RIP实验大集合实验目录：1.RIP基本实验水平分割毒化逆转被动接口--包含计时器的信息允许接口接受或发送RIP信息6.RIP优先级7.设置接口接收或发送RIP报文时给路由增加的附加路由权值（条数）8.Time的三大计时器设置9.不同进程号10.触发跟新11.RIP的版本兼容问题12.不连续子网13.手工汇总14.向rip内注入一跳默认路由15.RIPv2认证16.直连的网络不再同一网段.RIP基本配置实验要求：各个路由器能动态学到路由实验拓扑：佃21G8.1.0192168.2.0100:2.2.2.2Io0:t444101:3.3.3.3实验过程：1•按照上面的拓扑配置ip地址〃进入RIP视图（默认计入的RIP进程1）//宣告网络2•宣告网络[R1]rip[R1-rip-1]network192.168.1.0[R1-rip-1]net1.1.1.0[R1-rip-1]q[R2]rip[R2_rip_1]network192.168.1.0[R2_rip_1]network192.168.2.0[R2-rip-1]network2.2.2.0[R2-rip-1]network3.3.3.0[R2-rip-1]q[R3]rip[R3-rip-1]network192.168.2.0[R3-rip-1]network4.4.4.0[R3-rip-1]q3.RIP的几个查看命令查看所有路由[Redisplayiprouting-tableRoutingTables:PublicDestinations:10Routes:10Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface1.1.1.1/32Direct00127.0.0.1InLoop02.0.0.0/8RIP1001192.168.1.2S0/2/03.0.0.0/8RIP1001192.168.1.2S0/2/04.0.0.0/8RIP1002192.168.1.2S0/2/0127.0.0.0/8Direct00127.0.0.1InLoop0127.0.0.1/32Direct00127.0.0.1InLoop0192.168.1.0/24Direct00192.168.1.1S0/2/0192.168.1.1/32Direct00127.0.0.1InLoop0192.168.1.2/32Direct00192.168.1.2S0/2/0192.168.2.0/24RIP1001192.168.1.2S0/2/0路由类型默认优先级直连路由(Dhert)0OSPF内部路由10静态路由(Static)60RIP路由100OSPF外部路由150EGP路由256查看RIP进程信息[RedisplayripPublicVPN-instaneename:RIPprocess:1RIPversion:1Preferenee:100Checkzero:EnabledDefault-cost:0Summary:EnabledHostroutes:Enabled//进程号//版本//优先级//默认度量值，可以调整网络大小//自动汇总开启〃支持的负载分担条数Maximumnumberofbalaneedpaths:6Updatetime:30sec(s)Timeouttime:180sec(s)Suppresstime:120sec(s)Garbage-collecttime:120sec(s)TRIPretransmittime:5sec(s)TRIPresponsepacketsretransmitcount:36Silentinterfaces:None〃有没有被动接口Defaultroutes:Disabled//有没有默认路由Verify-source:EnabledNetworks:1.0.0.0192.168.1.0Configuredpeers:NoneTriggeredupdatessent:0Numberofrouteschanges:0Numberofrepliestoqueries:0查看RIP
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的路由[Redisplayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:4RIPRoutingtableStatus:
SummaryCount:0查看路由的跟新时间等[Redisplayrip1routeRouteFlags:R-RIP,T-TRIPP-Permanent,A-Aging,S-Suppressed,G-Garbage-collectPeer192.168.1.2onSerial0/2/0Destination/MaskNexthopCostTagFlagsSec2.0.0.0/8192.168.1.210RA223.0.0.0/8192.168.1.210RA22192.168.2.0/24192.168.1.210RA224.0.0.0/8192.168.1.220RA22查看RIP接口，包括度量值、水平分割是否开启[Redisplayrip1interfaceVersion:RIPv1MetricInroutepolicy:NotdesignatedMetricOutroutepolicy:NotdesignatedInterface-name:LoopBackOAddress/Mask:1.1.1.1/32MetricIn:0MetricOut:1Split-horizon/Poison-reverse:on/offInput/Output:on/onCurrentpacketsnumber/Maximumpacketsnumber:0/2000Interface-name:Serial0/2/0Address/Mask:192.168.1.1/24MetricIn:0MetricOut:1Split-horizon/Poison-reverse:on/offVersion:RIPv1MetricInroutepolicy:NotdesignatedMetricOutroutepolicy:NotdesignatedInput/Output:on/onCurrentpacketsnumber/Maximumpacketsnumber:0/2000从此命令可以看出，水平分割时开启的，而毒化逆转时关闭的。水平分割通常情况下，为了防止路由环的出现，水平分割都是必要的。只是在某些特殊情况下，为保证协议的正确执行，需要关闭水平分割。例如在NBMA网络中，对于采用帧中继封装的主接口和点对多点子接口，为了使接口可以发送从该接口学到的路由，则需要禁止水平分割。