第三讲：句子按用途分类

PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT1第三讲： 句子 关于阅读的唯美句子关于古风的唯美句子执行力的经典句子鼓励人努力奋斗的句子用沉默代替一切的句子 按用途归类句子按其用途可分为：陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句及倒装句陈述句陈述句是用于陈述一个事实或 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达说话人的看法的句子。陈述句主要分为肯定句和否定句。1．陈述句的肯定句式主要有五种基本句型(1)“主语＋系动词＋表语”_____________.我很荣幸。(2)“主语＋不及物动词”_________________veryhard.学生们学习很努力。(3)“主语＋及物动词＋宾语”________________我教英语。(4)“主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”，间接宾语是人，直接宾语是物。能接双宾语的动词多数要在间接宾语前加_____或______。①加to的动词有give,send,pass,take,bring,show,lend,sell等。Shesentmeapresent.＝________________________.她寄给了我一份礼物。②加for的动词有buy,make,build,mend,cook等。Myfatherboughtmeabike.＝_________________________我爸爸给我买了一辆自行车。(5)“主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”Theteacher_________________________carefullyinclass.老师要求学生上课认真听讲。2．陈述句的否定句式(1)be动词＋not(2)情态动词/助动词＋not＋动词原形I_______getupatsixo'clockthismorning.今天早上六点我没有起床。(3)no,never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nobody,neither…nor,none等词构成否定句。Ican_______believehisstory.我几乎不相信他的故事。(4)think,believe,suppose等词的否定前移的用法。(5)“too…to…”句型本身具有否定的含义。________________________________她太小，还不能去上学。疑问句1．一般疑问句(1)一般疑问句主要有三种结构：①Be＋主语＋其他？②助动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？③情态动词＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？(2)一般疑问句的回答用yes或者no。(3)否定疑问句的答语否定疑问句通常是以“be动词/情态动词/助动词＋not”的缩写形式开头的，表示请求、看法或者惊讶等。其答语形式和汉语表达习惯不同。—Aren'tyouastudent?你不是一名学生吗？—______________/______________不，我是。/是的，我不是。2．特殊疑问句常见的疑问代词有what,which,who,whom,whose;常见的疑问副词有when,where,why,how。特殊疑问句的一般语序为“____________＋__________”。[注意]如果特殊疑问词在特殊疑问句中作主语，此特殊疑问句要用陈述句语序。3．选择疑问句常见的表现形式为：一般疑问句＋选项—Wouldyoulikesome___________?你想要些果汁还是茶？—Neither.都不要。4.反意疑问句反意疑问句的构成：陈述句＋附加疑问句？(附加疑问句的否定式必须缩写。)(1)陈述句部分与附加疑问句部分意思相反：前肯后否、前否后肯。Maryisateacher,__________？Hedidn'ttellyouthestory,__________？(2)反意疑问句的基本对应形式如下：A.be动词对应be动词Sheisapolicewoman,__________？B.情态动词对应情态动词Hecandrivethecar,__________？C.行为动词对应助动词的相应形式，这种助动词主要指帮助构成疑问句或否定句的do,does,did以及它们的否定形式。Hesleptfor9hoursyesterday,__________？Hedidn'tgotothepark,__________？(3)特殊形式A.当陈述句中含有表示否定的代词或形容词，如nothing,none,noone,nobody,neither,few,little等，或含有表示否定意义的副词never,hardly,seldom时，附加疑问句只能用肯定式。LindahasneverbeentoBeijing,__________？Youcanhardlyseetheblackboardclearly，__________？B.祈使句的反意疑问句的附加疑问句部分用willyou/won'tyou。Openthewindow,___________________？C.陈述部分的谓语是usedto时，附加疑问句部分用“didn't＋主语”或“usedn't＋主语”。Heusedtogotobedlate,______________________?他过去常常晚睡，不是吗？D.陈述部分的主语是this,that时，附加疑问句的主语应用it；陈述部分的主语是these,those时，附加疑问句的主语应用they。Thisisafantasticfilm,______________?这是一部很棒的电影，不是吗？E.