形容词副词一

形容词&副词（一） 本讲 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 内容 基本要求 形容词、副词 一、形容词、副词定义 二、形容词、副词用法 课前测试 1 ----Mum, I think I’m ____ to get back to school. ----Not really, my dear. You’d better to stay at home for another day or two.   A. so well    B. so good     C. Well enough     D. good enough 2 ----If you don’t like the red coat, take the blue one.      ----Ok, but do you have ____ size in blue? This one’s a bit tight for me.   A. a big       B. a bigger      C. the big     D. the bigger 3 I t takes a long time to go there by train; it’s ____ by boat.   A. quick      B. the quickest     C. much quick    D. quicker 4 If there were no examinations, we should have____ at school.   A. the happiest time                  B. a more happier time   C. much happiest time                D. a much happier time 5 ----Have you finished your report yet?      ----No, I’ll finish in ____ ten minutes. A. another      B. other       C. more         D. less 6 ----How was your recent visit to Qingdao?      ----It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ____days at the seaside.   A. few last sunny                    B. last few sunny   C. last sunny few                    D. few sunny last  7 Can you believe that in ___ a rich country there should be____ many poor people?   A. such, such    B. such, so      C. so, so      D. so, such 8 How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ____. A. the better voice     B. a good voice          C. the best voice       D. a better voice 9 Wait till you are more____. It’s better to be sure than sorry. A. inspired            B. satisfied           C. calm              D. certain 10 ___, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.   A. However late is he                 B. However he is late   C. However is he late                 D. However late he is 11 If I had____, I’d visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting place.   A. a long enough holiday              B. an enough long holiday   C. a holiday enough long              D. a long holiday enough 12 Professor White has written some short stories, but he is____ known for his plays. A. the best      B. more        C. better       D. the most 语法考点 形容词 一、定义 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，在句中可作定语、表语、状语等成分。 This is a difficult problem to solve.（作定语） The weather here is very pleasant.（作表语） Maggie is very polite.（作表语） 二、形容词的分类及用法 1. 形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1)　直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。 2)　叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。   　（错）He is an ill man.   　（对）The man is ill.   　（错）She is an afraid girl.   　（对）The girl is afraid. 这类词还有：well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。 3）形容词在修饰someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing等不定代词时，需要置于其后。 如：something nice I have something important to tell you all. 2. 以-ly结尾的形容词 1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 　改错：(错） She sang lovely.   　 （错） He spoke to me very friendly.   　 （对） Her singing was lovely.   　 （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。   daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early   The Times is a daily paper.   The Times is published daily. 3．用形容词表示类别和整体 1） 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry   The poor are losing hope. 2） 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。   the British，the English，the French，the Chinese.   The English have wonderful sense of humor. 4．多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词（包括冠词、人称代词、指示代词等）+大小+形状+性质或状态+颜色+年龄或新旧+材料或种类+来源+名词   a small round table   a tall gray building   a dirty old brown shirt   a famous German medical school   an expensive Japanese sports car     There are a few big round black new wooden French tables in the room. 热身练习 一、看一看下面句中形容词的用法，注意它的位置哦！并完成后面的句子。 1. It’s a cold and windy day. 2. Would you like something hot to drink? 3. The man is ill. 4. She looks very     now. (happily, happy) 5. He gives               to you. (interesting, something) 6. The old man       very       . (lonely, feel) 7. The giraffe           .(be, tall) 8. She is always a               . (girl, happy) 二、写出下列形容词的反义词。 1. long→                        slow→                        interesting→                    2. high→                        ugly→                        expensive→                    3. big→                        white→                        wet→                    4. good→                    difficult→                    young→                    5. heavy→                    fat→                        strong→                    6. cold→                        clean→                        sad→                    副词 1、定义： 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词等的一类词，在句中可以作状语、表语、定语等。 如：Luckily, she had got another chance. (作状语)     Sorry, I have to be off right now. (作表语)     Who is the person over there? (作定语) 2、副词的用法： 1、副词的位置： 修饰形容词、副词时，位于被修饰词的前面。 如：You are quite right. 你非常正确。 ◆enough作副词时，总是置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。 如：The book is easy enough for little kids. 注意： 　 a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。   　We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. 　 b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。   　He speaks English well.   c. 副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 　 改错：(错)　I very like English.     (对)　I like English very much. 2、副词的排列顺序： 1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。   　 Please write slowly and carefully. 3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 3、兼有两种形式的副词 1) close与closely   close意思是"近"； closely 意思是"仔细地"   　 He is sitting close to me.   　 Watch him closely. 2)　late 与lately   late意思是"晚"； lately 意思是"最近"   　 You have come too late.   　 What have you been doing lately? 3)　deep与deeply   deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"   　 He pushed the stick deep into the mud.   　 Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4)　high与highly   high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much   　 The plane was flying high.   　 I think highly of your opinion. 5)　wide与widely   wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"   　 He opened the door wide.   　 English is widely used in the world. 6)　free与freely   free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地"   　 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.   　 You may speak freely; say what you like. 热身练习 一、看一看下面句中副词的用法，注意它的位置哦！并完成后面的句子。 1. He runs fast. 2. She usually sleeps at 9 every evening. 3. They will fly to London tomorrow. 4. Where did you live before? 5. They           to the party. (go, sometimes) 6.     do you do it well? (How) 7. The little boy can             by himself. (there, go) 8. The girl           now. (hard, study) 拓展训练 一、单项选择。 1. We didn’t climb the mountains because it was raining         . A. badly              B. hardly            C. strongly            D. heavily 2. He learns Russian         . A. good                B. nice                C. well                D. fine 3. He works very           . He         has a rest on Sundays. A. hard, hardly        B. hardly, hard        C. hard, hard            D. hardly, hardly 4. When the famous singer started to sing, everyone began to shout very         . A. loud                B. loudly                C. high                D. heavily 5. He works ______. A. lone                B. lonely              C. alone            D. alonly 二、 阅读理解 阅读理解1小学二年级阅读理解小学三年级阅读题训练阅读理解二年级一年级语文猴子捞月亮 。 Rain Forests Millions of years ago, there were lots of trees on the earth, because summer lasted all year round. A forest covered the earth like a green carpet. What was that forest like? It is not difficult to find out, because parts of that ancient forest still stand. It is known as the rain forest. Here, even in fine weather water drips through the leaves. The largest of today’s rain forests is in South America. It covers about a million square miles. All the trees are up to 60 feet high. But it is not easy for some to grow taller, because very little sunlight reaches them. The grown-up trees are about 60 to 120 feet high. Some are even taller. The tallest trees can be 200 or more feet high. In this forest of tall trees, not only plant life is rich but also animal life. At different heights live different animals. By the many noises they make you know they are there. 阅读上面的短文，判断正（T）误（F）。 (  ) 1. It was very hot millions of years ago. (  ) 2. Millions of years ago the earth was covered by a forest of trees. (  ) 3. The rain forests today are parts of the ancient forest. (  ) 4. We can see the rain forests only in South America because it is hot there. (  ) 5. In a rain forest, young trees can never grow taller because they can’t get enough sunlight. (  ) 6. There are different animals living at the highest part of the rain forest. 随堂巩固 一、单项选择。 1. ---May I put my bike here?   ---No, you         . A. needn’t            B. don’t                C. mustn’t                D. aren’t able 2. ---Are you coming to Jeff’s party?   ---I’m not sure. I         go to the concert instead. A. must                B. would                C. should                D. might 3. Try         it before you offer the soup to your guests. A. to taste            B. to have tasted        C. tasting                D. taste 4. Tom has to be called two or three times         he comes downstairs for dinner. A. until                B. when                C. after                    D. before 5. ---Where’s your hometown?   ---It’s about thirty miles         the east of New York. A. in                B. on                C. to                    D. by 6. There’s news to me. A. I don’t know        B. I have the news    C. I didn’t know            D. It’s strange to me 7. Mr. King came out of the blue. A. 不速之客            B. 如期                C. 突然                    D. 匆忙 8.         clothing is sold in the new supermarket. A. Children’s and women’s                    B. Child’s and woman’s C. Children and women’s                    D. Child and woman’s 9. ---What was the party like?   ---Wonderful. It’s years         I enjoyed myself so much. A. after                B. when                C. before                D. since 10. This is a useful book for           . A. physics teacher    B. physics’s teacher    C. physics’ teacher        D. physics teachers 二、完形填空。 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was ___1___ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he has a problem when you saw him ___2___. Children in our neighborhood always ran around ___3___ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, ___4___. We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be ___5___ to run like the other children. So he didn’t know.   