在关闭水平分割时一定要确认是否必要。关闭水平分割的命令[R1]ints0/2/0[R1-Serial0/2/0]unripsplit-horizon我们来测试一下水平分割的影响开启了水平分割terminalmonitor%Currentterminalmonitorisonterminaldebugging%Currentterminaldebuggingisondebuggingrip1packet*Dec216:21:44:162010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:RIP1:Receiveresponsefrom192.168.1.2onSerial0/2/084*Dec216:21:44:162010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG*Dec216:21:44:162010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG*Dec216:21:44:162010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG*Dec216:21:44:162010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG*Dec216:21:44:162010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Packet:vers1,cmdresponse,lengthAFI2,dest2.0.0.0,cost1AFI2,dest3.0.0.0,cost1AFI2,dest4.0.0.0,cost2AFI2,dest192.168.2.0,cost1*Dec216:21:45:8122010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:RIP1:SendingresponseoninterfaceSerial0/2/0from192.168.1.1to255.255.255.255*Dec216:21:45:8122010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Packet:vers1,cmdresponse,length24*Dec216:21:45:8122010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest1.0.0.0,cost1从上面我们可以看出，RIP包没有向自己宣告的网络发送跟新包！--这是水平分割起的作用！关闭了水平分割debuggingrip1packet*Dec216:26:49:8442010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:RIP1:Receiveresponsefrom192.168.1.2onSerial0/2/0*Dec216:26:49:8442010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Packet:vers1,cmdresponse,length84*Dec216:26:49:8442010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest2.0.0.0,cost1*Dec216:26:49:8442010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest3.0.0.0,cost1*Dec216:26:49:8442010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest4.0.0.0,cost2*Dec216:26:49:8442010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest192.168.2.0,cost1*Dec216:26:56:1252010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:RIP1:SendingresponseoninterfaceSerial0/2/0from192.168.1.1to255.255.255.255*Dec216:26:56:1252010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:124*Dec216:26:56:1252010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:26:56:1252010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:26:56:1252010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:26:56:1252010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:26:56:1252010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:26:56:1252010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:27:11:4372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:192.168.1.2onSerial0/2/0*Dec216:27:11:4372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:84*Dec216:27:11:4372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:27:11:4372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:27:11:4372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:*Dec216:27:11:4372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Packet:vers1,cmdresponse,lengthAFI2,dest1.0.0.0,cost1AFI2,dest2.0.0.0,cost2AFI2,dest3.0.0.0,cost2AFI2,dest4.0.0.0,cost3AFI2,dest192.168.1.0,cost1AFI2,dest192.168.2.0,cost2RIP1:ReceiveresponsefromPacket:vers1,cmdresponse,lengthAFI2,dest2.0.0.0,cost1AFI2,dest3.0.0.0,cost1AFI2,dest4.0.0.0,cost2AFI2,dest192.168.2.0,cost1从上面我们可以看出，在关闭水平分割后RIP包会想自己发送自己宣告的网络，从而产生了路由环路。