人教版英语八下Unit3 知识点

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?SectionA知识点一    Couldyoupleasedosth.?的用法“Couldyoupleasedosth.?”用于委婉地提出请求。—Couldyoupleaseopenthewindow?—Yes,sure.—Couldyoupleasefoldyourclothes?—Noproblem.没问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 。拓展　“Couldyoupleasedosth.?”的答语有如下两种情况:接受请求时可以用Yes,sure./Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem./Withpleasure.等来回答拒绝请求时可以用Sorry./Sorry,Ican't.等来回答,还可以用Ihavetodosth.来解释原因“Couldyoupleasedosth.”的否定形式是“Couldyoupleasenotdosth.”—Couldyoupleasecleantheroom?—　　    Ihavetodomyhomeworknow.A.Yes,sure.　　B.Sorry,Ican't.C.Noproblem.　　D.Whynot?Couldyouplease　　    thepianosoloudly?Yourbrotherishavingarestnow.A.nottoplay　　B.notplayC.don'tplay　　D.tonotplay—CouldIuseyouriPad,Jim?—　　    Ihavetouseittoworknow.A.Yes,youcan.　　B.Whynot?C.Noway.　　D.Sorry,youcan't.知识点二    takeout的用法takeout“取出;拿出”takeouttherubbish意为“倒垃圾”宾语是名词,该名词可以位于take和out之间,也可以位于takeout之后。宾语是代词,该代词只能位于take和out之间。Pleasetakeouttheoldnewspapers.=Pleasetaketheoldnewspapersout.Mywalletisinthebag.Ihavetotakeitoutfirst.根据汉语提示完成句子,每空一词请把这些旧 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 拿出去。Please　　    　　    theseoldbooks.知识点三    做家务的短语表达拓展　和“家务劳动”有关的短语有:Mymother____________________（正在扫地）atthemoment.Ihelpmymother　　　　　   ______ (洗餐具)everyday.Mymotherisbusy,sosheusually　　    　　    　　    （叠衣服）intheevening.Couldyouplease_________________（倒垃圾）?Hepickedupthebroom（扫帚）tohelpme　　    .A.dothedishes　　B.makethebedC.foldhisclothes　　D.sweepthefloor—Whatareyoudoing?—Iamdoingthe　　    .Look!Howdirtymyclothesare!A.dishes　　B.reading　　C.shopping　　D.washingHerfatherlikes　　    dinnerbuthates　　    thedishes.A.making;making　　B.doing;doingC.making;doing知识点四    throw的用法　　throw---threw---thrown。“扔;掷”Ithrewaballtoherandshecaughtit.拓展　throw的常用搭配有:throwdown扔下Hethrewdownthebookandwentaway.他扔下书便走了。throwat扔向;掷向Shelookedaroundthekitchenforsomethingtothrowatthelion.她环顾厨房想找些东西向狮子扔去。throwaway扔掉;丢弃Itisawastetothrowawaygoodfood.把好的食物扔掉是浪费。Pickoutgoodapplesfromthebox,and　　    therest.A.throwdown　　B.throwawayC.throwat　　D.throwsHe　　    　　    （扔下）theschoolbagandwalkedintothebedroom.Weshould　　    (扔)therubbishintothedustbin.知识点五    allthetime的用法allthetime意为“一直;总是”,为固定短语。YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你一直看电视,在家从不帮忙!拓展　其他常见的time短语attimes不时;有时intime及时ontime按时forthefirsttime第一次innotime立即;马上atalltimes随时haveagood/great/wonderfultime玩得愉快atthesametime同时bythetime到……时候Whenyou'reinvitedtohavedinnerathomebyanAmericanfriend,youshouldbe　　    oralittlelater.It'sdifferentfromourChinesecustom.A.ontime　　B.onbusinessC.onshow知识点六    as...as...的用法as...as...表示“和……一样……”,as...as...之间要用形容词或副词的原级。I'mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一样累!Sheisastallasherelderbrother.她和她哥哥一样高。他和迈克一样高。Heis　　    　　    　　    Mike.as…as…的否定结构是notas/so…as“不如……;比不上…”Sheisnotas/sotallasherelderbrother.她没有她哥哥个子高。