英语的时态（3）　 　

nullnull高三英语总复习语法系列训练英语的时态 （3）null九、将来进行时 （1）将来进行时概念： 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。 She'll be coming soon. I'll be meeting him sometime in the future.（2） 将来进行时的用法： a) 表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。如： This time tomorrow I shall be flying to Guangzhou. 明天这个时候我将在飞往广州的途中。 What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning? 明天上午八点钟你将做什么? I hope you won't be feeling too tired. 我希望你不要太累。 We'll be watching television all evening. 我们整个晚上都将看电视。nullb) 表示将来被客观情况所决定的动作或者按照安排将要发生的动作。如： We'll be having tea after dinner as usual. 像通常一样，我们晚饭后将要喝茶。 The leaves will be falling soon. 树叶很快就会脱落。 We shall be having a meeting tomorrow morning. 我们明天要开一个会。 I’ll be taking my holidays soon. 我不久即将度假。注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能说 I'll be having a talk with her.（3）将来进行时常用的时间状语: soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等。 By this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach.null十、将来完成时 将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在时的从句连用。 例如： By the end of this week, I shall have finished the book. 到本周末，我将读完这本书。 By this time tomorrow they will have repaired the machine. 明天这时候，他们将修好这台机器。 The children will have gone to sleep by the time we get home. 到我们回家时，孩子们将已睡了。 When you come tonight at eight o'clock，I shall have written my paper. 你今晚八点钟来时，我将会写完文章了。 By next year our teacher will have taught English for twenty years. 到明年我们的老师将已教二十年英语了。null注意： 将来完成时表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作或状态。使用这种时态时，多会涉及两个动作或状态，一个在前，一个在后；叙述前面的动作或状态，动词要用将来完成时；叙述后面的动作或状态，动词要用一般现在时。 We will have completed the work before you come. We will have played ball when you come. （或 when you come, we will have played ball.） He says that he will have graduated from a university before you return home.By the end of this month, we surely ____ a satisfactory solution to the problem. A. have found B. will be found C. will have found D. are finding The conference ____ a full week by the time it ends. A. must have lasted 　　 B. will have lasted C. would last 　　 D. has lasted null十一、现在完成进行时的用法 1)表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。现在这个动作可能已经终止，也可能仍然在进行着。如： I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。(动作不再延续下去) It has been raining for three hours. 雨已经下了三个小时了。(动作可能延续) “How long have you been learning English?” “I have been learning English for two years.” 你英语学多久了? ---- 我学了两年了。(动作可能延续) “Why are you so dirty?” “I've been playing football.” 你身上怎么这样脏? ---- 我刚才踢足球了。(动作不再延续下去) 2)有些不能用现在进行时态的动词，如be，have like，love，know，see，hear等，同样也不能用现在完成进行时，而只能用现在完成时。如： She has been ill for a long time. 她已经病了好久了。 I have not seen you for ages. 我好久没有见到你了。 null怎样区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时是一兼有现在完成时和现在进行时二者基本特点的时态。由于它有现在完成时的特点，所以它可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响。由于它有现在进行时的特点，所以它也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性乃至感情色彩。 现在就现在完成进行时的这些特点和现在完成时作一简单的比较： null（1）现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果，但前者所表示的结果是直接的，而后者所表示的则是最后的结果。如： We have been cleaning the classroom．（a） We have cleaned the classroom．（b） （a）句可译为“我们打扫教室来着。”其直接结果可能是：我们身上都是灰。（b）句可以译为“我们把教室打扫过了。”其结果是：现在教室很清洁，可以用了。又，（a）句表示教室刚刚打扫过，（b）句则可能表示教室是昨天打扫的。 Be careful! John has been painting the door．（a） John has painted the door．（b） （a）句表示约翰刚刚把门油漆过，现在油漆还未干，所以你要小心。（b）句则无此含义，油漆可能已干了。null（2）现在完成进行时有时有延续性，现在完成时往往没有。如： They have been widening the road．（a） They have widened the road．（b） （a）句的意思是他们在加宽马路，但尚未完工。（b）句的意思则是已完工了。 有时现在完成时有延续性（如一些属于持续体的动词），但无临时性质。如： Mr. Smith has been living in London since 1978．（a） Mr. Smith has lived in London since 1979．（b） （a）句有“史密斯先生在伦敦久居”的含义，（b）句则没有。（3）但现在完成进行时并不总是具有临时的性质，如： My mother has been teaching English for twenty years．（a） My mother has taught English for twenty years.（b） （a）句在此并无临时性质，但较口语化。（b）句则较为正式。又，（a）句表示动作现在仍在继续．并将延续下去，（b）句的动作是否延续下去，须由上下文决定，但在一般情况下都是延续下去的。null（4）现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性。如： Have you been meeting her lately？（a） Have you met her lately？（b） （a）句有“经常相会”之意，（b）句则没有。（b）句如与often，every day等时间状语连用，当然也表示动作在重复。（5）现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩可言。如： What have you been doing？（a） What have you done？（b） （a）句表示惊异。（b）句只是一个问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 。 I have been wanting to meet you for long．（a） I have long wanted to meet you．（b） （a）句比（b）句更亲切，更有礼貌。 Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly．（a） Recently Mary has done her work regularly．（b） （a）句显然是在表扬玛丽。（b）只说明一个事实。null下面还有一例，颇为有趣: Who's been eating my apples？（a） Who's eaten my apples？（b） （a）句有强烈的感情色彩，表示愤怒不满，（b）句只是希望回答的一个问题。又，（a）句兼有进行时态，所以有“苹果未被全部吃光”的意思，（b）句是完成时态，说明“苹果一个不剩了”。null1.He stepped into the office, _____ down and began to fill in the forms. A. sitting B. to sit C. sat D. having it 2.She said she would telephone but we _____from her so far. A.haven’t heard B.didn’t hear C.hadn’t heard D.won’t hear 3.When I got to the cinema, the film____for ten minutes. A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was 4.I’ll go with you as soon as I____my homework. A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing D.finished 5.If it_____tomorrow,I won’t go to the cinema. A.will rain B.rains C.is raining D.rained 6.She is going to be a nurse when she_____up. A.is going to grow B.grows C.growing D.grewnull7.“这本书我已经买了三个月了。”，下列哪一句不对？ A.I have had this book for three months. B.I have bought this book for three months. C.I bought this book three months ago. D.It is three months since I bought this book. 8.— Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. — Oh, how nice of you! I _____ you _____ to bring me a gift. A.never think; are going B.never thought; were going C.don’t think; were going D.had’t thought; were going 9.When I was at college I _____ three foreign languages,but I _____ all except for a few words of each. A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten 10.The police found that the house _____ and a lot of things ____. A.has broken into; has been stolen B.had broken into; had been stolen C.has been broken into; stolen D.had been broken into; stolennull11.The volleyball match will be put off if it____. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining 12.Mary _____ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 13.The students _____ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _____ in the office. A. had written; left B. were writing; has left C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left 14. — Have you moved into the new house? — No yet, the rooms _____, A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting 15. — We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time. — What do you suppose ____ to her? A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happenednull16. — Do you know our town at all? — No, this is the first time I _____ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 17. — We could have walked to the station.It was so near. — Yes, A taxi _____ at all necessary. A. wasn’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. won’t be 18.If city noises _____ from increasing, people _____ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to 19.Tom _____ into the house when no one _____. A. slipped; was looking B. had slipped; looked C. slipped; had looked D. was slippping; looked 20.The last time I _____ Jane she ____ cotton in the fields. A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picking C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking