《中华人民共和国劳动法》英文版

《中华人民共和国劳动法》英文版  { 1 } Chapter1-GeneralProvisions  { 2 } Article1  { 3 }ThisLawisherebyformulatedinaccordancewiththeConstitutioninordertoprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflaborers,readjustlaborrelationship,establishandsafeguardthelaborsystemsuitingthesocialistmarketeconomy,andpromoteeconomicdevelopmentandsocialprogress. { 4 } Article2  { 5 }ThisLawappliestoenterprises,individually-ownedeconomicorganizations(hereinafterreferredtoastheemployer)andlaborerswhoformalaborrelationshipwiththemwithintheboundaryofthePeoplesRepublicofChina. { 6 }Statedepartments,institutionalorganizationsandsocialgroupsandlaborerswhoformalaborrelationshipwiththemshallfollowthisLaw. { 7 } Article3  { 8 }Laborershavetherighttobeemployedonanequalbasis,chooseoccupations,obtainremunerationsforlabor,takerests,haveholidaysandleaves,receivelaborsafetyandsanitationprotection,gettraininginprofessionalskills,enjoysocialinsuranceandwelfaretreatment,andsubmitapplicationsforsettlementoflabordisputes,andotherlaborrightsstipulatedbylaw. { 9 }Laborersshallfulfilltheirtasksoflabor,improvetheirprofessionalskills,followrulesonlaborsafetyandsanitation,observelabordisciplineandprofessionalethics. { 10 } Article4  { 11 }Theemployershallestablishandperfectrulesandregulationsinaccordancewithlawandguaranteethatlaborersenjoylaborrightandfulfilllaborobligations. { 12 } Article5  { 13 }TheStateshalltakevariousmeasurestopromoteemployment,developvocationaleducation,formulatelaborstandards,regulatesocialincomes,perfectsocialinsurance,coordinatelaborrelationships,andgraduallyraisethelivingleveloflaborers. { 14 } Article6  { 15 }TheStateshalladvocatelaborersparticipationinsocialvoluntarylabor,laborcompetition,andactivitiesofforwardingrationalproposals;encourageandprotectlaborersinscientificresearch,technicalrenovation,andinvention;andcommendandawardlabormodelsandadvancedworkers. { 16 } Article7  { 17 }Laborersshallhavetherighttoparticipateinandorganizetradeunionsinaccordancewithlaw. { 18 }Tradeunionsshallrepresentandsafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflaborers,andstageactivitiesindependentlyinaccordancewithlaw. { 19 } Article8  { 20 }Laborersshalltakepartindemocraticmanagementthroughworkerscongress,workersrepresentativeassembly,oranyotherformsinaccordancewithlaw,orconsultwiththeemployeronanequalfootingaboutprotectionofthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflaborers. { 21 } Article9  { 22 }ThelabormanagementdepartmentundertheStateCouncilshalltakechargeofthemanagementoflaborofthewholecountry. { 23 }Localpeoplesgovernmentsabovethecountylevelshalltakechargeofthemanagementoflaborinareasundertheirjurisdiction. { 24 } Chapter2-PromotionofEmployment  { 25 } Article10  { 26 }TheStateshallcreateemploymentconditionsandexpandemploymentopportunitiesthroughpromotionofeconomicandsocialdevelopment. { 27 }TheStateshallencourageenterprises,institutionalorganizations,andsocialgroupstostartindustriesorexpandbusinesseswithinthescopeallowedbystipulationsoflawsandadministrativedecreesforthepurposeofincreasingemployment. { 28 }TheStateshallsupportlaborerstoorganizeandemploythemselvesonavoluntarybasisandtogetemployedinindividualbusinesses. { 29 } Article11  { 30 }Localpeoplesgovernmentsatvariouslevelsshalltakemeasurestodevelopvariouskindsofjobagenciesandprovideemploymentservices. { 31 } Article12  { 32 }Laborersshallnotbediscriminatedagainstinemploymentduetotheirnationality,race,sex,orreligiousbelief. { 33 } Article13  { 34 }Womenshallenjoyequalrightsasmeninemployment.SexshallnotbeusedasapretextforexcludingwomenfromemploymentduringrecruitmentofworkersunlessthetypesofworkorpostsforwhichworkersarebeingrecruitedarenotsuitableforwomenaccordingtoStateregulations.Norshallthestandardsofrecruitmentberaisedwhenitcomestowomen. { 35 } Article14  { 36 }Anyspecialstipulationsinlawsandregulationsabouttheemploymentofthedisabled,minoritypeople,anddemobilizedsoldiersshallbeobserved. { 37 } Article15  { 38 }Theemployershallbebannedfromrecruitingjuvenilesundertheageof16. { 39 }Art,sportsandspecial-skillunitsthatplantorecruitjuvenilesundertheageof16shallgothroughexaminationandapprovalproceduresaccordingtorelevantStateregulationsandguaranteetherightoftheemployedtoreceivecompulsoryeducation. { 40 } Chapter3-LaborContractsandCollectiveContracts  { 41 } Article16  { 42 }Laborcontractsareagreementsreachedbetweenlaborersandtheemployertoestablishlaborrelationshipsandspecifytherights,interestsandobligationsofeachparty. { 43 }Laborcontractsshallbeconcludediflaborrelationshipsaretobeestablished. { 44 } Article17  { 45 }Conclusionandalterationoflaborcontractsshallfollowtheprincipleofequality,voluntariness,*andagreementthroughconsultation.Theyshallnotruncountertostipulationsinlawsoradministrativedecrees. { 46 }Laborcontractsshallbecomelegallybindingoncetheyareconcludedinaccordancewithlaw.Thepartiesinvolvedshallfulfillobligationsstipulatedinlaborcontracts. { 47 } Article18  { 48 }Thefollowinglaborcontractsshallbeinvalid; { 49 }(1)Laborcontractsconcludedagainstlawsoradministrativedecrees; { 50 }(2)Laborcontractsconcludedthroughcheating,threat,oranyothermeans. { 51 }Invalidlaborcontractsshallnotbelegallybindingfromtheverybeginningoftheirconclusion.Ifalaborcontractisconfirmedasbeingpartiallyinvalid,theotherpartsshallbevalidifthepartsthatareinvaliddonotaffectthevalidityoftheseotherparts. { 52 }Theinvalidityofalaborcontractshallbeconfirmedbyalabordisputearbitrationcommitteeorapeoplescourt. { 53 } Article19  { 54 }Laborcontractsshallbeconcludedinwrittenformandcontainthefollowingclauses: { 55 }(1)Timelimitofthelaborcontract; { 56 }(2)Contentofwork; { 57 }(3)Laborprotectionandlaborconditions; { 58 }(4)Laborremunerations; { 59 }(5)Labordisciplines; { 60 }(6)Conditionsfortheterminationofthelaborcontract; { 61 }(7)Liabilitiesforviolationsofthelaborcontract. { 62 }Apartfromthenecessaryclausesspecifiedintheprecedingclause,thepartiesinvolvedcanincludeintheirlaborcontractsothercontentsagreeduponbythemthroughconsultation. { 63 } Article20  { 64 }Thetimelimitsoflaborcontractsshallbedividedintofixedandflexibletimelimitsandtimelimitsforthecompletionofcertainamountofwork. { 65 }Laborcontractswithflexibletimelimitsshallbeconcludedbetweenthelaborersandtheemployeriftheformerrequestfortheconclusionoflaborcontractswithflexibletimelimitsafterworkingcontinuouslywiththeemployerformorethen10yearsandwithagreementbetweenbothofthepartiesinvolvedtoprolongtheircontracts. { 66 } Article21  { 67 }Probationperiodscanbeagreeduponinlaborcontracts.Theseprobationperiodsshallnot,however,exceedsixmonthsatthelongest. { 68 } Article22  { 69 }Thepartiesinvolvedinalaborcontractcanreachagreementsintheirlaborcontractsonmattersconcerningthekeepingofthecommercialsecretsoftheemployer. { 70 } Article23  { 71 }Laborcontractsshallterminateupontheexpirationoftheirtimelimitsortheoccurrenceoftheconditionsagreeduponinlaborcontractsbythepartiesinvolvedforterminatingthesecontracts. { 72 } Article24  { 73 }Laborcontractscanberevokedwithagreementreachedbetweenthepartiesinvolvedthroughconsultation. { 74 } Article25  { 75 }Theemployercanrevokelaborcontractsshouldanyoneofthefollowingcasesoccurwithitslaborers: { 76 }(1)Whentheyareprovedduringprobationperiodstobeunqualifiedforemployment; { 77 }(2)Whentheyseriouslyviolatelabordisciplinesortherulesorregulationsoftheemployer; { 78 }(3)Whentheycausegreatlossestotheemployerduetoseriousderelictionofdutiesorengagementinmalpracticeforselfishends; { 79 }(4)Whentheyarebroughttoholdcriminalresponsibilitiesinaccordancewithlaw. { 80 } Article26  { 81 }Theemployercanrevokelaborcontractsshouldanyoneofthefollowingcasesoccur,withitslaborerstobenotified,inwrittenform,ofsuchrevocationin30daysadvance: { 82 }(1)Thelaborerscanneithertakeuptheiroriginaljobsnoranyotherkindsofnewjobsassignedbytheemployeraftercompletionofmedicaltreatmentfortheirillnessesorinjuriesnotsufferedduringwork; { 83 }(2)Thelaborersareincompetentattheirjobsandremainassoevenaftertrainingorafterreadjustingtheworkposts; { 84 }(3)Noagreementsonaalterationoflaborcontractscanbereachedthroughconsultationbetweenandbythepartiesinvolvedwhenmajorchangestakingplaceintheobjectiveconditionsservingasthebasisoftheconclusionofthesecontractspreventthembeingimplemented. { 85 } Article27  { 86 }Incaseitbecomesamustfortheemployertocutdownthenumberofworkforceduringtheperiodoflegalconsolidationwhenitcomestothebrinkofbankruptcyorwhenitrunsdeepintodifficultiesinbusiness,theemployershallexplainthesituationtoitstradeunionorallofitsemployees30daysinadvance,solicitopinionsfromitstradeunionortheemployees,andreporttothelaboradministrativedepartmentbeforeitmakessuchcuts. { 87 }IftheemployercutsitsstaffaccordingtostipulationsinthisArticleandthenseeksrecruitswithinsixmonths,itshallfirstrecruitthosethathavebeencut. { 88 } Article28  { 89 }TheemployershallmakeeconomiccompensationsinaccordancewithrelevantStateregulationsifitrevokeslaborcontractsaccordingtostipulationsinArticle24,Article26andArticle27ofthisLaw. { 90 } Article29  { 91 }TheemployershallnotrevokelaborcontractsinaccordancewithstipulationsinArticle26andArticle27ofthisLawshouldanyoneofthefollowingcasesoccurwithitslaborers: { 92 }(1)Thosewhoareconfirmedtohavetotallyorpartiallylosttheirlaborabilityduetooccupationaldiseasesorwork-relatedinjuries; { 93 }(2)Thosewhoarereceivingtreatmentfortheirdiseasesorinjuriesduringprescribedperiodoftime; { 94 }(3)Womenemployeesduringpregnancy,puerperium,*andnursingperiods; { 95 }(4)Otherscasesstipulatedbylawsandadministrativedecrees. { 96 } Article30  { 97 }Thetradeunionshallhavetherighttoairitsopinionsifitregardsasinappropriatetherevocationofalaborcontractbytheemployer.Iftheemployerviolateslaws,regulationsorlaborcontracts,itstradeunionshallhavetherighttoaskforhandlingthecaseanew.Iflaborersapplyforarbitrationorraiselawsuits,thetradeunionshallrendersupportandhelpinaccordancewithlaw. { 