsmiles,loveandwarmth.Thatwastenyearsago.Duringthesetenyears,wheneverIgotdownandthoughtaboutthetroubleoftheworld.Ithoughtaboutthatlittlegirlandtheunforgettablelessonaboutlifethatshetaughtme.I'mnowasuccessfulbusinessman.1.Whatwasthegirldoingasthewritertookmoneyfromtheelderlycouple?A.Shewasgivingthewriterawink.B.Shewasgivingthewritertheprettiest,largestsmile.C.Shewastakingoutsomemoney.D.Shewasdoingsomecleaning.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“handicap”meaninChinese?A.美丽笑容B.有利条件C.身体缺陷D.漂亮服饰3.Howdidthewriterlikehiscollegelife?A.InterestingB.MeaninglessC.EnjoyableD.Unhappy4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thatlittlegirltaughtthewriterhowtosmile.B.Thewriterhasn’tseenthebeautifulsmilebefore.C.Thegirl’ssmilemadethewriterchangehismindaboutlife.D.Thewriterbecameasuccessfulbusinessmanaftertenyears.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThepowerofasmileB.AsuccessfulpersonC.ThedisabledD.ThetroubleoftheworldThankYou