Mymathteacherlivesanactivelife.Shelooksas　　    asshewastenyearsago.A.young　　B.younger　　C.theyoungest　　　D.youngestLisaworksas　　    ashersister.Theybothworkinthiscompany.A.careful　　B.morecarefulC.carefully　　D.morecarefullyDanielis　　    histwinbrother.Theyareboth1.75meterstall.A.tallerthan　　B.shorterthanC.astallas　　D.sotallas　Thelocalguidespoke　　    shecouldtomakethevisitorsunderstandher.A.asclearas　　B.asclearlyasC.soclearas　　D.soclearlyasMymotherishard-working.　　    shedoesformyfamily,　　    shefeels.A.Themuch;thehappy　　B.Themore;thehappierC.More;happier　　D.Themost;thehappiest—Idon'tthinkhistoryismoreusefulthanphysics.—Idisagree.Inmyopinion,historyis　　    physics.A.asusefulas　　B.notsousefulasC.lessusefulthan　　D.themostusefulof—HowdoyouimproveyourEnglish?—　　    youspeak,　　    yourEnglishwillbe.A.Theless;themoreB.Themore;thebetterC.Theless;thebetterD.Themore;theless　　    kidslearntobeindependent,　　    itisfortheirfuture.A.Earlier;better　　B.Theearlier;thebetterC.Theearliest;thebest　　D.Theearly;thegoodAlanisas　　    asLucyintheirclass.A.tall　　B.taller　　C.tallest　　D.thetaller　　    themountainis,　　    theairis.A.Thehighest;thethinnestB.Higher;thinnerC.Thehigher;thethinner知识点七    neither引导的倒装句　Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周她没有做任何家务,我也没有做。　句中的neitherdidI是neither引导的倒装句,“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”,表示“……也不”前者所叙述的否定事实也适用于后者“neither+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”表示“的确如此”赞同前者所述否定事实—Idon'tlikepopmusic.我不喜欢流行音乐。—NeitherdoI.我也不喜欢。拓展　so引导的倒装句“so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”“...也是”当前面叙述的肯定事实也适用于后者时“so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”“的确如此”赞成前者所述肯定事实ShelikesmusicandsodoI.她喜欢音乐,我也喜欢。Shehasn'treaditandneitherhaveI.她没有读它,我也没有读。—Ididn'tgotothezoolastweekend.—　　    .A.Ididn't,too　　B.NeitherdidIC.SodidI　　D.Sodidn'tIIalwayshatebeinglateforschool.—　　    .A.SoamI　　B.SodoI　　C.SoIam　　D.SoIdoNeitherofusatefish.Shedidn'teatfish._________.A.Ididn't,too　　B.NeitherdidIC.SodidI　　D.Sodidn'tI—Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithme,Mum?—Ifyourdaddoesn'tgo,　　    .A.neitherdidI　　B.sodoIC.neitherwillI　　D.sowillIShedoesn'tlikelisteningtoEXO'ssongsand　　    　　    　　    .A.neitherdoIB.sodoIC.soIdoD.NeitherIdo—Idon'tlikehorrorfilms.They'reterrible.—　　    .A.EitherIdo　　B.NeitherIdoC.EitherdoI　　D.NeitherdoIIdidn'tbuyanythingformyselfand　　    Jack.A.sodid　　B.sodidn'tC.neitherdid　　D.neitherdidn't知识点八    insurprise的用法“Whathappened?”sheaskedinsurprise.她吃惊地问道:“发生什么事了?”insurprise意为“惊讶地”,surprise是名词,意为“惊讶”,surprise还可以作动词,意为“使惊讶”。Shelookedatmeinsurprise.她惊讶地看着我。Yourstorysurprisedmesomuch.你的故事使我太惊讶了。Wedidn'tbelievewhathesaid.Welookedathim　　    surprise.A.for　　B.with　　C.in　　D.onShelookedatme　　    greatsurpriseandaskedafteralongwhile,“Didn'tyouleaveforBeijingthismorning?”A.at　　B.in　　C.of　　D.onTheylookedatthestranger　　    surprise.A.for　　B.with　　C.in　　D.onSectionB知识点一    inorderto的用法Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.本句中inordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity是目的状语,其中inorderto表示“目的是;为了”,后跟动词原形。