《翻译硕士英语》考试大纲及样题一套有答案

《翻译硕士英语》考试大纲 一、考试目的 《翻译硕士英语》作为全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试的外国语考试，其目的是考查考生是否具备进行MTI学习所要求的英语水平。 二、考试性质与范围 本考试是一种测试应试者单项和综合语言能力的尺度参照性水平考试。考试范围包括MTI考生入学应具备的英语词汇量、语法知识以及英语阅读与写作等方面的技能。 三、考试基本要求 1. 具有良好的英语基本功，认知词汇量在10,000以上，掌握6,000个以上的积极词汇，即能正确而熟练地运用常用词汇及其常用搭配。 2. 能熟练掌握正确的英语语法、结构、修辞等语言 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 知识。 3. 具有较强的阅读理解能力和英语写作能力。 四、考试形式 本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方法。各项试题的分布情况见“考试内容一览 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf ”。 五、考试内容 本考试包括三个部分：词汇语法、阅读理解、英语写作。总分100分。 I．词汇语法 1. 考试要求 1）词汇量要求 考生的认知词汇量应在10,000以上，其中积极词汇量为6,000以上，即能正确而熟练地运用常用词汇及其常用搭配。 2）语法要求 考生能正确运用英语语法、结构、修辞等语言规范知识。 2. 题型 选择题或改错题。总分30分。考试时间为60分钟。 II. 阅读理解 1. 考试要求 1）能读懂常见外刊上的专题报道、历史传记及文学作品等各种文体的文章，既能理解其主旨和大意，又能分辨出其中的事实与细节，并能理解其中的观点和隐含意义。 2）能根据阅读时间要求调整自己的阅读速度。 2. 题型 1）选择题（包括信息事实性阅读题和观点评判性阅读题） 2）简答题（要求根据所阅读的文章，用3-5行字数的有限篇幅扼要回答问题，重点考查阅读综述能力） 本部分题材广泛，体裁多样，选材体现时代性、实用性；重点考查通过阅读获取信息和理解观点的能力；对阅读速度有一定要求。总分40分。考试时间为60分钟。 III．英语写作 1. 考试要求 考生能根据所给题目及要求撰写一篇400词左右的记叙文、说明文或议论文。该作文要求语言通顺，用词得体，结构合理，文体恰当。 2. 题型 命题作文。总分30分。考试时间为60分钟。 《翻译硕士英语》考试内容一览表 序号 考试内容 题型 分值 时间（分钟） 1 词汇语法 选择题或改错题 30 60 2 阅读理解 1）选择题 2）简答题 40 60 3 英语写作 命题作文 30 60 共计 100 180 《汉语写作与百科知识》样题 第一部分 百科知识（50’） 请简要解释以下段落中划线部分的知识点 1. 这次股市波动在全球都有一定的关联影响，这说明全球化在逐步进展。过去中国认为自己的市场是一个相对比较小型的市场，也是一个正在建设中的、比较幼年的市场，或者说是在转轨经济中逐步发展的新兴市场。由于全球经济一体化的进展，股市波动相互之间关联密切，这也说明中国的市场还需要加速发展，我们要进一步提高直接融资的比重，进一步把资本市场建设得更好、更快、更加国际化。关于流动性过剩问题。流动性偏多是全球的现象，中国也存在流动性偏多的问题。美国财政赤字那么大，它那儿的流动性也很丰富，产油国资金也很丰富。因此，资金面上的宽松是全球一体化之下相互影响的现象。宏观调控当局都应该重视这个问题，做好自己的工作，对于过剩的流动性应该采取稳健的、适当收缩的政策。 2. 端午原是个防病防灾的日子，却因大诗人屈原增添了纪念层面的意义，增添了爱国情怀和报国无门的悲情、齐心协力救助生命的悲壮；因了陶渊明酷爱重阳，因了他酷爱的菊的勾连，重阳节衍生了“颂陶”的文化意蕴，歌颂他“人淡如菊”的精神境界，“重阳无酒”也成了知识分子安贫乐道的形象写真。 3. 1994年起，比尔·盖茨开始了他的收藏爱好。作为拥有600亿美元财富的收藏者，盖茨想买什么就可以买什么，而他购买艺术品似乎也完全凭个人的兴趣，没有明确的学术或商业性目标。还有很多不知名的微软富翁也有收藏艺术品的爱好，这些微软人囊中的巨额财富和近乎疯狂的收藏行为对美国艺术市场产生巨大的推动作用，证明了微软公司在文化市场中有多重要。一个软件公司创造的巨额财富使大量重要艺术作品流向微软人手中，流向西雅图。 4. 2009年3月的全国“两会”上，吴邦国提出，今年要着力加强社会领域立法，继续完善经济、政治、文化领域立法。社会领域的公平正义，变化并没有那么快，我们只需要翻找出过去的研究和报道，就可以看到今天的问题所在。例如，上文提到的新华社2006年那篇文章中，对社会领域立法促进公平正义列举了五个方面：一是保障公民权利，尊重和保障人权；二是发展社会事业，提高公共服务的能力和水平；三是健全社会保障，发展慈善事业；四是规范社会组织，使各类具有公益或互益性质的社会组织，纳入规范化、法制化管理的轨道；五是重视社会管理，包括加强公共安全、应对突发事件等。社会领域立法以促进公平正义，也许更加直接地体现了孟德斯鸠在《法的精神》中强调的重点：限权。也就是保障私权利，限制公权力。从新华社列举的五项内容可以看出，每前进一步的关键都是公私权界。显然，在这方面还有相当漫长的路要走。 第二部分 应用文写作 （40’） 根据下面的文字说明写一篇450字左右的应用文，要求包含标题、正文、结尾语、落款等几个要素。 中国×进出口商会于×月×日至×月×日派人去××，了解了××汽车索赔案的谈判结果。根据中国××办公室和对外经济贸易部××司的指示，现要给其上级部门即中国××办公室的答复报告《关于××汽车索赔案谈判结果的报告》，要求介绍谈判过程及结果，并指出产生“索赔案”的原因等。请以中国×进出口商会的名义起草一份兼具情况性和答复性的报告，注意要写标题、发文字号、主送机关正文、结尾语、落款等公文要素。 第三部分 现代汉语写作（60’） 根据下面的文字要求写一篇现代文，题材不限（诗歌、戏剧除外）。 生活当中，有许多事情当你亲临其境之后，往往思想受到启迪，身心感到愉悦。偶然忆起，就如品香茗，又如含青榄，清香久远，令人难忘⋯⋯ 请以“值得品味”为题，写一篇不少于800字的文章。 《翻译硕士英语》样题 I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’) Multiple choice Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet. 1. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field. A. contradict B. reform C. counter D. protest 2. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________. A. minority B. scarcity C. rarity D. minimum 3. Professor Johnson’s retirement ________ from next January. A. carries into effect B. takes effect C. has effect D. puts into effect 4. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending. A. finance B. expand C. enlarge D. budget 5. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region. A. concentrated B. extensive C. intense D. intensive 6. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings. A. forbidden B. rejected C. excluded D. denied 7. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________. A. pull back B. pull up C. pull through D. pull out 8. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s _________ rather than the company’s. A. benefit B. availability C. suitability D. convenience 9. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church. A. mark B. signal C. sign D. gesture 10. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it. A. lightly B. sparsely C. hardly D. rarely 11. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can. A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were 12. With some men dressing down and some other men flaunting their looks, it is really hard to tell they are gay or _________. A. straight B. homosexual C. beautiful D. sad 13. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting. A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to 14. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday. A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. came 15. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be 16. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home. A. some type of B. some types of a C. some type of a D. some types of 17. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days. A. must take B. must have made C. was able to make D. could make 18. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid. A. something but B. anything but C. nothing but D. not but 19. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim. A. much more sportsman B. more of a sportsman C. more of sportsman D. more a sportsman 20. That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ________ strong actions against him. A. betrayed… take B. had betrayed… took C. has betrayed… took D. has betrayed… take II. Reading comprehension (40’) Section 1 Multiple choice (20’) Directions: In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet. Passage A The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx, once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people. The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club—Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales—a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union. The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe—only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living. Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline, Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots”, is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere—on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers. “Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands. “There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.” 1. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant to A. maintain the present status among the nations. B. reduce legislative powers of England. C. create a better state of equality among the nations. D. grant more say to all the nations in the union. 2. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph means A. separatist. B. conventional. C. feudal. D. political 3. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPT A. people’s desire for devolution. B. locals’ turnout for the voting. C. powers of the legislative body. D. status of the national language. 4. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identity? A. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language. B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union. C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation. D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight. 5. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed is A. people’s mentality. B. pop culture. C. town’s appearance. D. possibilities for the people. Passage B The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promises of the 20th century. The promise was assured economic security—even comfort—for essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth, that began in the 19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days—lack of food, warmth, shelter—would at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programs for the elderly (Social Security in the U.S.). Labour unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility—in some cases the promise—of lifetime employment plus guaranteed pensions? The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average person’s stance toward providing for himself had been. Ultimately I’m on my own. Now it became, ultimately I’ll be taken care of. The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible, and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security won’t provide social security for any of us. A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to defined contribution plans, which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(k). the significance of the 401(k) is that it puts most of the responsibility for a person’s economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it gets invested—the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when the employee retires. Which brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’ 401(k) accounts. That is, the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certain proportion of each employee’s 401(k) contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second, Enron’s 401(k) accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to. But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401(k) assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn’t prudent, but it’s what some of them did. The Enron employees’ retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security. That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to I’ll-be-taken-care-of took at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. It won’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th-century quirk, and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that, like most people in most times and places, they’re on their own. 6. Why does the author say at the beginning “The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”? A. Because the company has gone bankrupt. B. Because such events would never happen again. C. Because many Enron workers lost their retirement savings. D. Because it signifies a turning point in economic security. 7. According to the passage, the combined efforts by governments, layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change in A. people’s outlook on life. B. people’s life styles. C. people’s living standard. D. people’s social values. 8. Changes in pension schemes were also part of A. the corporate lay-offs. B. the government cuts in welfare spending. C. the economic restructuring. D. the warning power of labors unions. 9. Thousands of employees chose Enron as their sole investment option mainly because A. the 401(k) made them responsible for their own future. B. Enron offered to add company stock to their investment. C. their employers intended to cut back on pension spending. D. Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan. 10. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster? A. The 401(k) assets should be placed in more than one investment option. B. Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves. C. Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind. D. Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future young workers. Section 2 Answering questions (20’) Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet. Questions 1～3 For 40 years the sight of thousands of youngsters striding across the open moorland has been as much an annual fixture as spring itself. But the 2,400 school pupils who join the grueling Dartmoor Ten Tors Challenge next Saturday may be among the last to take part in the May tradition. The trek faces growing criticism from environmentalists who fear that the presence of so many walkers on one weekend threatens the survival of some of Dartmoor’s internationally rare bird species. The Ten Tors Challenge takes place in the middle of the breeding season, when the slightest disturbance can jeopardize birds’ chances of reproducing successfully. Experts at the RSPB and the Dartmoor National Park Authority fear that the walkers could frighten birds and even crush eggs. They are now calling for the event to be moved to the autumn, when the breeding season is over and chicks should be well established. Organisers of the event, which is led by about 400 Territorial Army volunteers, say moving it would be impractical for several reasons and would mean pupils could not train properly for the 55-mile trek. Dartmoor is home to 10 rare species of ground-nesting birds, including golden plovers, dunlins and lapwings. In some cases, species are either down to their last two pairs on the moor or are facing a nationwide decline. Emma Parkin, South-west spokeswoman for the PASPB, took part in the challenge as a schoolgirl. She said the society had no objections to the event itself but simply wanted it moved to another time of year. “It is a wonderful activity for the children who take part but, having thousands of people walking past in one weekend when birds are breeding is hardly ideal,” she said. “We would prefer it to take place after the breeding and nesting season is over. There is a risk of destruction and disturbance. If the walkers put a foot in the wrong place they can crush the eggs and if there i