第三章-第二课时

第三章主谓一致（2）并列连接词1.平行并列连接词and可以连接两个或两个以上的主语。谓语动词用复数形式。AnnANDherfriendAREgoingtothebeach.Mathematics,history,ANDscienceAREmandatoryhigh-schoolsubjects.第三章主谓一致（2）2.从属并列连接词修饰主语时，谓语动词的单复数由A决定。Ann,aswellasherfriends,ISgoingtothebeach.History,inadditiontoMathematicsandscience,ISarequiredsubject.第三章主谓一致（2）AwithBA,includingBAaswellasBA,togetherwithBA,alongwithBA,nolessthanBA,morethanBAbesidesBAexceptBAinadditionBAaccompaniedB第三章主谓一致（2）3.or,but,either,neither等连接主语时谓语动词的单复数由B决定，也就是常说的就近原则。AorB;notAbutB;AnorB;notonlyAbutalsoB;eitherAorB;neitherAnorB第三章主谓一致（2）NeitherthecoachnortheplayersAREgoingtothebeach.NeithertheplayersnorthecoachISgoingtothebeach.注意：若仅仅只有eitherorneither，没有or、nor，则谓语动词一定要用单数。第三章主谓一致（2）4.集合名词：一般被认为是单数名词，通常跟单数谓语。包括：People:agency,army,audience,class,committee,crowd,orchestra,teamItems:baggage,citrus,equipment,fleet,fruit,furniture第三章主谓一致（2）TheCROWDinthestandsIScheeringloudlyasthehomeTEAMTAKESthefield.OurARMYofahundredthousandsoldiersISattackingtheenemy.第三章主谓一致（2）5.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。代词是指能够指代名词或代词的词。不定代词是泛指形式的代词。(1)以-one,-body或者-thing结尾的不定代词anyone,anybody,anything;noone,nobody,nothing;someone,somebody,something;everyone,everybody,everything第三章主谓一致（2）(2)其他：whatever,whoever;each,every;either,neitherEverydogHASpaws.EverydogandcatHASpaws.EachoftheseshirtsISpretty.第三章主谓一致（2）(3)SANAM—五个特殊的不定代词：Some,Any,None,All,More/MostSomeofthemoneyWASstolenfrommywallet.(moneyissingular)SomeofthedocumentsWEREstolenfromthebank.(documentsisplural)第三章主谓一致（2）6.Each和Every(1)each或every充当主语时谓语动词用单数。(2)each或every如果放在主语之后充当同位语时，谓语动词需跟each或every之前的主语的单复数一致。TheyeachAREgreattennisplayers.第三章主谓一致（2）1.Althoughitclaimstodelveintopoliticalissues,televisioncanbesuperficialsuchaswheneachofthethreemajornetworksbroadcastexactlythesamestatementfromapoliticalcandidate.(A)superficialsuchaswheneachofthethreemajornetworks(B)superficial,ascansomethingoccurifallofthethreemajornetworks(C)superficialifthethreemajornetworksall(D)superficialwhenevereachofthethreemajornetworks(E)superficial,aswhenthethreemajornetworkseach第三章主谓一致（2）2.ScientistssaythateachofthephotographstakenoftheAresVallisplainbytheMarsPathfinderindicatetheoverwhelmingextenttofloodingontheplanetbillionsofyearsagoandthedegreethatrockswerescatteredbyitsforce.(A)indicatetheoverwhelmingextenttofloodingontheplanetbillionsofyearsagoandthedegreethat(B)indicatethattheextentofthefloodsontheplanetbillionsofyearsagowasoverwhelmingandthedegreetowhich第三章主谓一致（2）(C)indicatetheoverwhelmingextentofthefloodsontheplanetbillionsofyearsagoandthedegreetowhich(D)indicatestheoverwhelmingextentofthefloodingontheplanetbillionsofyearsagoandthedegreetowhich(E)indicatestheoverwhelmingextenttofloodingontheplanetbillionsofyearsagoandthedegreethat第三章主谓一致（2）7.量词(1)atotalof+复数名词做主语，谓语动词用复数。(2)thenumberof+复数名词做主语，用单数；anumberof复数名词做主语，用复数。(3)theaverageof+复数名词做主语，用单数；anaverageof复数名词做主语，用复数。ThenumberofhardworkingstudentsinthisclassISquitelarge.AnumberofstudentsinthisclassAREhardworkers.第三章主谓一致（2）(4)Half,part,majority,minority,plurality,therestof,no,分数或百分数，根据所修饰的名词的单数确定谓语动词的单复数。HalfofthepieISblueberry,andhalfoftheslicesAREalreadygone.ThemajorityofthestudentsinthisclassAREhardworkers.IntheSenate,themajorityHAScoalescedintoaunifiedvotingblock.Nojobhasmoreinfluenceonthefutureoftheworld.Noletterssurvivefromthisearlyperiod.第三章主谓一致（2）练习1.ALaborDepartmentstudystatesthatthenumbersofwomenemployedoutsidethehomegrewbymorethanathirty-fivepercentincreaseinthepastdecadeandaccountedformorethansixty-twopercentofthetotalgrowthinthecivilianworkforce.(A)numbersofwomenemployedoutsidethehomegrewbymorethanathirty-fivepercentincrease第三章主谓一致（2）(B)numbersofwomenemployedoutsidethehomegrewmorethanthirty-fivepercent(C)numbersofwomenemployedoutsidethehomewereraisedbymorethanthirty-fivepercent(D)numberofwomenemployedoutsidethehomeincreasedbymorethanthirty-fivepercent(E)numberofwomenemployedoutsidethehomewasraisedbymorethanathirty-fivepercentincrease第三章主谓一致（2）练习2.Complexhumantraitssuchasartistictalentorsocialskillarelikelytobeshapedbythousands,ifnottensofthousands,ofthe80,000orsogenesinthehumangenome.