毒化逆转在接口下面开启毒化逆转功能[R1]ints0/2/0[R1-Serial0/2/0]rippoison-reversedebuggingrip1packet*Dec216:31:15:9372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:RIP1:SendingresponseoninterfaceSerial0/2/0from192.168.1.1to255.255.255.255*Dec216:31:15:9372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Packet:vers1,cmdresponse,length104TOC\o"1-5"\h\z*Dec216:31:15:9372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest1.0.0.0,cost1*Dec216:31:15:9372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest192.168.2.0,cost16*Dec216:31:15:9372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest2.0.0.0,cost16*Dec216:31:15:9372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest3.0.0.0,cost16*Dec216:31:15:9372010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest4.0.0.0,cost16*Dec216:31:25:622010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:RIP1:Receiveresponsefrom192.168.1.2onSerial0/2/0*Dec216:31:25:622010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Packet:vers1,cmdresponse,length84TOC\o"1-5"\h\z*Dec216:31:25:622010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest2.0.0.0,cost1*Dec216:31:25:622010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest3.0.0.0,cost1*Dec216:31:25:622010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest4.0.0.0,cost2*Dec216:31:25:622010R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AFI2,dest192.168.2.0,cost1从上面可以看出，R1会向自己学习到的路由发送为16条的RIP测试包。来测试下一跳是否已经不可达，当可达是对方会发送可达信息回应，如果对方不可达，会根据3大时间处理！！被动接口RIP下：#peer+ip地址有被动接口我感觉肯定会有单播跟新，单播跟新的命令是在作用：不发送RIP包，但接受RIP跟新包在RIP模式下设置被动接口[R1]rip[R1-rip-1]silent-interfaces0/2/0[R1-rip-1]q[R2]displayrip1routeRouteFlags:R-RIP,T-TRIPP-Permanent,A-Aging,S-Suppressed,G-Garbage-collectPeer192.168.1.1onSerial0/2/0CostTagFlagsSec10RA180Destination/MaskNexthop1.0.0.0/8192.168.1.1Peer192.168.2.2onSerial0/2/2Destination/Mask4.0.0.0/8Nexthop192.16822CostTagFlagsSec10RA19再120秒[R2]displayrip1routeRouteFlags:R-RIP,T-TRIPP-Permanent,A-Aging,S-Suppressed,G-Garbage-collectPeer192.168.1.1onSerial0/2/0Destination/MaskNexthopCostTag1「FlagsSec1.0.0.0/8192.168.1.1160RSG120Peer192.168.2.2onSerial0/2/2Destination/MaskNexthopCostTagFlagsSec4.0.0.0/8192.168.2.210RA15[R2]displayrip1routeRouteFlags:R-RIP,T-TRIPP-Permanent,A-Aging,S-Suppressed,G-Garbage-collectPeer192.168.2.2onSerial0/2/2Destination/MaskNexthopCostTagFlagsSec4.0.0.0/8192.168.2.210RA16对r1没有影响=----因为被动接口是不发送RIP包，但是接受路由跟新包，但是ping不同[Redisplayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:4RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0五.允许接口接受或发送RIP信息ripinput命令用来允许接口接收RIP报文（默认开启的）ripoutput命令用来允许接口向外发送RIP报文（默认开启的）[R1]intsO/2/O[R1-Serial0/2/0]undoripinput[R1-Serial0/2/0]q[Redisplayrip1routeRouteFlags:R-RIP,T-TRIPP-Permanent,A-Aging,S-Suppressed,G-Garbage-collectPeer192.168.1.2onSerial0/2/0Destination/MaskNexthopCostTagFlagsSec2.0.0.0/8192.168.1.210RA1623.0.0.0/8192.168.1.210RA162192.168.2.0/24192.168.1.210RA1624.0.0.0/8192.168.1.220RA162从上面可以看出，路由已经超时！！！！但是不影响R2和R3学习路由，虽然R2、R3学到了路由，但是ping不同R1!！ripoutput命令用来允许接口向外发送RIP报文（默认开启的）[R1]intsO/2/O[R1-Serial0/2/0]undoripoutput[R1-Serial0/2/0]RIP优先级每一种路由协议都有自己的优先级，它的缺省取值由具体的路由策略决定。优先级的高低将最后决定ip路由表中的路由采取哪种路由算法获取的最佳路由。可以利用此命令手动调整RIP的优先级。[R1]rip[R1-rip-1]preferenee?INTEGERv1-255>ValueofPrefereneeroute-policyRoute-policy[R1-rip-1]preference50[R1-rip-1]q[R1]displayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:4RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:2Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface1.0.0.0/8RIP1006192.168.1.1S0/2/04.0.0.0/8RIP1001192.168.2.2S0/2/2RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0displayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:4RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:4Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface1.0.0.0/8RIP1007192.168.2.1S0/2/02.0.0.0/8RIP1001192.168.2.1S0/2/03.0.0.0/8RIP1001192.168.2.1S0/2/0192.168.1.0/24RIP1001192.168.2.1S0/2/0RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0ripmetricout命令用来设置接口发送RIP报文时给路由增加的附加路由权值[R2]intsO/2/O[R2-Serial0/2/0]undoripmetricin[R2-Serial0/2/0]ripmetricout?INTEGER<1-16>Thevalueofmetricaddedtooutgoingroutesroute-policyRoute-policy[R2-Serial0/2/0]ripmetricout10八■配置time三大时间设置timers命令用来修改RIP的三个定时器Periodupdate、Timeout和Garbage-collection[R1-rip-1]timers?garbage-collect的值ConfigRIProutegarbage-collecttimerintervalsuppresstimeoutupdateConfigRIProutesuppresstimerintervalConfigRIProuteAgetimerintervalConfigRIProuteperiodupdatetimerinterval九.不同进程间通信192.16B.1.0loftl.1.1.13netvorkI92.163.U01.0.0.0net192.168.2.O3.0.0-0按照上图配置做不同进程之间的通信注意：不同进程针对的是一个路由器上出现两个不同的进程，如果每台交换机的进程不一样是可以相互学习到路由的。引入rip路由和引入直连路由是有很大区别的。[R2]rip[R2-rip-1]unnet192.168.2.0[R2-rip-1]unnet3.3.3.0[R2_rip_1]q[R2]rip2[R2-rip-2]net192.168.2.0[R2-rip-2]net3.3.3.0[R2-rip-2]q[R3]undorip1Warning:UndoRIPprocess?[Y/N]:y[R3]rip2[R3-rip-2][R3-rip-2]net192.168.2.0[R3-rip-2]net4.4.4.0[R3-rip-2]q当我们查看路由表的时候是可以看出。不同进程之间是不能通信的！R1学习不到进程2的所有路由[R1]displayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:1RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:1Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface2.0.0.0/8RIP1001192.168.1.2S0/2/0RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0R2可以学习到两边的路由[R2]displayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:2RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:2Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface1.0.0.0/8RIP1001192.168.1.1S0/2/04.0.0.0/8RIP1001192.168.2.2S0/2/2RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0同样R3是不能学到进程1的所有路由的[R3]displayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:1RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0解决方法：使用引入路由命令[R2]rip[R2-rip-1]import-route?bgpBorderGatewayProtocol(BGP)routesdirectDirectroutesisisIntermediateSystemtoIntermediateSystem(IS-IS)routesospfOpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF)routesripRoutingInformationProtocol(RIP)routesstaticStaticroutes[R2-rip-1]import-routerip2?costMetricforimportedrouteroute-policyApplythespecifiedroutepolicytofilterroutetagSpecifyroutetag[R2-rip-1]import-routerip2[R2_rip_1]q[R2]rip2[R2-rip-2]import-routerip1[R2-rip-2]只在R1和R2之间开启触发跟新进入接口模式，开启触发跟新[R1]ints0/2/0[R1-Serial0/2/0]riptriggered[R2]ints0/2/0[R2-Serial0/2/0]riptriggered会定期收到R1的数据包，所以相互之间是学习不到路由的![Redisplayrip1routeRouteFlags:R-RIP,T-TRIPP-Permanent,A-Aging,S-Suppressed,G-Garbage-collectPeer192.168.1.2onSerial0/2/0(TRIP)Destination/MaskNexthopCostTagFlagsSec2.0.0.0/8192.168.1.210TP_3.0.0.0/8192.168.1.2\10_4.0.0.0/8192.168.1.220/TP_192.168.2.0/24192.168.1.21..0TP_从上面可以看出，模式已近是触发跟新模式,跟新时间为无！[R2]displayrip1routeRouteFlags:R-RIP,T-TRIPP-Permanent,A-Aging,S-Suppressed,G-Garbage-collectPeer192.168.2.2onSerial0/2/2Destination/MaskNexthopCostTagFlagsSec4.0.0.0/8192.168.2.210RA19Peer192.168.1.1onSerial0/2/0(TRIP)Destination/MaskNexthopCostTagFlagsSec1.0.0.0/8192.168.1.110TP十^一.RIP的版本兼容问题loOtl.tll19Z168J.01921^8*2,0怕02222Io0:444l4101:3.3.3.3KIPvlRIPv2RIPvl修改R1的RIP为版本2[R1-rip-1]ver2[R1-rip-1]q[Redisplayrip1routeRouteFlags:R-RIP,T-TRIPP-Permanent,A-Aging,S-Suppressed,G-Garbage-collect详细讲解当指定接口版本为RIP-1时，只接收RIP-1当指定接口运行在RIP-2广播方式时，只接收当指定接口运行在RIP-2多播方式时，只接收Peer192.168.1.2onSerial0/2/0Destination/MaskNexthopCostTagFlagsSec2.0.0.0/8192.168.1.210RA1313.0.0.0/8192.168.1.210RA131192.16820/24192.168.1.210RA1314.0.0.0/8192.168.1.220RA131对于上面的路由，已经是超时的了!与RIP-2广播报文，不接收RIP-2多播报文RIP-1与RIP-2广播报文，不接收RIP-2多播报文RIP-2多播报文，不接收RIP-1与RIP-2广播报文怎样能让R1学习到R2的路由呢？？？请看下面1•把R1的接口模式改为广播方式2•把R2上的sO/2/O改为主播方式的[R1-Serial0/2/0]ripversion2?broadcastmulticastRIPv2broadcastmodewhichiscompatiblewithRIPv1RIPv2multicastmode[R1-Serial0/2/0]ripversion2multicast十二.不连续子网不连续子网问题143.166.1.0lott17Z16.roIO1；172.16.Z0lt>0：172.16.5,0IOl；172.ie.6PQ[R1_rip_1]unsummary[R1-rip-1]net192.168.1.0[R1-rip-1]net172.16.1.0[R1-rip-1]net172.1620[R2]rip[R2-rip-1]uns[R2-rip-1]unsummary[R2-rip-1]net192.168.1.0[R2-rip-1]net192.168.2.0[R3]rip[R3-rip-1]unsu[R3-rip-1]unsummary[R3-rip-1]net172.16.0.0[R2]displayiprouting-tableprPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:1RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0我们可以看到，上面的路由信息是很粗略的，此时ping两边的任意一个都是一个通一个不通！！解决方法是：使用RIPv2在学习Cisco时，是有子接口的，在华3也有，不过比较特殊，因为在华3的loopback口的所有地址都是32位的，看不到辅助接口的效果，如果用网段去验证是可以实现用辅助地址解决不连续子网问题。不过在同一路由器上宣告相同的主网。