inordertodosth.表示“为了做某事”,否定:inordernottodosth.“为了不做某事”。Westartedearlyinordertoarrivebeforedark.为了在天黑前到达,我们很早就动身了。Hegotupearlyinordernottobelateforschool.为了上学不迟到,他起得很早。拓展    Hestudiedhardsothat/inorderthathecouldpasstheexam.=Hestudiedhardto/inordertopasstheexam.为了能通过考试,他努力学习。　    stopmoreaccidents,weshouldslowdown.A.Inorderthat　　　B.Thanksfor　　　C.Thanksto　　　D.Inorderto知识点二    provide的用法provide是及物动词,表示“提供;供应”,后可接名词或代词作宾语,具体用法如下:providesb.withsth.Sheepprovideuswithwool.providesth.forsb.Thehotelprovidesashoe-cleaningserviceforguests.offersb.sth.“为某人提供某物”offersth.tosb.Wedon'tneedtotakeanyfood.Thehotelwill　　    freemealsforus.A.offer　　B.provide　　C.give　　D.sendIfwetravelabroad,weprefertostayinfive-starhotels.That'sbecausethey　　    guestswiththebestservicetomakethemfeelathome.A.preview　　B.provide　　C.preventItistheparents'jobto_______acleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.A.offer　　B.provide　　C.give　　D.sendSomepeoplethinkit'stheparents'jobto　　    theirchildren　　    acleanandcomfortableenvironmentathome.A.offer;to　　B.offer;withC.provide;with　　D.provide;toMostparentscanprovideacomfortableenvironmentathome　　    theirchildren.A.with　　B.of　　C.for　　D.in知识点三    dependon的用法dependon是固定短语,表示“依靠;信赖”,也作dependupon。Healthdependsongoodfood,freshairandenoughsleep.Itdependsonwhethershelikesthebossornot.。拓展　常见的“动词+on”的短语有:—Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow?—Well,itall　　    theweather.A.belongsto　　B.happenstoC.dependson　　D.dependon知识点四  takecareof的用法takecareof意为“照顾”。表示“好好照顾”要用takegoodcareof。Iwilltakegoodcareofyourmother.我会好好照顾你妈妈的。Mary,couldyoupleasehelpme　　    mybaby?Iamgoingtodosomeshopping.A.lookfor　　B.lookat　　C.lookafter知识点五    asaresult的用法asaresult意为“结果;因此”,其中result作名词,意为“结果”。Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.Mikedidn'tgiveuphisdream.Asaresult,hisdreamcametrue.Hedidn'tknowtheresultofthecompetition.根据汉语提示完成句子,每空一词Hedidn'tstudyhard.　　    　　    　　    ,hefailedhisexam.他学习不用功,结果考试不及格Theteacherwilltellusthe　　    (结果)ofthecompetition.重难点while的用法while用作连词时,有以下几种含义:释义用法例句当……时候引导时间状语从句WhileIwaswatchingTV,thebellrang.我看电视时,铃响了。虽然,尽管引导让步状语从句Whileheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.虽然他身体不好,但他还是努力工作。而,然而连接两个并列分句,表示对比关系Ilikesingingwhileshelikesdancing.我喜欢唱歌,而她喜欢跳舞。注意　while引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点:1.while引导时间状语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而while引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以从意义上加以区分。Herparentsdiedwhileshewasstillatschool.她还在读书时父母就去世了。(时间状语从句)Whilehewastired,hewentonworking.虽然他累了,但他还是继续工作。(让步状语从句)2.while引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语含有be动词,那么从句的主语和be动词都可以省略。Whilehewasill,hewentthere.(=Whileill,hewentthere.)虽然他病了,但他还是去那里了。3.while引导的时间状语从句,从句中的谓语动词常用延续性动词,表示“与……同时,在……期间”。Whileweweretalking,theteachercamein.我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。