(A)suchasartistictalentorsocialskillarelikelytobeshapedbythousands,ifnottensofthousands,ofthe80,000orso(B)suchasartistictalentorsocialskillarelikelyshapedbythousands,ifnottensofthousands,of80,000orsoofthe第三章主谓一致（2）(C)suchasartistictalentorsocialskillislikelytobeshapedbythousands,ifnottensofthousands,of80,000orsoofthe(D)likeartistictalentorsocialskillislikelytobeshapedbythousands,ifnottensofthousands,ofthe80,000orso(E)likeartistictalentorsocialskillarelikelyshapedbythousands,ifnottensofthousands,ofthe80,000orso第三章主谓一致（2）练习3.Regardlessoftheirformorfunction,allaerodynamicallyenhanced,curvedobjectsmadeforthrowinghavebeencalledboomerangsbynon-Australianseversince1788,whenEuropeanssawDharug-speakingmentossing"bumariny"inthearealaterknownasSydney.(A)Regardlessoftheirformorfunction,allaerodynamicallyenhanced,curvedobjectsmadeforthrowinghavebeencalledboomerangsbynon-Australianseversince1788,(B)Regardlessoftheirformorfunction,anyaerodynamicallyenhanced,curvedobjectmadeforthrowinghasbeencalledaboomerangbynon-Australianseversince1788,第三章主谓一致（2）(C)Eversince1788,non-Australianshavecalledallaerodynamicallyenhanced,curvedobjectsmadeforthrowingboomerangs,regardlessoftheirformorfunction,from(D)Eversince1788,anyaerodynamicallyenhanced,curvedobjectmadeforthrowinghasbeencalledaboomerangbynon-Australians,regardlessofitsformorfunction,from(E)Non-Australianshavecalledallaerodynamicallyenhanced,curvedobjectsmadeforthrowingboomerangseversince1788,regardlessoftheirformorfunction,from第三章主谓一致（2）练习4.Althoughtheturtlehasbeentoothlessformorethan150millionyears,insomecontemporaryturtlespeciesthemoderatelysharpandjaggededgesoftheirhornyjawsfunctionforteeth.(A)theirhornyjawsfunctionforteeth(B)itshornyjawsfunctionforteeth(C)itshornyjawsfunctionasdoteeth(D)thehornyjawsfunctionasteethdo(E)thehornyjawsfunctionasteeth第三章主谓一致（2）练习5.Changesinthecompositionofthelightofasupernova--anexplodingstar--revealsnotonlythechemicalelementsintheexplosionbutalsothespeedofexpandingtheouterlayersofstellargas.(A)revealsnotonlythechemicalelementsintheexplosionbutalsothespeedofexpandingtheouterlayersofstellargas(B)revealsnotonlywhatchemicalelementsareintheexplosionbutalsothespeedatwhichtheouterlayersofstellargasareexpanding第三章主谓一致（2）(C)notonlyrevealthechemicalelementsintheexplosionbutalsothespeedoftheexpandingouterlayersofstellargas(D)notonlyrevealwhatchemicalelementsareintheexplosionbutalsothespeedoftheouterlayersofstellargaswhentheyareexpanding(E)revealnotonlythechemicalelementsintheexplosionbutalsothespeedatwhichtheouterlayersofstellargasareexpanding第三章主谓一致（2）练习6.Theabilityofscientiststoprovidemodelsoftheatmosphere'scomplexresponsestochangingconditions,likeseasonalanddailycyclesordifferentplanetaryconjunctions,havebecomeevermoreaccurate.(A)Theabilityofscientiststoprovidemodelsoftheatmosphere'scomplexresponsestochangingconditions,likeseasonalanddailycyclesordifferentplanetaryconjunctions,havebecomeevermoreaccurate.(B)Theabilityofscientistshasbecomeevermoreaccurateinprovidingmodelsoftheatmosphere'scomplexresponsestochangingconditions,suchasseasonalanddailycyclesordifferentplanetaryconjunctions.第三章主谓一致（2）(C)Scientistshavebecomeabletoprovideevermoreaccuratemodelsoftheatmosphere'scomplexresponsestosuchchangingconditionsasseasonalanddailycyclesordifferentplanetaryconjunctions.(D)Scientistshavebecomeevermoreaccurateintheirabilityforprovidingmodelsoftheatmosphere'scomplexresponsestochangingconditions,likeseasonalanddailycyclesordifferentplanetaryconjunctions.(E)Scientists'abilitytoprovidemodelsoftheatmosphere'scomplexresponsestosuchchangingconditionsasseasonalanddailycyclesordifferentplanetaryconjunctionshavebecomeevermoreaccurate.第三章主谓一致（2）