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高中英语语法 介词高中英语语法 介词 高中英语语法知识词法部分讲解---------介词及练习 一.概念: 介词(preposition)又叫做前置词,一般置于名词之前。它是一种虚词,一般不重读, 在句中不单独作任何句子成分, 只表示其后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系。 介词后面的名词或相当于名词的词语叫做介词宾语。可作介词宾语的词语通常有: 1) 名词或名词性从句: eg. ?He lives near our school. ? This will give me some idea of what ...

高中英语语法 介词
高中英语语法 介词 高中英语语法知识词法部分讲解---------介词及练习 一.概念: 介词(preposition)又叫做前置词,一般置于名词之前。它是一种虚词,一般不重读, 在句中不单独作任何句子成分, 只 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示其后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系。 介词后面的名词或相当于名词的词语叫做介词宾语。可作介词宾语的词语通常有: 1) 名词或名词性从句: eg. ?He lives near our school. ? This will give me some idea of what life is. 2) 代词: eg. ? I am angry with him. ? She isn’t satisfied with me. 3)动名词或动名词短语: eg. I have an idea fro solving this problem. 4)不定式(只限于介词but和except): eg.?I can do nothing for them but just sit her there and hope. ?I can do nothing for them except to send them money. 5)数词: eg. Four from seven leaves three. 6)形容词: eg. I know it from old. 我早就知道它。 7)副词: eg. I can’t stay for long. 注意,英语介词往往相当于汉语的动词。 eg.? The policeman helped the old woman across the street. 警察帮助老大娘过马路。(“过”=across) ?Are you for it or against it? 你赞成还是反对, (“赞成”= for; “反对”= against) 二、介词的种类, eg.at; in; of since, before, after等。 A.介词按其构成分为 1) 简单介词(simple preposition): 2) 复合介词(compound preposition): eg.as for; as to; into; out of 等。 3) 二重介词(double preposition) eg.from under; from behind; until after; except in等。 4) 短语介词(phrasal preposition) eg.according to; because of; in spite of; on behalf of等。 5) 分词介词( participle preposition) eg.regarding; concerning; including; providing等。 eg.across; among; around; above; after; along; at; before; behind; below等。 B. 介词按其词义分为 1)地点介词: 2)时间介词: eg.about; after; sround; as at; before; behind; between; by; during; for, from.. 3)比较介词: eg.as; like; over; above等。 4)除外介词: eg.besides; but; except等。 5)反对介词: eg.against; with等。 6)原因介词: eg. for; with; from等。 7)结果介词: eg.for; with; without等。 8)方式介词: eg.by; in; with等。 9)所属介词: eg.of; with等。 10)条件介词: eg. on; without; considering等。 11)让步介词: eg.in spite of; despite等。 12)目的介词: eg.for; to等。 13)根据介词: eg. on; according to等。 三、介词短语及其功用,介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语(Prepositional phrase), 介词短语在句中可用作: 1)主语:eg.From Beijing to Tianjing is two hours by train. 2)表语: eg.She looks like an actress. 3)宾语: eg.I’ll give you until tomorrow. 4)定语: eg. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 5)补语: eg.They found themselves in a dark wood. 6)状语: eg. Albert has so much work to do so that he is staying late at the office. 四、相关知识点精讲, 1.表示地点位置介词: 1. 1)at ,in, on, to: at : (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示"在……附近,旁边"; eg. ?He arrived at the station at ten. ?He is sitting at the desk. (3)表示的位置是某一点; eg. at the third crossroad/ at 108 Beijing Street/ at the North Pole (4)可接集体活动。eg.at a party/concert/lecture/meeting… at home/ at the corner of the street/at the front of the hall in : (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示"在…范围之内"; eg. ?He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. ?Jiangsu lies in the east of China. (3)表示的位置往往是立体的,有长、宽、高等。 ?in the desk/in the corner of the room/in a picture/in the wall on: (1) 表示毗邻,接壤; (2)表示的位置往往是一个平面或一条线。 eg. Russia lies on the north of China./a city on the river/a hotel on the this road to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤. eg. Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province. 2)above, over, on: 在……上 above: (1) 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与 below相 eg. ?The bird is flying above my head. 对;两物体中间有一定的空间距离。 ?There are lights above/over our heads. (2) 与刻度连用时,用above。 ?Can you see the plane flying over/above the building? eg. three degrees above zero. ?The water came above/over our knees. over: (1)指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体 eg. ?There is a bridge over the river. 有一定的空间,不直接接触. eg. ?There’s a thick cloud over the north of China. (2)表示“布满”,“盖满” ?There is a table cloth over the table. (3)表示“穿越”, “越过”,用over或acorss。 eg.He walked over/across the bridge./There is a bridge over/across the river. (4)与数字连用时用over=more than。 eg.over 100 people/over 800 metres above sea level on: 表示某物体上面并与之接触. eg. He put his watch on the desk./ on the wall 3) below, under: 在……下面 under: (1)表示在…正下方,有垂直之意。 eg. There is a cat under the table. (2)接普通数词,under =less than eg.100 metres below sea level / children under seven years of age / under fifty below:(1)表示在……下,不一定在正下方 eg. Please write your name below the line. (2) 与刻度连用时,用below。 eg. ten degrees below zero 小测试: A.in B.at C.on D.into 1. Mary’s________the garden. A. below B.on C.above D.over 2. Don’t worry. She’ll finish the work in______twenty minutes. A. below us B.below ourselves C.under us D.under ourselves 3.From the bridge we could see the river__________. A.under B. in C.below D.on 4.The weather here is 20 degrees___________zero today. A.after below B.in below C.after under D.inunder 5.He will be back__________20 minutes. A. on B.over C.through D.in 6.When they looked up, they saw a plane________the tall building. A.above B.below C.over D.across 7.He finished his work in_________twenty minutes. A. on B.in C.at D.to 8.He lives____________203 Huanghe Street. 2.表示时间介词: 1) in , on,at: 在……时 in: 表示较长时间,如世纪,朝代,时代,年,季节,月及一般(非特指)的早,中,晚等。 theg.in the 20 century / in the 1950s / in 1989 / in summer / in January/ in the morning / in the night (在夜间)/ in one's life/ in one's thirties等。 on: 表示具体某一天及其早,中,晚。 eg. on May 1st / on Monday/ on New Year's Day/on a cold night in January / on a fine morning/ on Sunday afternoon等。 at: 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。 