InChinaandsomeothercountries,itisimpolitetospeakloudly　　    youarehavingameal.A.before　　B.after　　C.while语法用could提出请求和征求许可本单元的核心语法是用情态动词could提出请求和征求许可。具体如下:1.用could提出请求常见的结构是“Couldyou(please)...?”,意为“你能……吗?”或“请你……好吗?”,是一种比较客气、有礼貌的提出请求的方式。如果同意对方的请求,可以用OK.或Noproblem.等来回答。如果不同意对方的请求,可以用Sorry,Ican't.等来回答,并以委婉的方式来解释原因。—Couldyoupleaseopenthedoor?请你把门打开,好吗?—Sure.当然可以。2.用could征求许可“CouldI...?”,意为“我能/可以……吗?”。回答都不用could,肯定回答用may,can等;否定回答用can't或mustn't(语气重)。有时也可避而不用。—CouldIsmokehere?我可以在这里抽烟吗?—No,youcan't.Lookatthesign“Nosmoking”!不,你不能。看那个“禁止吸烟”的标牌!—CouldIgooutwithmyfriends?—　　    .A.Sorry,youcouldn't　　B.No,youcan'tC.Yes,youcould　　D.No,please—CouldIrideanelectricbicycletoschool,Mr.Wang?—No,you　　    .Studentsundertheageof16aren'tallowedtorideelectricbicycles.A.couldn't　　B.needn't　　C.can't　　D.shouldn't易混点❶both,neither,either,all,noneboth意为“两者都”,用于两者之间,可以和and搭配,both...and...表示“……和……都”neitherneither是both的完全否定形式,表示“两个都不”。可以和nor搭配,neither...nor...表示“……和……都不”either表示“两个人或物中的任何一个”。可以和or搭配,either...or...表示“或者……或者……;要么……要么……”all意为“全部”,用于三者或三者以上的人或物nonenone是all的完全否定形式,意为“没有一个”Webothhaveblackeyesandblackhair,eitheryouoryourfathermustcomeheretoday.Neitherthefathernorthesonisinterestedinthefilm.父子俩对这部电影都不感兴趣。　　    Anna　　    herbrotherlikelisteningtosoftmusic.A.Both;and　　B.Neither;norC.Either;or　　D.Notonly;butalso—Whatwouldyoulike,coffeeortea?—　　    .Ijustneedsomewater.A.Both　　B.Either　　C.Neither　　D.All—Doyoulikerockmusicorlightmusic?—　　    .IlikeBeijingOpera.A.Either　　B.None　　C.Both　　D.Neither—Whichonedoyouwanttobuy,aniPad3oraniPhone5?—　　    .Theyaretooexpensive.A.All　　B.Both　　C.None　　D.Neither—Whydon'tyougetusedtothelifeinBeijing?—　    thecrowdedtraffic　    thehighlivingcost.Theonlyreasonisthebadlypollutedair.A.Notonly;butalso　　B.Either;orC.Both;and　　D.Neither;nor—Whichsportdoyoulikebetter,skiingorskating?—Both.Ithink　　    ofthemisinteresting.A.either　　B.none　　C.neither　　D.all—Doyouknowwherethelasttwopictureswent?—Amillionairebought　　    ofthem.Hethoughttheywereworth.A.either　　B.each　　C.none　　D.both❷borrow,lend,keepborrow表示“借;借来;借入”,指向别人借来东西,常见的搭配是borrowsth.fromsb.lend表示“借给;借出”,指把东西借给别人,常见的搭配是lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.keep表示“长时间地借用”,可以和时间段以及howlong搭配Doyouoftenborrowbooksfromthelibrary?你经常从图书馆借书吗?Thankyouverymuchforlendingittome.非常感谢你把它借给了我。—HowlongcanIkeepthebooks?这些书我可以借多长时间?—Fortwoweeks.两周。Ihavekeptthebooksfortwoweeks.这些书我借了两个星期了。—MayI　　    yourbike?Mineisbroken.—Sure.Butyoumustn't　　    ittoothers.A.borrow;lend　　B.keep;lendC.lend;borrow　　D.keep;borrow—MayI　　    yourbike,Molly?—Sorry.I　　    ittoMikeminutesago.A.borrow;lent　　B.borrow;borrowedC.lend;borrowed　　D.lend;lent—Couldyouplease　　    meyourEnglishbook,Grace?—Certainly.Hereyouare.A.borrow　　B.lend　　C.keep—Excuseme,Peter,canyou　　    mesomemoney?—I'msorry.Ihavenomoneywithmenow.A.borrow　　B.make　　C.take　　D.lend—Couldyou　　    thebookHarryPottertome?—Sure.Hereyouare.A.lend　　B.borrow　　C.lending　　D.toborrowJack　　    apentoJimlastnight.A.beat　　B.lent　　C.borrowed　　D.won