[R1]rip[R1-rip-1]ver2[R2]rip[R2-rip-1]ver2[R3]rip[R3-rip-1]ver2[R2]displayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:5RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:4Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface172.16.1.1/32RIP1001192.168.1.1S0/2/0172.16.2.1/32RIP1001192.168.1.1S0/2/0172.16.5.1/32RIP1001192.168.2.2S0/2/2172.16.6.1/32RIP1001192.168.2.2S0/2/2RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:1上面的输出已经解决了不连续子网问题十二•手工汇总19Z166.2.0loft17Z16.1.0Io1:17Z16.2.0192168.1.0在此接口上开启丰工汇总100:172.16.5.0101:172.16.6.0实现手工汇总上面的实验十二，我们该成了ver2当该成ver2后，原有的不unsunmmary生效。要重新开启一遍注意：手工汇总对loopback口是不行的，因为所有的loopback口都是32个掩码，不能汇总，针对网段可以实现自动汇总。[R1]intsO/2/O[R1-Serial0/2/0]ripsummary-address172.16.0.022注意，即使在R2上显示的是172.16.0.0，仍然不影响实验十二的效果!十四.向rip内注入一跳默认路由新拓扑Io0t1.1.1.119Z168.1.019^168.2.0100:444.4哉爾迺趣姐由宣告出去f毛101:10.10,1(110/運过FL3|SfRiP閑引入裁认貉由[H3C]sysR1[R1]intloO[R1-LoopBackO]ipadd1.1.1.132[R1]ints0/2/0[R1-Serial0/2/0]ipadd192.168.1.124[R1-Serial0/2/0]q[R1]rip[R1-rip-1]ver2[R1-rip-1]undosummary[R1-rip-1]net1.0.0.0[R1-rip-1]net192.168.1.0[R1-rip-1]q[H3C]sysR2[R2]ints0/2/0[R2-Serial0/2/0]ipadd192.168.1.224[R2-Serial0/2/0]q[R2]ints0/2/2[R2-Serial0/2/2]ipadd192.168.2.124[H3C]sysR3[R3]intlo0[R3-LoopBack0]ipadd4.4.4.432[R3-LoopBack0]q[R3]ints0/2/0[R3-Serial0/2/0]ipadd192.168.2.224[R3]rip[R3-rip-1]net192.168.2.0[R3-rip-1]net4.0.0.0[R3-rip-1]ver2[R3-rip-1]undosummary[R3-rip-1]q此时我们在R3上设置lo1口的ip地址。然后再R3上注入一跳默认路由[R3]intlo0[R3-LoopBack0]ipadd10.10.10.1032[R3]rip[R3-rip-1]default-routeoriginatecost10//为什么非要设置cost值呢？？本实验最后讲解从R1上查看[R1]displayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:2RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:2Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface0.0.0.0/0RIP10011192.168.1.2S0/2/0192.168.2.0/24RIP1001192.168.1.2S0/2/0RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0R1的默认路由cost值为11R1能ping通10.10.10.10[R1]ping10.10.10.10PING10.10.10.10:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom10.10.10.10:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=4msReplyfrom10.10.10.10:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=1msReplyfrom10.10.10.10:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=4msReplyfrom10.10.10.10:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=19msReplyfrom10.10.10.10:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=5ms---10.10.10.10pingstatistics-- 5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)received0.00%packetlossround-tripmin/avg/max=1/6/19ms关于cost值，如果一个RIP网络内有多条默认路由，会把那一条放到路由表中呢？？？