98 } Article31  { 99 }Laborersplanningtorevokelaborcontractsshallgiveawrittennoticetotheiremployerin30daysadvance. { 100 } Article32  { 101 }Laborerscannotify,atanytime,theiremployeroftheirdecisiontorevokelaborcontractsinanyoneofthefollowingcases: { 102 }(1)Duringtheirperiodsofprobation; { 103 }(2)Iftheyareforcedtoworkbytheemployerthroughmeansofviolence,threatordeprivalofpersonalfreedominviolationoflaw; { 104 }(3)Failureonthepartoftheemployertopaylaborremunerationsortoprovidelaborconditionsasagreeduponinlaborcontracts. { 105 } Article33  { 106 }Theemployeesofanenterpriseasonepartymayconcludeacollectivecontractwiththeenterpriseasanotherpartyonlaborrenumerations,workhours,restsandleaves,laborsafetyandsanitation,insurance,welfaretreatment,andothermatters. { 107 }Thedraftcollectivecontractshallbesubmittedtotheworkersrepresentativeassemblyoralltheemployeesfordiscussionandpassage. { 108 }Collectivecontractsshallbesignedbyandbetweenthetradeuniononbehalfoftheemployeesandtheemployer.Inanenterprisethathasnotyetsetupatradeunion,suchcontractsshallbesignedbyandbetweenrepresentativesrecommendedbyworkersandtheenterprise. { 109 } Article34  { 110 }Laborcontractsshallbereportedtolaboradministrativedepartmentsaftertheirconclusion.Laborcontractsshalltakeeffectautomaticallyifnoobjectionsareraisedbytheselaboradministrativedepartmentswithin15daysaftertheyarereceived. { 111 } Article35  { 112 }Laborcontractsconcludedinaccordancewithlawshallhebindingonboththeenterpriseandallofitsemployees.Thestandardsonlaborconditionsandlaborpaymentsagreeduponinlaborcontractsconcludedbetweenindividuallaborersandtheirenterprisesshallnotbelowerthanthosestipulatedincollectivecontracts. { 113 } Chapter4-WorkingHours,Rests,andLeaves  { 114 } Article36  { 115 }TheStateshallpracticeaworkinghoursystemwhereinlaborersshallworkfornomorethaneighthoursadayandnomorethan44hoursaweekontheaverage. { 116 }Article36:Thestateshallpracticeaworkinghoursystemunderwhichlaborersshallworknomorethaneighthoursadayandnomorethan40hoursaweekonaverage(asrevisionofMay1,1997)Article37  { 117 }Incaseoflaborersworkingonthebasisofpiecework,theemployershallrationallyfixquotasofworkandstandardsofpieceworkremunerationinaccordancewiththeworkinghoursystemstipulatedinArticle36ofthisLaw. { 118 } Article38  { 119 }Theemployershallguaranteethatitslaborershaveatleastonedayoffaweek. { 120 } Article39  { 121 }IfanenterprisecannotfollowthestipulationsinArticle36andArticle38ofthisLawduetospecialcharacteristicsofitsproduction,itmayfollowotherrulesonworkandrestwiththeapprovalbylaboradministrativedepartments. { 122 } Article40  { 123 }Theemployershallarrangerestsforlaborersinaccordancewithlawduringthefollowingholidays: { 124 }(1)TheNewYearsDay; { 125 }(2)TheSpringFestival; { 126 }(3)TheInternationalLaborDay; { 127 }(4)TheNationalDay; { 128 }(5)Otherholidaysstipulatedbylawsandregulations. { 129 } Article41  { 130 }Theemployercanprolongworkhoursduetoneedsofproductionorbusinessesafterconsultationwithitstradeunionandlaborers.Theworkhourstobeprolonged,ingeneral,shallbenolongerthanonehouraday,ornomorethanthreehoursadayifsuchprolongingiscalledforduetospecialreasonsandundertheconditionthatthephysicalhealthoflaborersisguaranteed.Theworktimetobeprolongedshallnotexceed,however,36hoursamonth. { 131 } Article42  { 132 }TheprolongingofworkhoursshallnotbesubjecttorestrictionsofstipulationsofArticle41ofthisLawinanyoneofthefollowingcases: { 133 }(1)Needforemergencytreatmentduringoccurrenceofnaturaldisasters,accidentsorotherreasonsthatthreatenthelife,healthorpropertysafetyoflaborers; { 134 }(2)Needfortimelyrush-repairofproductionequipment,transportationlinesorpublicfacilitiesthathavegoneoutoforderandasaresultaffectproductionandpublicinterests; { 135 }(3)Othercasesstipulatedinlawsandadministrativedecrees. { 136 } Article43  { 137 }TheemployershallnotprolongtheworkhoursoflaborersinviolationofthestipulationsofthisLaw. { 138 } Article44  { 139 }Theemployershallpaylaborersmorewageremunerationsthanthosefornormalworkaccordingtothefollowingstandardsinanyoneofthefollowingcases: { 140 }(1)Wagepaymentstolaborersnolessthan150percentoftheirwagesifthelaborersareaskedtoworklongerhours; { 141 }(2)Wagepaymentstolaborersnolessthan200percentoftheirwagesifnorestcanbearrangedafterwardsforthelaborersaskedtoworkondaysofrest; { 142 }(3)Wagepaymentstolaborersnolessthan300percentoftheirwagesifthelaborersareaskedtoworkonlegalholidays. { 143 } Article45  { 144 }TheStatefollowsthesystemofannualleaveswithpay. { 145 }Laborersshallbeentitledtoannualleaveswithpayafterworkingformorethanoneyearcontinuously.SpecificrulesonthisshallbeworkedoutbytheStateCouncil. { 146 } Chapter5-Wages  { 147 } Article46  { 148 }Distributionofwagesshallfollowtheprincipleofdistributionaccordingtoworkandequalpayforequalwork. { 149 }Thelevelofwagesshallberaisedgraduallyonthebasisofeconomicdevelopment.TheStateshallexercisemacroregulationandcontrolovertotalpayrolls. { 150 } Article47  { 151 }TheemployershallfixitsformofwagedistributionandwagelevelonitsownandinaccordancewiththisLawaccordingtothecharacteristicsofitsproductionandbusinessesandeconomicefficiency. { 152 } Article48  { 153 }TheStateshallimplementasystemofguaranteedminimumwages.Specificstandardsonminimumwagesshallbestipulatedbyprovincial,autonomousregionalandmunicipalpeoplesgovernmentsandreportedtotheStateCouncilforregistration. { 154 }Theemployershallpaylaborerswagesnolowerthanlocalstandardsonminimumwages. { 155 } Article49  { 156 }Standardsonminimumwagesshallbefixedandreadjustedwithcomprehensivereferencetothefollowingfactors: { 157 }(1)Thelowestlivingcostsoflaborersthemselvesandthenumberoffamilymemberstheysupport; { 158 }(2)Averagewagelevelofthesocietyasawhole; { 159 }(3)Productivity; { 160 }(4)Situationofemployment; { 161 }(5)Differencesbetweenregionsintheirlevelsofeconomicdevelopment. { 162 } Article50  { 163 }Wagesshallbepaidtolaborersthemselvesintheformofcurrencyonamonthlybasis.Thewagespayabletolaborersshallnotbedeductedordelayedwithoutreason. { 164 } Article51  { 165 }Theemployershallpaywagestolaborersinaccordancewithlawwhentheyhavelegalholidays,takeleavesduringperiodsofmarriageormourning,andparticipateinsocialactivitiesinaccordancewithlaw. { 166 } Chapter6-LaborSafetyandSanitation  { 167 } Article52  { 168 }Theemployershallestablishandperfectitssystemforlaborsafetyandsanitation,strictlyabidebyStaterulesandstandardsonlaborsafetyandsanitation,educatelaborersinlaborsafetyandsanitation,preventaccidentsintheprocessoflabor,andreduceoccupationalhazards. { 169 } Article53  { 170 }LaborsafetyandsanitationfacilitiesshallmeetState-fixedstandards. { 171 }Thelaborsafetyandsanitationfacilitiesofnewprojectsandprojectsofrenovationandexpansionshallbedesigned,constructedandputintooperationanduseatthesametimeasthemainprojects. { 172 } Article54  { 173 }TheemployershallprovidelaborerswithlaborsafetyandsanitationconditionsmeetingStatestipulationsandnecessaryarticlesoflaborprotection,andcarryoutregularhealthexaminationforlaborersengagedinworkwithoccupationalhazards. { 174 } Article55  { 175 }Laborerstobeengagedinspecialoperationsshallreceivespecializedtrainingandacquirequalificationsforthesespecialoperations. { 176 } Article56  { 177 }Laborersshouldstrictlyfollowrulesonsafeoperationintheprocessoflabor. { 178 }Laborersshallhavetherighttorefusetofollowordersifthemanagementpersonneloftheemployerdirectorforcethemtoworkinviolationofregulations,andtocriticize,exposeandaccuseanyactsendangeringthesafetyoftheirlifeandphysicalhealth. { 179 } Article57  { 180 }TheStateshallestablishasystemforthestatisticalreportandtreatmentofaccidentsofinjuriesordeathsandcasesofoccupationaldiseases.Thelaboradministrativedepartmentsandotherrelevantdepartmentsunderthepeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelandtheemployershall,inaccordancewithlaw,carryoutstatisticalreportanddispositionwithrespecttoaccidentsofinjuriesordeathsoccurredtolaborersintheprocessoftheirworkandsituationsofoccupationaldiseases. { 181 } Chapter7-SpecialProtectionforFemaleStaffandWorkersandJuvenileWorkers  { 182 } Article58  { 183 }TheStateprovidesspecialprotectiontofemalestaffandworkersandjuvenileworkers.Juvenileworkersrefertolaborersupto16yearsoldbutbelow18yearsold. { 184 } Article59  { 185 }Itisforbiddentoarrangeundergroundworkforwomenworkersatmines,oranylaborwithGradeIVphysicallaborintensityasstipulatedbytheState,orotherlaborforbiddentowomen. { 186 } Article60  { 187 }Itisforbiddentoengagewomenworkersinworkhighabovetheground,underlowtemperatures,orincoldwaterduringtheirmenstrualperiodsorlaborwithGradeIIIphysicallaborintensityasstipulatedbytheState. { 188 } Article61  { 189 }ItisforbiddentoengagewomenworkersduringtheirpregnancyinworkwithGradeIIIphysicallaborintensityasstipulatedbytheStateorotherworktheStatepreventsthemfromdoingduringpregnancy.Itisforbiddentoprolongtheworkhoursofwomenworkerspregnantforsevenmonthsoraskthemtoworknightshifts. { 190 } Article62  { 191 }Birth-givingwomenworkersshallbeentitledtomaternityleavesnoshorterthan90days. { 192 } Article63  { 193 }ItisforbiddentoengagewomenworkersinworkwithGradeIIIphysicallaborintensityasstipulatedbytheStateduringtheirbreast-feedingofbabieslessthanoneyearoldandotherlabortheSatepreventsthemfromdoingduringtheirbreastfeedingperiods.Neithershalltheirworkhoursbeprolongednortheybeaskedtoworknightshiftsduringtheseperiods. { 194 } Article64  { 195 }Itisforbiddentoengageunderageworkersinworkunderwellsatmines,poisonousorharmfulwork,laborGradeIVphysicallaborintensityasstipulatedbytheState,oranyotherlabourtheStatepreventsthemfromdoing.