eg. at 3:20 / at this time of year /at the beginning of /at the end of … / at the age of … / at Christmas / at night / at noon / at this moment等。 注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词.如:We meet every day. 2)in, after: 在……之后 2. in +段时间"表示将来的一段时间以后; eg. My mother will come back in three or four days. after+段时间"表示过去的一段时间以后; eg. He arrived after five months. after+将来点时间"表示将来的某一时刻以后。 eg. She will appear after five o'clock this afternoon. 3)from, since 自从…… from: 仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久; eg. He studied the piano from the age of three. sinc: 表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。 eg. They have lived here since 1978. 4)after, behind: 在……之后 after: 主要用于表示时间; eg. We shall leave after lunch. behind: 主要用于表示位置. eg. Lucy is hiding behind an old house. 5) until/till: 直到„为止。 eg.till/until last week/ till/untill now/ from morning till night 6) by: 在某时间之前;不晚于„„时间。 eg. by the end of lasy year 小测试: A. on B.in C.at D.from 1. We often go to the park___________Sunday morning. A.after B.before C.till D.since 2. My aunt has worked in a clinic___________1949. A. since B. on C. in D. to 3. His father will be back from London__________a few days. A.at B. of C.on D.with 4.It happened to be very cold_____the morning of our sports meet. A.at B.in C.on D.over 5.He decided to visit the factory _________Friday night. A. on B.at C.in D.during 6.He suddenly returned__________a rainy night. A. 10 minutes later B. after 10 minutes C. in 10 minutes D. 10 minutes after 7.The doctor will be free__________. A. After B. In C. From D. Since 8. “How long has his bookshop been in business?” “_______1982.” A. until B.after C.by D.around 9. The train leaves at 6:00 p.m.. So I have to be at the station ________5:40 at the latest. A. by; until B. until; around C. till; by D. at; on 10. “Can I stay________the weekend?” “Yes, but you’ll have to leave_________Monday middy at the latest.” B. for nine o’clock C.since two hours D.sicne two hours ago 11. They have been in the store__________. A. for a long time ago 12.I have been playing chess________many years, but I’m hardly a expert. A. in B.with C.since D.for 3.表示方式介词: (1) by: + 接人或方式等。eg. made by him/by this means eg. by doing this/by car/bus/train/bike/ us/ come in by the door (2) in: + 接语言/衣物等。eg. in this way eg. in the(this/that) way/ in a high(low) voice/ in pen /ink / English/the rain (3) with: + 接工具性的名词或其他名词。eg. with this method eg. with a hammer/ a pen(pencil) (4) on: + 接人体名词和TV等词。 eg. lie on one’s back/ to learn English on TV/on the radio (5) to : + 接乐器或乐曲名词。 eg.to sing to the piano( guitar) /to dance to music 3.by fax /radio / telephone: 靠传真、无线电、电话 注意,1.by weight (volume) : 按重/体积 2. by height: 按高度 4. by the week/ the hour/ the year 按周/ 按小时/ 按年 5. by the pound按英镑 小测试: A. in B. with C. by D. on 1. He worked out the problem_________that means. A. by B. at C. with D. in 2. Please answer my question_________a loud enough voice. A. by which B. by that C. in which D. with which 3.This is the car___________he came here. A. with; looked B. to; looking C. on; looking D. on; looked 4. He lay_________his back, his eyes_________upward. A. in; with B. with; in C. with; with D. in; in 5. He often wrote________a pen, but now he is writing______pencil. A. by B. through C. on D. with 6.He built a telescope____________with he could study the skies. A. by; open B.when; opened C.while; opening D. with; open 7.He often sleeps___________the window___________. A. on B. in C. with D. for 8.How beautiful the girl looks___________her new clothes. A. by B. from C. on D. in 9.He often learns English__________TV after wrok. 3. A. by music B. by the music C. to music D. to the music 10.They often dance _____________on Sunday nights. A. with B. in C. by D. on 11. The tall building was destroyed___________a big fire. A. to dance B. to dance by C. to dance with D. to dance to 12. The young man often writes music___________ A. with fax B. to fax C. by fax D. by he fax 13. The manager keeps in touch with me___________. A. by B. on C. in D. through 14. He was caught__________the heavy rain. 4.表示除外介词: 除外介词有:besides; but; except和apart from。 (1) besides: 除外„„之外(还包括„„)。 eg. We need fifteen more people besides your group. besides + doing sth. eg. What else did you do besides writing a letter? eg. I don’t really want to go. Besides, it’s too late now. 注意: ? besides: adv. 而且, 再说 eg. She is sitting beside me on the bench. ? beside: prep.在„„之旁。 (2) except/ but: 除„„之外(不包括)。 eg. We work every day except/but Saturday and Sunday. except for + sth. : 除去整体的一部分或对部分缺点要修正。 eg.?Except for the color, I like the car very much. eg.?Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes. except that + 从句: eg. We know nothing about him except that he is America. except when +从句: eg. He comes to see me every day except when it rains. except/ but +to do sth. eg.? I have nothing else to do except look after the child. ?She did nothing but (to)cry. ? We had no other choices but (to) go the the police station for help. (3) besides : 用于否定句= except/ but eg. I have no other tools besides/except/but these. (4) apart from: eg. I’ve finished apart from the last question. ? = except for: 除„„之外(不包括) eg. What other sports do you like apart from football? ? = in addition to; as well as除外„„之外(还); 此外; 加之 (5) other than = except: 除…以外 eg. ?I don’t know any French people other than you. 