答案是：cost值小的那条默认路由作业：关于两边都开启，cost值小会被选中，cost值一样的会被中为两个下一跳十五.RIPv2认证loftl.1.1.1[R1]rip[R1-rip-1]ver2[R1-rip-1]unsummary[R1-rip-1]net192.168.1.0[R1-rip-1]net1.1.1.0[R1-Serial0/2/0]rip?authentication-modeinputmetricinmetricoutoutputpoison-reversesplit-horizonsummary-addresstriggeredversionAuthenticationtypeReceiveRIPpacketsMetricaddedtoincomingroutesMetricaddedtooutgoingroutesSendRIPpacketsConfigurepoisonreverseSplit-horizoncontrolConfiguresummaryaddressonthisinterfaceTriggeredRIPRIPversionswitch[R1-Serial0/2/0]ripauthentication-modemd5simpleMD5authenticationSimpletextauthentication[R1-Serial0/2/0]ripauthentication-modesimple123[R2]intsO/2/O[R2-Serial0/2/0]ripauthentication-modesimple123两边都要开启[R2-Serial0/2/0]ripauthentication-modemd5?rfc2082RFC2082MD5authenticationpacketformattyperfc2453RFC2453MD5authenticationpacketformattype注意:ripauthentication-mode命令用来配置RIP-2的认证方式及认证参数。undoripauthentication-mode命令用来取消RIP-2认证。RIP-1不支持验证报文。RIP的验证报文主要有两种类型，明文验证和MD5密文验证。其中，采用MD5密文验证方式时有两种报文格式，一种是在RFC2453中所描述的；另一种在RFC2082中专门阐述。路由器对这两种报文格式均提供支持，用户可以根据不同的需要自行选择。十六.直连的网络不再同一网段直连的网络不再同一网段192.160.2.1192.168.3.1192168.4.1192168.1.1loQtl.1.1.1RIPv2宣告所有鳩^^1192168,1.0总公司和分公司内部岡蚪通耐，不需更抑道相连的路由条目！此»fl.l-l.ltepirtgi&4.4.4.斗！!!1.1.I却ping不趣“匕168.4.I,但不售响公司间爲信上面的连线，必须是串行口，E口学习不到直连网络不同网段的路由!IPv4在上图没有开启RIP之前是可以学习到不同网段的路由的！IPV6在没有开启RIP前是不能学习到不同网段的路由的！开启RIP实验如下：[R1]intloO[R1-LoopBackO]ipadd1.1.1.132[R1-LoopBack0]intS0/2/0[R1-Serial0/2/0]ipadd192.168.1.124[R1]rip[R1-rip-1]ver2[R1_rip_1]uns[R1-rip-1]net1.1.1.0[R1-rip-1]net192.168.1.0[R1-rip-1]q[R2]intS0/2/0[R2-Serial0/2/0][R2-Serial0/2/0]ipadd192.168.2.124[R2-Serial0/2/0]q[R2]intS0/2/2[R2-Serial0/2/2]ipadd192.168.3.124[R3]intlo0[R3-LoopBack0]ipadd4.4.4.432[R3-LoopBack0]ints0/2/0[R3-Serial0/2/0]ipadd192.168.4.124[R3]rip[R3-rip-1]net192.168.4.0[R3-rip-1]ver2[R3-rip-1]unsummary[R3-rip-1]net4.4.4.0[R1]displayiprouting-tableRoutingTables:PublicDestinations:8Routes:8Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface1.1.1.1/32Direct00127.0.0.1InLoop04.4.4.4/32RIP1002192.168.2.1S0/2/0127.0.0.0/8Direct00127.0.0.1InLoop0127.0.0.1/32Direct00127.0.0.1InLoop0192.168.1.0/24Direct00192.168.1.1S0/2/0192.168.1.1/32Direct00127.0.0.1InLoop0192.168.2.1/32Direct00192.168.2.1S0/2/0192.168.3.0/24RIP1001192.168.2.1S0/2/0[R1]displayiprouting-tableprotocolripPublicRoutingTable:RIPSummaryCount:2RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:2Destination/MaskProtoPreCostNextHopInterface4.4.4.4/32RIP1002192.168.2.1S0/2/0192.168.3.0/24RIP1001192.168.2.1S0/2/0RIPRoutingtableStatus:SummaryCount:0在R1上我们是学习不到R3上的192.168.4.0网段，可以学习到4.4.4.0网段。十七.直连的网络不再同一网段IPv6直连的网络不再同一网&IPv6200^:1'^2003：：1/642001：：1TGJ与IPv4不囱在没有开启阳PSS”直连是不老学珈连中不同服，与Pvl不血RIPV2宣告所有屈段与IPv4不同ipv6[R1]intIo0[R1-LoopBackO]ipv6add1::1/128[R1-LoopBackO]q[R1]intsO/2/O[R1-Serial0/2/0]ipv6add2001::1/64[R1-Serial0/2/0]q[R2]intS0/2/0[R2-Serial0/2/0]ipv6add2002::1/64[R2-Serial0/2/0]q[R2]intS0/2/2[R2-Serial0/2/2]ipv6add2003::1/64[R3]intlo0[R3-LoopBackO]ipv6add2::1/128[R3]intS0/2/0[R3-Serial0/2/0]ipv6add2004::1/64学习不到直连的网络，[R1]displayipv6routing-tableRoutingTable:Destinations:3Routes:3Destination:::1/128NextHop:::1Interface:In
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