宾语从句专项训练课件

中考复习ByZhangJun简单的说,宾语从句就是一个或是几个从句充当主句中的宾语成分。说明白了吗？?基本概念：宾语从句的类型   1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.   注意:在某些句型中，特别是带复合宾语的 句子 关于阅读的唯美句子关于古风的唯美句子执行力的经典句子鼓励人努力奋斗的句子用沉默代替一切的句子 中，that引导的从句常常移到后面去，前面用一个it作形式上的宾语。(但是，有时it也可以省略）e.g      Weallthoughtitapitythatshecouldn’tcome.     Itookhiswordforitthathewouldtryhisbesttohelpus.（他说他要想一切办法帮我们，我相信他说的是真话。）     Itakeitthatwearetoleaveearly.（我想我们动身是会很早的。）2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.主要类型之三　     由that引导：（在口语或非正式文体中常省略）     e.g      Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.     Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheHeadmaster.     注意：     在某些句型中，特别是带复合宾语的句子中，that引导的从句常常移到后面去，前面用一个it作形式上的宾语。(但是，有时it也可以省略）     e.g      Weallthoughtitapitythatshecouldn’tcome.     Itookhiswordforitthathewouldtryhisbesttohelpus.（他说他要想一切办法帮我们，我相信他说的是真话。）     Itakeitthatwearetoleaveearly.（我想我们动身是会很早的。）注意情况之一　      引导词：      1.由陈述句变来的宾语从句，用连词that等引导，并且在口语中常常省略此词：      e.g       Hesaid（that）hehadanewdictionary.      Iknow(that)Lucycanplayfootballverywell.      但是，如果that引导的是几个 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示并列关系的宾语从句时，最后一个that不能省略。       e.g       Iknow(that)TomcomesfromFranceandthatheteachesinGuilinnow.2.由一般疑问句转换而来的宾语从句，用whether或if引导，并且两词可以互用。但是whether可以和ornot连用，而if不能。      e.g       Iwanttoknowwhether(if)shestilllivesthere.       Pleasetellmewhetheryoucancomeornot.      3.由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句，由特殊疑问词who、whom、whose、which、when、where、why、how等引导。     e.g      Idon’tknowwhosebookitis.Theteacheraskedwhatwashappening.     DoyouknowwhereourEnglishteacherlives?     Hewantedtoknowwhyyoucanplaythepianosowell.注意情况之二　      语句的顺序：       无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。      e.g :  CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheScienceMuseum?      Heaskedhimwherehecamefrom.      Didyouknowwhat’sthenameofthehandsomeboyintheclassroomyesterday？      PleasetellmewhereIcanbuythebeautifulflower.注意情况之三　     时态的变化     1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。     e.g     Ihear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.     Ihear(that)shewillcometomorrow.     Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.     Ihear(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。     e.g     Hesaid(that)hewouldgotoXi’an.     Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.     Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.     Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.     3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。     e.g      Hesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.     Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews.     ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth. 注意情况之四　      标点符号：      宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。      e.g       Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?      Pleasetellmewhatcoloryoulikebest.      Wouldyoupleasetelltheteacherhowoldyouare?注意情况之五　       宾语从句的否定形式：       一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是 think、expect、believe、guess、imagine、suppose等表示“认为，猜想”的心里活动的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中，即否定提前．       e.g        Idon’tthinkit’sgoingtorain.Idon’tbelieveshewilllendyouthemoney.        但是，如果主句中的谓语动词是hope，则不适用于此规则。       e.g        Ihopehewon’tcome. 注意情况之六　       宾语从句中的特殊情形：       在把简单句变为复合句的练习中，千万要注意：       1.句式的转变：若原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用“asksb.todosth.”的句式。       e.g        Don’topenthedoor.（用they作主语变为宾语从句） —Theyasknottoopenthedoor. 2.代词的变化：如果将某人的原话变为宾语从句时，我们就应该考虑代词的变化。       e.g       “IcomefromCanada”,Lucysays.  ——  LucysaysthatshecomesfromCanada.       3.若由一般疑问句或特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，应该用陈述句语序。具体如下：当助动词是does或did时，要去掉助动词，并把动词恢复为第三人称单数形式或过去式；当是其它的助动词时，则要把这些助动词放在主语的后面。       e.g        IaskedTom,“Whatdoyoulikebest?” —  IaskedTomwhathelikedbest.       Theteacheraskedme:“Haveyoureadthebook?” —TheteacheraskedmeifIhavereadthebook.       Heasked,“Whocancarrythebox?” — Heaskedwhocouldcarrythebox.专项训练1、Doyouknowhowmuchhotwater________?A．MumisneededB．doesMumneedC．MumneedsD．didMumneed你答错了，再试试吧！恭喜你，答对了！2、Canyoutellme________?A．whereheisB．whereisheC．heiswhereD．whatishe3、Ididn’tknowhow________toLondon?A．wouldtheygoB．aretheygoingC．theywouldgoD．theyaregoing你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！恭喜你，答对了！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！恭喜你，答对了！你答错了，再试试吧！一、单项选择4、Iwanttoknowhowlong________.A．hashebeenbackB．hashecomebackC．hehasbeenbackD．hehascomeback5、Doyouknow________?A．whatthenewsareB．whatisthenewsC．whatthenewsisD．whatarethenews6.________istruethatshemayfallbehindtheothers.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！恭喜你，答对了！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！恭喜你，答对了！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！恭喜你，答对了！你答错了，再试试吧！7.Theforeignfriendsthink________theChinesepeopleareveryfriendly.A.thatB.ifC.sinceD.because8.I’dliketoknow________Chinese.A.whenhebegantolearnB.whendidhebegintolearnC.whendidhebeginlearningD.forhowlonghebegantolearn9.Theteacheraskedus________theclassroomafterschool.A.cleanedB.cleanC.tocleanD.cleans恭喜你，答对了！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！恭喜你，答对了！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！你答错了，再试试吧！恭喜你，答对了！你答错了，再试试吧！Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoing10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhasbeenrisesdid将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.专项练习1、Doyouknowhowmuchhotwater?A．MumisneededB．doesMumneedC．MumneedsD．didMumneed2、Canyoutellme?A．whereheisB．whereisheC．heiswhereD．whatishe3、Ididn’tknowhowtoLondon?A．wouldtheygoB．aretheygoingC．theywouldgoD．theyaregoing4、IwanttoknowhowlongA．hashebeenbackB．hashecomebackC．hehasbeenbackD．hehascomeback5、Doyouknow?A．whatthenewsareB．whatisthenewsC．whatthenewsisD．whatarethenews6.-----istruethatshemayfallbehindtheothers.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It7.Theforeignfriendsthink-----theChinesepeopleareveryfriendly.A.thatB.ifC.sinceD.because8.I’dliketoknow-----Chinese.A.whenhebegantolearnB.whendidhebegintolearnC.whendidhebeginlearningD.forhowlonghebegantolearn9.Theteacheraskedus-----theclassroomafterschool.A.cleanedB.cleanC.tocleanD.cleans参考答案：CACCCDAAC二、汉译英1、我认为玛丽不回来了。Idon’tthinkMary____________.2、我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。Iwanttoknow_________thereisatraintoBeijing.3、叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。Unclesaidthathe_____________anewnovel.4、杰克说他有重要事情要做。Jacksaidhe_______somethingimportanttodo.Bye-Bye2010年1月