小测试: ? We’re going away in June but other than that I’ll be here all summer. A. beside B. besides C. accept D. except 1.She said that they had no other choices______go to the teacher for help. A. except B. but C. besides D.beside 2. Does John know any other foreign language_______French? A. except B. expect C. only D. beside 3. No one knew Mr. Benson’s address________his daughter. A. Beside B. Besides C. Except D. Except for 4. _______his wife, no one went to see him. A. except B. besides C. beside D. except for 5. The film is good ________its ugly colour A. except when B but when C. except for D.except that 6. We know nothing about her _________she lives downstairs. A. except for B. except that C. expect when D. except when 7. This kind of animals never comes out_________it’s dark. A. except asked B. besides to ask C. but to asking D. except to ask 8. He seldom comes to see me _________for money. 5.表示原因介词: (1) because of + 名词/代词/ what从句,说明做某事的原因。 eg. ?She was late because of her illness. ? I came here because of you. ?He was angry because of what you did. (2) for : for…reason(为了„原因)或用于固定搭配。 eg. ?She decided to get a job for several reasons. ?For what reason were you late? ?He is praised for writing a good poem. ?China is famous for its long history. ?He was scolded for being late. ? He got an award for bravery. ? I couldn’t speak for laughing. (3) as a result of :由于„„的结果=because of eg. The river was flooded as a result of the heavy rain. (4) owing to:prep. =because of 由于; 因为 eg. Owing to his hard work, he succeeded. 注意,在动词之后或从句之首用owing to表示“因为”。 eg. The game was cancelled owing to the heavy rain. (5) due to: because of 由于;因为。 eg. The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. 4. (6) thanks to:幸亏; 由于; 因为 eg. Everyone knows about it now, thanks to you ! 小测试: A. because B. for C. because of D. as of 1.She did’t come to the party__________what you had said. A. because B. because of C. for D. owing to 2. He doesn’t believe you ___________what you said is wrong. A. as B. because C. since D. for 3. He was punished___________ breaking the law. A. because B. for C. as a result of D. owed to 4. The building was burned down __________the big fire. A. Because of B. Because C. For D. Since 5.__________what reason was Mark put into prison? 6.表示方向介词: (1) at : 表示方向的一个“点”, 具有攻击的意思。 eg. He shot at a bird./ shout at sb./ rush at sb./come at sb. (2) to : 指方向,不强调点。 eg. He went to the factory./ throw a ball to sb. (3) towards : 强调向某处运动的方向。 eg. He walked towards me. (4) across: 表示横过,即从物体表面通过,与on有关; eg. She swam across the river./walk across the desert (5) through: 穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关。 eg. He walked through the forest./ walk through the forest 小测试: A. towards B. at C. to D. / 1. He shot __________ the bird, but it flew away. A. to B. for C. at D. on 2. The wolf jumped _________the farmer to eat him. A.over B. across C. through D. in 3. It took me five hours to walk ________the forest. A. on B. through C. across D. towards 4. I walked ___________the square to the hotel. A. over B. across C. on D. at 5. He walked ________ the hall, smiling strangely. A. across B. over C. cross D. through 6. They wanted to swim___________the river to the church. 7.表示目的介词:for (1) for + 名词= to do sth. eg. ?to go out for food= to go out to look for food ?to go o the pub for a drink= to go to the pub to have a drink (2) for + doing sth. : 表示用途和原因。 eg. ?The pen is used for writing. ?He was praised for saving a child. (3) for + 宾语+ 不定式 eg. I opened the door for you to come in. 小测试: A. for seeing B. with seeing C. to see D. for to see 1. He went to the college _________Professor Wang. A. with B. for C. on D. for having 2. He went to the college_________an interview with Professor Wang. B. to eat; for looking at C. for eating; to look at D. for eating; for looking at 3. Is that cake________or just ________. A. to eat; to look at A. of B. with C. for D. to 4. It’s usual ________foxes to come so close to town. A. that B. which C. for D. with 5. It is important________there to be plenty of discussion. A. for B. for to be C. for it to be D. for there to be 6. It is too late________anyone in the room. A. about B. with C. of D. for 7. I’m anxious ________the party to be a success. 8.表示价值等量交换介词: (1) at : 用示表示“以„的价格或速度”。 eg. at a low cost/ at a high price/at a top(full) speed/ at fifty kms an hour (2) for :用示表示 “等价交换”。 eg. a chicken for five dollars/ a check for 1,000 dollars 小测试: A. at B. on C. by D. in 1. I bought the book _________one yuan a copy. A. for B. on C. with D. at 2. I can’t buy the house __________such a price. A. with B. on C.at D. for 3. The spaceship leaves the ground _________high speed. A. with B. at C. for D. on 4. The old man sold his old car _________two thousand dollars. 9.表示关系介词: of, from, on, about和to等。 (1) of : 表示所属、关于、同位或说明事物的性质、 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 、 eg. the roof of the house (所属) / stories of Lei Feng(关于) 5. 状况等。eg. a man of ability/ a matter of great importance/ the city of Dandong (2) from : 表示来源。 eg. a sentence from Book II / a letter from America/ a man from Beijing (3) on : 表示专门论述, “关于” 。 表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性 eg. ?There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon. 的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读。 ?He is writing a book on cooking. ? some advice on how to learn English / a book on time (4) about:表示内容较为普通,一般性的谈论、叙 eg. ?He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation. 述; 不那么正式。 ? a book about Africa children (5) to : 表示方向、途径或内在联系的关系。 eg. an entrance to the hall/ on the way to school/ a note to the text… 小测试: A. of B. in C. with D. to 1. Could you find an answer _______the problem in the book I gave you? C. of D. over A. in B. on 2. The storm moved northward yesterday, dropping five inches _______snow during the six hours before noon. A. over B. of C. on D. to 3. After completing his examination ________the patient, the doctor went out to do something. 