陈述部分是“therebe”句型时，附加疑问句应用“bethere”。Thereisawalletinyourcar,______________?有一个钱包在你的车里，不是吗？(4)主从复合句的反意疑问句A.陈述部分是“I/Wethink(believe,suppose,consider)＋that从句”(主语是第一人称)或者是“I'msurethat/I'mafraidthat/Ihopethat/Itseemsthat”时，附加疑问部分的主语应和从句的主语相一致，但须注意否定前移的现象。Idon'tthinkheisright,_________?我认为他是不对的，是吗？B.如果主从复合句的主语是其他人称，附加疑问句部分的主语和主句的主语保持一致。Shedoesn'tknowifJimisagoodstudent,________?她不知道吉姆是否是一名好学生，是吗？感叹句________abeautifulfloweritis!这是一朵多么漂亮的花啊！________goodnewsitis!多好的消息啊！________fastJimruns!吉姆跑得多么快啊！祈使句_______agoodholiday！(祝你)假日愉快！____________whenyoucrosstheroad.当你过马路时请当心。_________havearest.让我们休息一会儿吧。___________notplayfootballontheroad.你最好不要在马路上踢足球。______parking!禁止停车！倒装句1．therebe句型therebe句型是一个典型的倒装句，它表示“某处有某物”，主语是be动词后面的名词。__________arivernearourschool.我们学校附近有一条河。2．以so/neither/nor开头的句子用倒装句“so/neither/nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面的内容也适用于后者。HehasbeentoDalian,and__________．他去过大连，我也去过。Johncan'tspeakJapanese,and___________________．约翰不会讲日语，海伦也不会。3．副词位于句首时当here,there,now,then等副词置于句首时需用倒装，其谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。_______isyourletter.这是你的信。[注意]这种倒装结构的主语必须是名词，若主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。______________________他来了。______________________________给你。4．方位介词短语位于句首时方位介词短语在倒装句中要整体前移。Ontherightofmyschool_______________.学校的右面是我的家。陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句及倒装句巩固练习1．Idon'tthinkshewillpasstheexam,________？A．won'tshe　　B．willsheC．doessheD．doesn'tshe2．—MrWang'sneverbeentoCanada,hashe?—________.Hewentthereonbusinesslastweek.A．No,hehasn'tB．Yes,hehasC．No,hehasD．Yes,hehasn't3．—Idon'tlikedocumentaries.—________．A.SodoIB.SoIdoC．NeitherdoID.EitherdoI4．You'vejustfinishedyourlisteningexam.Pleasegetyourselfreadyforthenextpart,________？A．shallweB．willyouC．doyouD．areyou5．—WehaveneverbeentoMexico.WhataboutJeff?—________.Hehopestovisitsomeday.A．NeitherhasheB.NeitherdoesheC．SohasheD.Sodoeshe6．Shecanhardlywriteherownname,________？A．cansheB．can'tsheC．needsheD．needn'tshe7.—Ireallyhatetogotosuchanoisyplace.—________．A．SoamIB.SodoIC．SohaveID.SocanI8．—Youhaven'tbeentotheWestLake,haveyou?—________.ButIwillgotherewithmyparentsthissummervacation.A．No,Ihaven'tB．No,Ididn'tC．Yes,IhaveD.Yes,Idid9．Ourtownhaschangedalot，________.A．sohehasB.sohashisC．soishersD.sohashe10．—It'ssunnytoday.Let'sgomountainclimbing,________？—Goodidea!A．shallweB．willyouC．won'tyouD．doyou11．Nothingismoreimportantthanlife,________？A．isitB．isn'titC．aretheyD．aren'tthey12．—Wouldyouliketogototheamusementpark?—IfJackdoes,________．A．Igo,tooB.sowillIC．neitherwillID.sodoI13．—________afraidofmakingmistakes.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.