In ___6___ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, ___7___ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the ___8___. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know.   He ran four to five mile every day—even when he had a fever. I was ___9___, so I went to ___10___ him after school. I found him running ___11___. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept ___12___.   Two weeks later, the names of the team ___13___ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had ___14___ the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn’t do it … so he didn’t know. He just ___15___ it. 1. A. spent            B. taken        C. cost      D. paid 2. A. talk            B. sit            C. study    D. walk 3. A. after          B. before        C. during    D. till 4. A. either          B. too            C. though    D. yet 5. A. able            B. sorry        C. glad      D. afraid 6. A. sixth          B. seventh      C. eighth      D. ninth 7. A. so            B. if          C. then      D. because 8. A. neighborhood    B. family        C. school     D. grade 9. A. excited          B. tired          C. pleased  D. worried 10. A. think about    B. hear from      C. agree with  D. look for 11. A. alone          B. away        C. almost    D. already 12. A. riding        B. walking      C. playing    D. running 13. A. jumpers         B. runners        C. doctors     D. teachers 14. A. got          B. kept            C. made    D. found 15. A. made          B. played        C. had      D. took 三、阅读理解。 A Animals are people’s friends. But many wild animals are facing the danger of dying out, because the environment that they are living in has changed greatly. For example, their living area has become narrower and narrower because of the development of cities and pollution. They have no room to live in except the zoo. And many of the wild animals now can’t find enough food to eat. At the same time, man is killing off animals just for getting their fur, skin, teeth and meat. People should realize how serious the situation is and something should be done to protect the animals. We are supposed to set up some nature reserves(自然保护区), so that animals can live freely. Besides, people should not be allowed to kill the endangered animals or eat their meat. We should do something to make our world cleaner. Fresh air, clean water, grass are all important for animals. The death of the endangered animals will bring a disaster to human beings. 根据短文内容填写表格。 Many wild animals are facing the     1    of dying out.         ↓                            ↓                    They have no     2    .            We should set up     4    . ↓                            ↓                 They have no enough food.        We shouldn’t       5      . ↓                            ↓     Man is     3    .              We should make our world cleaner. 1.                     2.                     3.                     4.                     5.                 B（五中分校08年入学考试真题） An old man was going home late one night with his horse and cart after a day's hard work. When he was not far from his house, the light on the cart went out. He tried but could not mend it.   He was near his home, and so he went along the road without a light. When a policeman saw this, he stopped the old carter.   "Where's your light?" asked the policeman. "No one may take a cart along a road at night without a light. You know that. You've broken the law.   "I had a light," said the old man, "but it has just gone out."   "I don't believe that story," said the policeman. He took out a book and got ready to write. "What's your name and where do you live?" he asked.   "Please don't take my name," said the old man. "My house is just there. You can see it from here. I had a light nearly the whole way. I haven't come far without a light."   "You came all the way without a light. What's your name?"   The carter quickly took the policeman's hand and put it down on the top of the light. The light was still hot, and burnt the policeman's hand. He jumped and he was very angry.   "Now, what do you think?" said the carter. "Did I come all the way without a light?" 1. In the passage "Cart" is ___________. A. something like a car                             B. something like a light C. something pulled by a horse                     D. something with a light 2. The old man drove home ___________. A. on the back of his horse                         B. late one night C. very late every night                             D. with a policeman 3. Where did the policeman stop the old man? A. Near his home.                                 B. At the traffic lights. C. Under a road light.                             D. Far from his house. 4. The cart was stopped by the policeman because ________. A. the old man didn't have a light B. the policeman didn't believe the old man's words C. the old man did not want to tell his name D. the old man's light wasn't on 5. How did the old man make the policeman believe (相信) his words? A. He made the policeman touch the light. B. He jumped and shouted angrily. C. He made the policeman angry. D. He burnt the policeman's hands. 家庭作业 一、找出下列每组单词中划线部分读音与其余三个不同的单词。 (  ) 1. A. private                B. face                C. taste                D. date (  ) 2. A. business                B. bus                C. postcard            D. outside (  ) 3. A. spare                B. share                C. fare                D. are (  ) 4. A. service                B. distance            C. diamond            D. which (  ) 5. A. shout                B. touch                C. proud                D. loudly 二、选出不同类的词。 (  ) 1. A. mutton                B. mince                C. beef                D. pork (  ) 2. A. peach                B. potato                C. pea                D. cabbage (  ) 3. A. March                B. June                C. Sunday            D. August (  ) 4. A. tongue                B. neck                C. toes                D. body (  ) 5. A. see                B. watch                C. listen                D. look 三、单项选择。 1. He has worked in that factory       he left school.     A. since                    B. after                C. until                D. before 2. Jack didn’t go with us         he was very busy.     A. when                    B. until                C. since                D. because 3. I didn’t know what             .     A. was the matter            B. is the matter        C. matter was            D. the matter is 4. Although         very hard, he failed         his work in time.     A. working, to finish                            B. to work, to finish        C. worked, finishing                            D. having been worked, finish 5. Father asked his son         in public.     A. don’t spit                B. not spit            C. not to spit            D. doesn’t spit 6. The old man went into the bank         out some money.     A. to take                    B. and take            C. and taking            D. took 7. I’m sorry. I’ve         your book at home again. I’ll bring it tomorrow.     A. forgotten                B. lain                C. left                D. laid 8. There         a parents meeting tomorrow afternoon.     A. are                    B. is going to be        C. went                D. is going to have 9. ---        we finish all the exercises in class?   ---Yes, you         .     A. Shall, will                B. Need, can            C. Can, might        D. Must, must 10. I don’t know         they will come here         not.     A. that, or                B. whether, nor        C. whether, or        D. if, and 11. I’ll leave         three o’clock, that is, I’ll leave       about ten minutes.     A. at, after                B. in, after            C. at, in                D. after, after 12. What kind of sports do you like         , basketball, volleyball or football?     A. /                        B. much                C. better                D. best 13. The little girl has to write a         composition every other week.     A. two-thousand-word                            B. two-thousands-word     C. two-thousand-words                            D. two-thousands-words 14. Tim has tried twice, and his father asks him to have         third try.     A. the                    B. a                    C. another            D. / 15. Yesterday morning there were only three boys in our room,         .     A. you, he and I            B. I you and he        C. he, I and you        D. you, I and he 16. We study Chinese, English, maths and some           subjects at school.     A. another                B. the other            C. other                D. others 17. Look! Those three         are talking with the three         .     A. Englishmen, Germen                            B. Englishmans, Germans     C. Englishmen, Germans                        D. Englishmans, Germen 18. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark         you have any questions.     A. at which                B. at where            C. the place where    D. where 19. The boy asked         any noise from outside.     A. whether had I heard                            B. whether I had heard     C. whether have I heard                            D. whether I have heard 20. She returned to her seat only to find it         by a young man.     A. take                    B. sit                C. owned            D. taken 四、完形填空。 Long long ago there lived many mice in an old house. They were free to do  1  . They ate up a lot of food. So  2  owner of the house wanted to stop the mice  3  food. He got a cat.    4  , some of the mice were killed. One day one of the oldest mice said," All the mice  5  come to my hole tonight, and we'll decide  6  next about the cat." Each of the mice arrived. They thought  7  and did what they could to find a way to save their  8    . They spoke, sitting face to face, but none of them had an idea. Finally a young mouse stood up and said, "Why  9  tie a bell  10  the cat's neck? Then,  11  the cat comes close, we will hear the bell and  12  . Then the can won't be able to catch any more of us." "It sounds good! Who can do so here?" the oldest mouse asked. At this very moment the hole was quiet and no one answered. At last he said, "It's easier to say than to do." 1. A. nothing          B. something            C. anything              D. everything 2. A. the                B. an                  C. a                 D. one 3. A. to eat              B. eat                  C. eating             D. to be eaten 4. A. After that          B. After a while         C. At once            D. At that moment 5. A. should          B. have to             C. would                D. must 6. A. how to do          B. what to do             C. when to do         D. where to do 7. A. strongly            B. hard                C. hardly              D. heavily 8. A. body              B. health            C. life                D. lives 9. A. not              B. not to                C. didn't                D. didn't you 10. A. over            B. with                C. round                D. about 11. A. while            B. when              C. if                  D. since 12. A. move away      B. went away             C. sent away          D. run away 五、阅读理解。 