4. “Here is an article________smoking.” “I’ve heard a lot of discussion _______that problem recently. A. on; at B. of; from C. about; about D. on; on A. to B. in C. of D. from 5. Yesterday I received a telegram _________his uncle who lives abroad. A. visit of B. visit C. visit to D. visit about 6. On his________Japan, he made a lot of friends. 10.表示让步介词: (1) in spite of + 名词/代词 : 尽管; 虽然 eg. They got there in time in spite of the rain. (=though it was raining) (2) despite+ 名词/代词 : 尽管; 虽然 eg. Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work. 注意,两者接的是能引起或带来困难的名词。 小测试: A. despite of B. though C. in spite of D. although 1.They worked in the fields ________the heavy rain. D.although her looks A. despite she looks B. in spite of her looks C. though she looks 2. He married her _________. 3. He can’t work out the math problem_________. A. in spite of a teacher B. despite he is a teacher C. in despite of a teacher D. though he is a teacher 11.表示伴随介词: with和without (1) with + 名词/代词 + 形容词/副词/ eg.? He went out to see the film with his girl friend. (2) without 介词短语/现在分词/过去分词 ? He left without saying goodbye. ? He came to the party without being invited. ? He often sleeps with the door open. ? He went out without his cap on. ? Don’t sit with your feet pointing at others. ?Don’t go out without the door locked. ?The man died without anyone knowing where the coins were buried. 小测试: A. since B. because C. without D. unless 1. I don’t think you can finish the work _____my help. A. when B. while C. with D. because 2. He slept well__________all the wondows open. 3. The murderer was brought in with his hands ________behind his back. A. being tied B.having tied C. to be tied D.tied A. unless B. besides C. without D. except 4. They went to see the film__________Bob. B. for C. with D. for 5. The teacher came into the classroom__________a large dictionary under his arm. A. and A. while B.when C. and D. with 6. The husband and wife worked in the field ________their little son playing under a tall tree nearby. B. tied C. being tied D. to be tied 7. There is a rope nearby with its end ________in a circle. A. is tied 12.表示根据介词: (1) according to: 据(„所说);按(„所报道);依照;按照 eg. ?According to Mick, it’s a great movie. ?Everything went according to plan. (2) in accordance with sth: (fml.) 依照; 依据 eg. We acted in accordance with my parents’ wishes. 6. (3) on :prep. 根据; 由于 eg. On their advice I applied for the job. / a story based on fact 13.相近介词比较: (1)时间介词at; on 和in的区别: ? at: 表示时间点。eg. at seven o’cock/at noon/at midnight / at daybreak/ at dusk/at dawn ? on: 表示某一天;某一天的某一段 eg. on Sunday / on the first of October / on Sunday morning/on the afternoon of Saturday/ on a cold evening ? in : 表示一段(往往不是具体的一段)时间。 eg. in the morning/ a week/ winter/ May / 2010/ in the twentieth century 小测试: 注意,当morning, afternoon, evening 前面有early和late 修饰时, 通常前用介词in。 A. in; in B. at; at C. at; on D. at; in 1. He will come back_______eight o’clock_______the morning. A. in B. at C. on D. to 2.He left for Shanghai__________the following night. A. in B. on C. at D. by 3. They visited the city__________June, 2010. A. in B. at C. on D. by 4. They arrived in Beijing________the morning of July 28th, 2010. A. in B. on C. at D.to 5. The plane arrived at the airport____late afternoon of last Sunday. (2)时间介词in和during的区别: eg. ?in/ during the winter ? in /during my absence ? in ? 两者都表示一段时间,可以互换。 ? during ?in:只说明一般的一段时间;during: 强调一段延续的时间。 ? during my visit/stay/meal 小测试: A. in B. since C. from D. during 1. Great changes took place in my country _______my stay in America. A. in B. for C. since D. during 2. They visited many cities_________their stay in China. (3)时间介词for, since和afte的区别r: eg. I haven’t seen her for two weeks. ? for: 表示时间长度; 两个介词常 eg. I haven’t seen her since two weeks ago. ? since: 表示从过去某一点开始延续到现在; 用于完成时中。 eg. ?I didn’t see her after school. ? after: 表示从某一点开始,但这一点不延续到现在,不与完成 体连用,常用于过去时和将来时的句子中。 ?I’ll go to see her after three o’clock. 小测试: A. in B. for C. after D. since 1. They haven’t been there _________2000. A. in B. after C. for D. since 2. He has been in hospital__________ three weeks. A. for B. since C. after D. from 3. They didn’t go there _________2001. A. in B. after C.since D. for 4. The work will be finished__________five o’clcok. A. for B. since C. after D. from 5. He has been away from his hometown _______three weeks ago. (4)时间介词till,until, to和by的区别: eg. ?I worked till/until eight oclock in the evening. ? till : ?两词都表示时间或动作的延续,意义无太大区别; ? I didn’t see him till/until last week. ? until : ?用于句首表示强调时常用until。 ? Until two o’clock I had to wait. ? from…to… : to可以用until或till替代; eg. from morning to/ until/till night / put the meeting to/till/until Tuesday ? to : 还可用于表示钟点。 eg. five to two eg. ?A: “Can you repair my car by Wednesday?” ? by :强调一个动作不迟于或在此以前会发生或完成。 eg.?A: “Can I stay until weekend?” B: “No, I’ll need to keep it until Friday.” B: “Yes, you’ll have to leave by Sunday midday at the latest.” 小测试: A. to B. till C. until D.by 1. You may have my camera, but I must have it back________five o’clock this afternoon. A. until B. after C.by D.around 2. The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station_______5:40 p.m at the latest. A. to B. till C. by D. for 3. I didn’t see him_________last month. A. till B. around C. to D. by 4. It’s two_________five already; I must be off now. 7. From D. Until A. Till B. By C. 5. ________midnigt he’ll stay here. (5)地点介词in front of, before 和 in the front of的区别: eg. There are some trees in front of the house. ? in front of: 表示一个物体在另一个物体之前; eg. in the front of the bus/ in the front of the meeting room/walk in the front ? in the front of: 在某物体(内部)之前。 eg. Your name comes before mine. / We’ll never give in before difficulties. ? before: 表示排列次序或用于抽象的事物; 用于人或物的前部,不说明地点关系。 