—Thanksforencouragingme.A．Don'tB．Don'tbeC．NotbeD．Benot14．—Samdidn'tgotoschoolyesterday,didhe?—________.Hewasillyesterday.A．Yes,hedidB.No,hedidC．No,hedidn'tD.Yes,hedidn't15．—________wouldyouliketochoosetolivein,Chengdu,BeijingorShanghai?—Chengdu,Ithink.A．HowB.WhatC．WhenD.Which16．—________canyoufinishthisEnglishexam?—Inaboutoneandahalfhours.A．HowfarB.HowoftenC．HowsoonD.Howlong________.It'sbadforyourhealth.A．Don'ttoeattoomuchB．NoeattoomuchC．NevereattoomuchD．Nevereatingtoomuch18．—________lateforschoolagain,Tom.—Sorry,IpromisethatI________.A．Don't;won'tB．Don'tbe;won'tC．Don'tbe;don'tD．Don't;will19．—________doyouhangoutwithyourfriends?—Onceaweek.A．Howlong　　　B．HowmanyC．HowsoonD．Howoften20．________thisrockmusic,please.I'mafraidsomepeoplecan'tstandthenoise!A．StoppingB．StopC．StopsD．Stopped21．—IsthisaChinesebookoranEnglishbook?—Oh.________．A．Yes,itisB．No,itisn'tC．AnEnglishbookD．Amusicbook22．—________didyoureceivetheletter?—Justnow.A．What　B．When　C．Where　D．Why23．—________？—Theoneonthestage.A．WhoareboysB．Where'stheboyC．Who'sthatboyD．Whichboy24．—Haveyouwateredthetrees?—________.I'mtoobusyandIforgetit.A．Yes,IdidB．Yes,IhaveC．No,Ididn'tD．No,Ihaven't25．________wonderfulnewsreporthewrote!Allofuswereproudofhim.A．WhataB．WhatC．HowD．Howa26．________goodadvicetheteachergaveme!A．HowB．WhatC．WhataD．Howa27．—Tony,________areyouinsuchahurry?—Themeetingwillstartsoon.Idon'twanttobelate.A．whereB.howC．whenD.why28．________excitingitistoswimintheseawhileitishot!A．HowB．WhatC．HowanD．Whatan29．—________goodtimewehadatthepartylastnight!—Yes.Itwas________excitingpartythatIwouldneverforgetit.A．What;soB．How;suchC．Whata;suchanD．Howa;soan30．—Look，________dirtythewateris!—Yes,weshouldreallytakesomeactionstodealwithit.A．whataB．whatC．howD．howa31．Tellmethewaytothecinema,________you?A．willB.needC．shallD.may32．—Two________diedintheaccident.—________terribleitis!A．policemen;How　B．policeman;WhatC．police;WhatD．policemans;How33．—Dad,doyoulikemypicture?—________！It'sthenicestoneI'veeverseen!A．WhatbeautifulB．HowcarefulC．HowwonderfulD．Whatwonderfulpicture34．________funitistohaveicecreaminhotsummer!A．WhataB.HowC．WhatD.Howa35．—Tomhadgothighmarksinthelastexam.—________，andsodidI.A．SohehadB．SohadheC．SohedidD．Sodidhe36．Ifyouwanttogotoseethemoviethisevening,so____I.A．do　　B．am　　C．will　D．should37．Hey,Nick.________comesthelastbus!Hurryup,orwe'llhavetowalkhome.A．ThisB．ThereC．ThatD．It38．MoYanwontheNobelPrizeforLiteraturelastyear.________excellentheis!A．HowB.WhatC．WhataD.Whatan39．________badweatheritis!Let'sstayathomeandwatchTV.A．How　　　B.What　　　C．Whata40．Onlybytakingmoreexercise________keephealthy.A．canyouB．youcanC．areyouD．youare