A Name:  James Brown Subjects: Business English, Reading and Writing Experience 2005—Now     Bell College Teaching Centre of English Teaching ESP classes including work with the Police Force. 2001—2005     Business College of City University Mainly in Examination Courses and Business English, including business writing. 1997—2001     English College of City University  Teaching special English to students from other countries. 1993—1997  Gama-Bell School of English Teaching     Business English classes with local British Airways representatives. 1990—1993     Ashtree Primary School and Summer School Class teacher (8-9 years olds) 1. James Brown is a ____________.     A. teacher        B. student        C. worker    D. policeman 2.James Brown was in ________ in 2002. A. Gama-Bell School of English             B. Bell College Teaching Centre C. Business College of City University        D. English College of City University 3. James Brown was in Ashtree Primary School for ________years.     A. 1-3        B. 3-4           C. 5-7      D. 8-9 4. This passage is about Mr. Brown’s_________.       A. hobby    B. life        C. family  D. experience B In a few years, most people will know that a healthy, happy, loving family is a joy and it is a necessary part for building a strong society. But there are still some people who don’t believe family life can be an enjoyable experience. Some people already accepted the idea of the “me generation” so they fail to understand that there is a time in life when they have to give up their time to something more valuable. At a time when adults need to think about the needs of their family, they will be doing other important things. Some people will spend too much time working for a more powerful car or a bigger house so that they can proudly say that they have them.  Some will be doing dangerous things so that they may tell their stories to their friends, and others will recite things like “I must become the best I can be” or “I don’t want to be at the bottom.” The needs of their family will be forgotten and they never seem to have time for the family. Many people have not experienced a strong helpful perfect family life, so they have never discovered its worth. Many people have always experienced family life as a fight, so they can’t find time and energy for work. But it is really very important that we all expect good family relations. We need to realize and value the importance of what can be achieved by loving each other in the family. It is also important for our society to encourage family members to create happiness. 1. What does the writer expect family life to be like?     A. Happy experience.    B. A strong society.    C. Too much work.     D. A fight. 2. What is meant by “me generation”?     A. I will do whatever the family want me to do.     B. Nothing is more important than myself.     C. I always agree with people around.     D. The generation is my age group. 3. Why haven’t some people discovered the worth of family life?     A. They are not married.        B. They grow in a happy family.     C. They don’t live with the family.     D. They have never enjoyed family life. 4. What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?     A. To ask people to study family life.     B. To tell people to work hard for the family.     C. To advise people to create happy family life.     D. To give people some examples of family members. 英语美文欣赏 A father's love 父亲的爱 Fathers seldom say "I love you" 父亲们很少说＂我爱你＂ Though the feeling’s always there, 虽然那份感觉一直都在那 But somehow those three little words 但不知道为什么这小小的三个字 Are the hardest ones to share. 却最难与人分享 And fathers say "I love you" 而父亲说＂我爱你＂ In ways that words can't match-- 用言语没法比拟的方式 With tender bed time stories 或是温和地在床头讲故事 Or a friendly game of catch! 或是一场友好的捉迷藏游戏 You can see the words "I love you" 你可以看到“我爱你”这些字 In a father's boyish eyes 从父亲孩子起的眼睛里 When he runs home,all excited, 当他兴奋地跑回家 With a poorly wrapped surprise. 脸上带着难以掩饰的惊喜 A father says "I love you" 父亲说＂我爱你＂ With his strong helping hands 用他强有力的援助之手 With a smile when you're in trouble 用他的微笑帮你度过难关 With the way he understands. 用他所理解的方式 He says "I love you" haltingly. 他踌躇地说＂我爱你＂ With awkward tenderness-- 带着笨拙的温柔 It's hard to help a four-year-old into a party dress! 帮一个四岁小孩穿上派对礼服实在是不容易！ He speaks his love unselfishly 他无私地表达他的爱 By giving all he can 付出他的全部 To make some secret dream come true. 让心底的梦想成真 Or follow through a plan. 或追求一个计划 A father's seldom-spoken love 父亲很少说出口的爱 Sounds clearly through the years-- 随着光阴流逝变得清晰 Sometimes in peals of laughter, 有时在响亮的笑声中 Sometimes through happy tears. 有时在欢乐的泪水中 Perhaps they have to speak their love 可能他们表达他们的爱 In a fashion all their own. 只能用自己的方式 Because the love that fathers feel 因为父亲的爱 Is too big for words alone! 绝非言语所能诠释