eg. before my mind / before the court / before one’s eyes / Hard work before us, we never… 小测试: A. before B. in the front of C. in the front D. in front of 1. I think I’ll put the desk_______the window. A. before B. in the front of C. in front of D. facing 2. There is a car parked right________the gate and I can’t get through. A. in front of B. in the front of C. before D.to the front of 3. Those with babies can get into the train________the other passengers. A.before B. in front of C.in the front of D.before of 4. You should put the study of English________everything else. A. before B. in front of C. in the front of D. at the front of 5. In order to hear clearly, he sat__________the hall. (6) at the end, by the end和in the end的区别: 时间, 表示“在„的末或结尾”, 常用于一般过去和一般将来时;当表示在一段时间末完成一件事时也可用于过去完成时。 + ? at the end : + 地点, 表示“在„的尽头或末端”。 eg.? Mr. Green visited China at the end of last year. ? I’ll go to see you at the end of the month. ? He has learnt enough to read in Russian at the end of six months. ? There is a big hotel at the end of this road. eg. ? They had learnt 600 new word word文档格式规范word作业纸小票打印word模板word简历模板免费word简历 s by the end of last term. ? by the end of : + 时间, 表示截止某一段时间, 常用于过去完成时和将来完成时。 ? We’ll have finished the lesson by the end of the week. eg. I got the job I wanted in the end. ? in the end : = finally; at last 表示 “最后”。 小测试: A. in B. at C. by D. to 1. They had built a new house_________the end of last year. A. to B. at C. in D. by 2. I think the film is a bit weak__________the end. A. in B. at C. by D. to 3. They will leave for the United States______the end of the month. A. to the end B. in the end C. by the end D. at the end 4. They waited a long time and________the bus arrived. A. to the end B. at the end C. in the end D. by the end 5. The house had been built________of the year. (7) in three days’ time, in three days和after three days的区别: eg. He’ll be back in three days’ time/in three days. ? in three days’ time : 用于将来时, 表示“在三天之后“; eg. He finished his work in three days’ time/in three days. ? = in three days : 用于过去时, 表示“在三天之内”。 ? after three days : 从过去的某一时间点算起的三天之后,相当于three days after或three days later; 也可表示在将来的某一时间点之后。 eg.?He went to Shanghai last month and went back after three days/ three days after(later) 小测试: ?He will come back after three o’clcok. B. after ten minutes C. in ten minutes D. ten minutes after 1. The doctor will be free__________. A. ten minutes later C. after a few days D. a few days after A. in a few day time B. in a few days 2. His father will be back from the United States________. A. in four hours B. after four hours C. until in four hours D. until after four hours 3. He went to bed at 9 p.m. but didn’t go to sleep__________. B. in three days C. after three hours’ time D. in three hours time 4. The boy finished the composition________. A. after three hours A. In B. Later C. After D. Until 5. ______two o’clcok in the morning they will arrive at the Great Wall. (8) as和like的区别: eg. As a scientist, he is strict in everything. ? as : @ 说明一个人的身份; eg. Like everybody else in the school, he can speak English. ? like : @ 说明一般的“像”。 I have the same opinion as you. / To sell such a suit as that to a millionaire ! eg. ? the same„as / such„as eg. Don’t talk to your mother like that. ? like this/that 小测试: 8. A. of B. as C. to D.like 1. The word “write” have the same pronunciation_________the word “right”. A. for B. like C. as D. to 2. I’ ve never seen such a clever boy _________you. A. as B. in C. like D. liked 3. How can you talk to me__________that? A. for B. like C. as D. with 4. He went to work, first_________a teacher, then a government officer. A. but; as B. but; like C. yet; as D. yet; like 5. Though she is twenty, _________she acts_________a little girl. (9) three years ago和three years before的区别: eg. He left school three years ago. ? three years ago: 从现在开始的三年前; three years ago: 也用于对过去虚拟的句式中; eg. If you had come here three years ago, you would have seen what a poor life they lived. eg. He finally left the school where he had begun to work 20 years before. ? three years before: 从过去某一点开始的三年前。 小测试: A. ten years before B. before ten years C. ten years ago D. ago ten years 1. I started working for this company________. 2. Last summer I met him in the street and he told me that he has joined the party_________. A. five years ago B.ago five years C. five years before D. before five years 3. I had thought that he had died at least_________. A. twenty years ago B. twenty years before C. before twenty years D. twenty years later 4. “You should have come here_________,” the teacher said angrily. A. five minutes ago B. five minutes before C. in five minutes time D. in five minutes’ time 5. If you_________, you would have met him. A. came here five minutes ago B. had come here five minutes before C. came here five minutes before D. had come here five minutes ago (10)表示"在……之间"的介词: between, among的区别: eg. ?What’s the difference between the two words? (1) between指在两个人或两个事物之间; eg. ?There is a football match between Class One and Class Two on the playground. (2) among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间. eg. The teacher is standing among the students. 小测试: 1. His father died__________the two world wars. A. in B. between C. for D. among A. among B. between C. besides D. by 2. He is sitting__________Bob, Mary and me. A. between B. among C. on D. through 3. The high red house stands up ________the trees. A. in B. between C. among D. to 4. He left some money to be divided________all the servants. A. before B. in front of C. between D. among 5. We’ll never give in____________difficulties. (11) since 和from 的区别: eg. I’ve been here since three o’clock. ? since :强调一个动作从开始一直持续到说话时,常用于完成时; eg. He learned English from the age of three. ? from : 只强调动作的开始,而不说什么时候结束。 eg. I’llbe here from three o’clock this afternoon. 小测试: A. for B. in C. from D. since 1. I met her last Christmas, but I had known her by sight________1999. A. in B. during C. from D. since 2. He was interested in drawing________his early childhood. A. at B. after C. since D. from 3. I was there__________three o’clock, but nobody came. A. at B. after C. from D. since 4. I’ve been here_______three o’clcok, but nobody has come. A. Of B. From C. Between D. Among 5. ________Shanghai and Shenyang, the former is larger. 14.介词固定搭配词组: ? 1.名词与介词的固定搭配: (1) key, answer, visit, apology, introduction, attitude, monument, devotion… + to (2) interest, satisfaction, expert… + in (3) mercy, congratulations, effect… + on (4) prize for / respect for / victory over / struggle with/ excuse for/ for fear of 9. ? 2.形容词与介词的固定搭配: (1) afraid, angry, good, bad, clever, surprised, excited, puzzled, frightened…+ at (2) afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy… + of (3) angry, strict, careful, busy, popular, patient… + with (4) weak, strict, rich, interested, successful, slow… + in (5) next, good, polite, kind, cruel, rude, known, married, close, similar, due…+ to (6) sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious, hungry… + for (7) far, different, free, safe, absent, tired…+ from (8) sorry, worried, curious, anxious, careful, sure, certain… + about 注意,同一形容词与不同介词搭配其含义不同: eg.?He is good to her. ?The advice is good for her. eg.? He was tired of the work. ? He was tired with/from the work. ? 3.介词的固定搭配: ? at: at dawn : 拂晓 eg.They start work at dawn. at daybreak: 拂晓 eg. We left before daybreak/at daybreak. at sunrise : 日出时; at sunset(sundown) : 日落时; at noon : 在中午; at dusk : 在黄昏 eg. The street lights go in at dusk. at night : 在夜晚; at home: 在家; at table: 在用餐; at school :在上学; at college :在上大学; at last : 最后; at rest : 静止不动; at risk= at the risk of :有危险; 冒风险; at the thought of: 一想到;at the cost of:在„的费用;at the bottom of: 在„的底部 at the price of :以„价格; at a speed of: 以„速度;at (the) most/ least: 至多(少); at the head of : 首先; at(on) the top of; at (a) great expense :以巨大费用; at intervals :每隔; at the foot of; at peace; at war; at present(=at the present time) 小测试: B.the foot of the mountain C. the feet of the mountain D. the mountain’s foot 1. There was a temple at_________. A. the mountain foot A. costly B. at great expense C.expensively D. vey dearly 2. The government completed the project_________. A. on B. at C. to D. in 3. She was frightened _______the thought of that matter. A. in B. with C. at D. on 4. The car can run________a speed of 120 miles anhour. A. at B. to C. for D. on 5. He climbed to the top of the mountain_______ the risk of his life. ? from: from memory: 凭记忆; from cover to cover: 从头至尾; from day to day: 日复一日; from beginning to end: 从头 至尾; from head to toe: 从头到脚; from the(bottom of your) heart: 真诚地; 从内心(深处); from door to door:挨家挨户。 ? in : in high/poor/bad spirits:情绪高涨、低落; in tears:热泪盈眶; in fear:在恐惧中; in danger:在危险中; in peace:和平相处; in safety:很安全; in need:被需要; in good order:很整齐;in silence:静静地; in good health:身体好; in a fever:在发烧; in love: 在热恋中; in public:在公共场所; in doubt:有疑问; in print:在印刷; in flower:在开花。 ? of + 抽象名词 = 形容词: of + great/much +抽象名词= very +形容词; of + no +抽象名词= not +形容词 eg. ?It is of great/much value. = It is very valuable. ? The camel is of great help to the Abra. = The camle is very helpful to the Arab. ? to + 情感名词: to one’s delight/ surprise/horror/sorrow / joy / regret = to the delight/ surprise/ horror/ sorrow/joy/ regret of sb./ to one’s astonishment/ pleasure / to one’s taste/ to a certain degree(extent) : 到某种程度 to one’s measuer: 按照某人的尺寸to the day: 直到今天; to the point:切题 小测试: A. with a certain point B. to some point C. to some extent D. until a certain extent 1. I agree with him________, but not entirely. A. pleasing B. pleasure C. please D. pleasant 2. To my_______, the workers set up a carved figure in front of the building. A. to day B. until today C. to this day D. by this day 3. He is a great thinker and his theory is remembered_______. B. at the point C. by the point D. to the point 4. What he said is _________. A. on the point 5. ______my astonishment, the______girl made a pair of shoes_________her own measure. A. To; six-year-old; to B. At; six-years-old; at C. For; six-years’-old; for D. To; six-years-old; to 6. To our great_______, Geoffrey’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared. A. anxiety B. relief C. view D. judgment 10. ? 4. “动词+介词”搭配: 注意: 特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。 ? rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow (“夺去、除去”意义的动词与of 连用) ? supply us with food / fill the glass with wine (“供给”意义的动词与with连用) ? make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the material into a coat (“制作、制造”意义与of、from、into连用) ?介词 + the + 部位与动词的关系 (=动词 + sb.’s + 部位,可换用) strike him on the head(“击,拍,碰,摸”意义与on连用) catch him by the arm (“抓,拉,拿,扯”意义与by连用) hit the boy in the face (“肚,胸,眼,脸”等人体前部与in连用) ? prevent(stop, keep)sb. from doing sth.(“阻止,禁止”意义与from连用) ? persuade(advise, warn)sb. into doing sth.(“说服,建议”意义与into连用) ? buy sb. for sth.(leave、get、win、gain、lose等“得失”意义与for连用) ? tell sth.to sb.(show、teach、sing、write、read等“告知”意义与to连用) ? give sth. to sb.(give、allow、promise、pass、hand等“授予”意义与to连用) 注意,???可换成buy sb.sth.双宾结构。 ? say to sb.(suggest、explain、apologize、murmur、whisper与“对象”连用必须用to)不可说suggest sb.sth.。 注意,@ 同一动词与不同介词搭配意义不同。 ?look for(寻找) ?agree to sth. hear of(听说) ?call on(拜访) ?look to (眺望) ?agree with sb. ?call for(需要) ?look at(看) ?agree on sth. hear from(收到信) ?call in(请) @ 同一介词与不同动词搭配,意义各异: reply to the letter回信,sing(dance)to the music和……唱(跳),amount to 达到,加起来有……, ? 5.常见“形容词 + 介词”搭配。 eg. afraid of担心…… afraid for 替……而担心 anxious for sth.渴望…… ? 6. “名词 + 介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分: the absence of water缺水 the hope of success成功的希望have a chance of (for) entering college上大学的机会take pride in them为他们感 到骄傲the key to the question问题的答案a medicine for cough治咳嗽的药the ticket for tomorrow明天的票his abesence in Beijing去了北 京 his abesence from Beijing不在北京 the way to study学习方法 the way of studying maths学习教学的方法。 某些名词与介词构成的固定搭配: ?要求接to的名词有:key、answer、visit、entrance、apology、introduction、road等。 ?要求接in 的名词有:interest、satisfaction、expert等。 ? 15.省略介词情况: 1.表示“一段时间”的短语中;如:I waited (for) an hour.我等了一个小时。 2.在(at) what time…词组里,at一般要省略,特别在口语中。如What time does the play start?戏什么时候开演, 3.在(in) the same way, (in) this way, (in)another way等词组里,in常省略,特别是口语中。 4.介词for表示时间的省略要求。 (A)以all开头的名词短语,for要省略。如:I stayed with her all he morning. (B)表示一段时间的短语之前,for可以省或不省。如:I have been waiting hereI (for) more than three hours. (C)否定句中,表示时间的短语前的for不能省略。如:I haven’t seen you for thirty years. (D)时间状语在主句之前,for不能省略。如:For the whole morning,the old man kept reading. 5.在all of,both of和half of等短语中,如果of后面还有另外的限定词,of常省略。如all (of) my friends. 6.在以this,that,next,last,yesterday,tomorrow,one,every,each,some,any和all等开始的表示时间的词组前,一般不用介词。 如:next day / last Sunday / that morning / these years; some day /one day / yesterday / afternoon; the night before / last weekend / that day。 7.某些动词短语之后的介词可以省略。 eg.?Nothing can prevent me(from)doing the job. ?She spent nearly two hours(in)translating it. 11. ? 16.吊尾介词: 往往由于受到汉语的影响而缺少,吊尾介词使用的场合有: (1)定语从句中,先行词被一个不及物动词所修饰,不及物动词后要接介词,先行词被“动词 + 介词”组成的短语动词所修饰,介词 eg. He is the man I just spoke to. 常在句尾。 eg. I can’t imagine what it is like. (2)what、whose、who、whatever等引导的宾语从句,宾语从句出现吊尾介词。 (3) 强调句型,特殊疑问句中由于被强调部分和疑问词位置变更,常出现吊尾介词。 eg.?It was the poor boy that we gave the books to. ?What for? / Where to? / Who with? (4)不及物动词的不定式修饰表“涉及对象、场合、工具、方式、材料”等意义的名词时常带吊尾介词。 eg.?a room to live in / a bench to sit on ?There is nothing to worry about. ?She is a good girl to work with. (5)某些形容词后接不定式或“动词 + 介词”型短语,动词的不定式形式表“反射”,常用吊尾介词。 ?fit、easy、hard、comfortable、difficult、heavy等形容词后。 ?The river is good to swim in. / The box is too heavy to carry. ?be worth doing sth. / be worthy of being done / to be done, want/require / need doing ? 17.介词宾语的两个易错点: 介词的宾语主要是名词和代词,但要注意以下几点: 1. 动词作宾语:动词作介词的宾语原则上要用动名词。但是,表示“除……外”的介词 except, but 后通常接不定式作宾语,且这个不 定式有时带to(若其前没有动词do),有时不带 to(若其前有动词do)。 eg. I had no choice but to wait. 除了等,我没有别的选择。 2. 从句作宾语:能用作介词宾语的从句是以指疑问句开头的句子。 eg. We talked about how we could cooperate. 我们谈到该怎样合作。 注意: that从句通常不能用作介词宾语,遇此情况应在介词后加上 the fact。 eg.They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。(其中的 the fact 不可省略) 但是: 表示“除……外”的介词 except, but 后可直接跟 that 从句。 eg. This suit fits me well except that the trousers are too long. 这套衣服我穿很合适,只是裤子太长。 ? 18.介词--短语动词中的关键角色 A.一般介词可放在whom/which的前面或其所在的从句的句尾,关系代词为that时,只可放在其所在的从句的句尾。 eg.?Is this the car for which you paid a high price? ?Is this the car that you paid a high price for? B.介词during, except以及表示(从整体中)“分割”(出部分)的介词of等介词要放在关系代词的前面: eg.?The years during which he was away ?He wrote many books, some of which C.其介词与动词不可分割的短语动词中的介词必须放在其动词之后,不可放在关系代词之前: eg.This is the book which he has been looking for. ? 19.兼作连词和副词的介词: ?after、since、till / still、before这些词既是介词,又是连词。 ?in、on、along、down、up、after、before、along、beyond等介词可兼作副词。 ?有的介词可以兼作连词和副词。 eg.?All the students got to school before me.(before为介词) ?We do want to buy something now before prices go up.(连词) ?Haven’t I seen you before?(before为副词) ?We haven’t seen each other since last year. (介词) ? 20.再议只要介词辨析: 1) 表示时间的at, in, on, during,by,over till,until,to: (1) at表示片刻的时间;如:at 8 o’clock ,常用词组有:at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。 (2) in表示一天的时间段(如上午、下午、晚上)、朋份、季节、年份、世纪、人生的某个时期;如:in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future等。 in和during表一段时间内两词可互用。如:in the night, during the night, in the war, during the war。但略有区别:当接表示“活动”的抽 象名词时多用during,接“活动”的动名词及短语时用in 12. (3) on总是跟日子有关,具体几月几号、星期几等:on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning等。 (4) by表示到某一时刻、日期、期间之前,"不迟于(not later than)"常与过去完成时连用 (5) over表时间时,“在……期间”或“一面……一面”。 (6) during表示在一时间期间,“在……期间”,强调“自始至终”。 (7) till/until (到……为止) ,在肯定句中要用延续性动词;与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中,not....until…译为“直到……才”,谓语动 词用短暂性动词。until可以用于句首 eg.?He waited for me till twelve o’clock. ?He didn’t get up till(until) 10 a.m.(不可用to). 注意,在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用till而用until。eg. Not until 9 a.m.did Mr.Smith come back to school. (8) to表“终结”时常用和from连用,但要注意不与from连用时的意义不同。如:from July to September, from six to(till)eight(从……到…… 为止),但from morning till night(从早到晚),不能用to。from … to常构成习惯搭配,不可换用其他介词。 (A) 表持久连续、传递、转移的含义。from time to time(不时,有时),from day to day (天天),from hand to hand(不断传下去),from place to place(处处,到处),from side to side(左右摇摆),from door to door(家家户户),from house to house(挨家挨户),from shop to shop(一个商店接一个商店)。 (B)表起始终止的全过程或程度加深、状态变化。from beginning to end /from the beginning to the end of(…从头到尾,自始至终);from hand to mouth(仅能糊口),from bad to worse(越来越糟),from head to foot(从头到脚),from top to bottom (整个地,彻底地), from top to toe(全身),from start to finish(自始至终,从头到尾)。 (C) from one + 名词 + to another表示“依次”。如from one car to another(顺着车厢依次地)。 (D) 名词 + by + 同一单数名词,表示“一个一个地”,要与from … to短语区别开:one by one 一个一个地;little by little(bit)一点一点 地;step by step 一步一步地,逐渐地(但by and by 不久以后);sentence by sentence逐句地;day by day一天一天地;side by side(with…)(和……)并肩,一起;shoulder to shoulder肩并肩地,齐心协力;hand in hand 手拉手,紧紧地;face to face面对面。 注意,早、午、晚前一般用in;但表示具体日子的上午、下午、晚上,则要用on~表示假日时,如果指具体的日子要用on,如果 指的是“时节(含整个之际),则用at如:在元旦那天,许多人去了公园;用on。在元旦时节,中国北方气候很冷;用at . 词组:at the weekend在周末,at Christmas在圣诞节,at Midsummer在仲夏,at Easter在复活节期间 2) 表示时间的since、from、through和for: (1) since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,接时间点,常与现在完成时连用。since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从…起一直到 现在。 (2) from表示从时间的某一点开始,不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如:I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995. (3) for后接一段时间,可与多种时态连用,如与完成时态连用,谓语动词只能用延续性动词;for +(一段斶间)”表示“总共有…之久”。 3) 表示时间的in,after和later: 三者都表示“在(某个时间)之后,区别在于: ?in + 一段时间:表示说话时为起点一段时间之后,常与一般将来时连用;但表示“在……之内”时,用于各种时态。 ?一段时间 + later(later是副词):表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。 ?after + 一段时间表示:“在……之后”,用于一般过去时(瞬间动词);但时间为点时间时,只能用after,即after + 点时间,用于各 种时态。after 与某些表示活动的名词连用,表示“在……之后”(注:in 不能这样用)。 另外,in + 一段时间 + ’s + time 与 within + 一段时间的用法如下: ?in a week’s time = in a week ?My brother’s birthday is in two weeks’ time.(作表语) ?I’ll finish the book within two weeks.(within = in less than…用于各种时态,不超出,在……之内) 注意,after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后(常用在过去时里)。如:After two months he returned. 4) 近义词after、behind : after用作介词时,很易和另一介词behind混淆不清,因为它们都表示“在…之后”的意思。它们的区别有以下几点: (一) 一般说来,after指时间的先后次序,意为“在…之后”(later in time than); behind指位置的前后,意为“在…后面”(in the rear of)。 eg.?I shall be free after ten o'clock(十点之后我有空。 ?The national stadium is located behind the hill( 国家运动场在山岗的后面。 (二)after常用以指顺序,意为“跟在…之后”、“接着”、“接连”(in succession or next to in order); behind 则表示“隐匿在后”、“背着” 13. 或“遗留在后”之意。 eg.?After you,please~您先请~(出门或进门时的客套用语) ?You should put the direct object after the indirect object(你应该把直接宾语放在间接宾语之后。 (三) 在某些场合下,after和behind可以互换使用,但涵义有所不同。 eg.?Shut the door after you( ?Shut the door behind you( ?句的意思是“随手关门”,after含有离开与关门两个动作的先后的意味;?句的意思是“关上你背后的门”,behind表示门的静止状 态的意味,正因为如此,我们通常说:Don't stand behind the door,而不说:Don't stand after the door. 值得注意的是,在另一些场合下,after和behind 在互换使用后,其意并无区别可言。 eg.?John came in after Alice( ?John came in behind Alice( behind除作介词外,尚可用作副词、名词和形容词; after除作介词外,还可用作副词、连词和形容词。 5) 短语in the end, at the end of, by the end of: in the end作“最后”、“终于”解,可单独使用,后不接介词of; at the end of 表示“在……末梢”,“到……尽头”,既可指时间,也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用; by the end of 作“在……结束时”,“到……末为止”解,只能指时间。不可单独使用。 6) 地点介词at、on、in、to、off: ?表场所:at 在较小的场所,in在较大的场所,on在……的平面上。表示“在……上”的on和in时,on只表示在某物的表面上,而 用in表示占去某物一部分。eg. There is a book on the piece of paper./ He dug a hole in the wall. 在表示街道时,其前有门牌号时用at;不标明门牌号时英国用in美国用on. ?表距离:on、to、in、off还可以与方位词连用表示两地相对位置。表示在某范围内,若A地属于B地,用in; 指与什么毗邻,A 地位于B地的外面且有边缘衔接用on;指在某环境范围之外,无边缘的衔接有to; 相隔一定距离off。相关方位词有:north 、east 、 south 、west等 eg. ?Japan lies to the east of China.(范围之外) ?Taiwan lies in the southeast of China.(范围之外) ?Hunan province lies on the west of Hubei province.(毗邻) ?The island lies off the coast of China.(相隔一定距离) 表示打在某人脸上用in;但在说面部表情时,一般用on;在谈到创伤和身体内部时,一般用in。如:他腿受了伤.用in. ?地点介词的引申、比喻意义:in the sun在阳光下,in the dark(ness)在黑暗中,in the dark不知道,in freezing weather在严寒天气中, in the mud在泥中,in the earth在地下,in the desert在沙漠中,in a heavy rain 在大雨中,in the snow / wind在雪/风中,in public 当众,in trouble 在困境中,get into trouble陷入困境,out of trouble摆脱困难,beyond hope绝望。 7) arcoss 是指横穿,through 是竖穿过某物,along 是沿着, pass 表示通过某个关口,over翻过等 (1) across 和 through 都可表示“横过”或“穿过”; across在物体表面“穿过”;则表示从一端至另一端在表面上或呈十字交叉的通过, 与on有关”,涉及“面”的概念。through则表示在三维空间人群、物体内部“穿过”,与in 有关。 eg.?He walked across the road carefully. 他小心地走过马路。 ?He walked through the forest alone. 他独自一人走过森林。 有时 across 表示“横过”也可在“体”内进行,但此时它仍与through 有差别:前者表示从某个“体”的一端到另一端,而后者表示穿过 两端。 eg.?He walked across the hall. 他从大厅的一端走到另一端。 ?He walked through the hall. 他穿过大厅。 (2)along 表示“沿着”,通常用于狭长的东西。 eg.?I saw him running along the road. 我看见他沿着这条路跑。 ?We walked along the river. 我们沿河散步。 (3)through指“穿过…(门洞/人群/树林)”; across和over可以指“跨越…(街道/河流)”,可互换,但是表示“翻过…”时只能用over. (4)注意以下习惯用法: @与抽象名词连用,表示“通过”,一般只用 through。 eg. He became richer through hard work. 他勤奋致富。 @在美国口语中,可用 from ... through 表示“从……到”(此时不用along 或 across)。 eg.We work from Monday through Saturday. 我们从星期一到星期六工作。 注意,through = from beginning to end“自始至终,从头到尾”。 8) 有关“上下”over / under / above / below/on/beneath: 14. (1) 用于方位有不同词意、是否垂直、是否接触区别: on 、over、above译作“在……之上”; beneath 、under、below译作“在……的下面”,其区别在于over、under表示一种直接的、垂 直的上下关系;而above、below则表示一般的“高于”或“低于”,不一定是垂直“在上”或“在下”。 表示“上、下”时,on/beneath表示与表面接触;over / under是表示不与表面接触,上垂直向上、下;above / below也是表示不与表面 接触,但不一定垂直向上、下。 above与over两者都表示“在上”;而一般"在上", 用above ,表示比较精确地靠近地"垂直在上", 用over。换句话说,表示正上方, 两者均可用;不表示正上方,则通常要用 above。 below与under两者都可表示“低于”;under 主要表示垂直在下的正下方,而 below 则不一定表示正下方(即可以是正下方或非正下 方)。换句话说,表示正下方,两者都可用;不表示正下方,则通常用below。 (2) 数目及其它: above、over两者均可表示数目、数量等的“多于”、“超过”、“……以上”。在现代英语中,above 表示“多于”时,主要用于表示温度、 高度以及有纵向 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 可比的情况。 若含有动态或覆盖的意味,通常用 over,而不用 above。 eg. ?He flew over to France. 他飞到了法国。 ?He flew over to Come over and see us later. 以后来看我们。 表示等级、数量、产量、年龄等“在……下面”“低于……”时,可用below. below与under两者均可表示数量方面的“少于”,但在现代英语中,以用 under 为多见。(注:在现代英语中,below 表示“少于”, 主要用于表示温度、高度以及有纵向标准可比的情况。)若表示一物被另一物所覆盖,则通常用 under。表示职位、级别等关系时, 用 under 表直接关系,用 below 表非直接关系。 9) 动、静意义介词in, into、on、onto: onto和into常与动态动词连用,on和in常与静态动词连用。 in, into表示“进入……内”; into表示动向或变化,侧重动作,不表示目的地或位置。如:We walked into the park.;in通常表示“在…… 之内”,表示位置或处所,侧重状态; in和drop, fall, put, throw, break等终止性动词连用时,也可以表示动向。 eg.I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。 on、onto表示“在(到)……上;on“在……上”,表示位置,侧重状态;onto“到……上”,表示位置的改变。这样的词还有:towards、to、from。 eg.? He walked to the station(静态,表示方向和目的地) ?He walked towards the station.(动态,只表示方向) ? He is kind to (towards)us.(两者通用) ? He is at the station.(静态,表示地点) ? They arrived at the station.(动态,表示地点) ? He swam away from the ship.(动态“离开”) ? He stood away from the shop.(静态“远离”) ? He fell onto the floor.(动态“到地面”) ? The city is on the Changjiang River.(静态“平面”) ? Go off the road.偏离了道路(动态“离去”) ? Come along the river.沿着河过来(线) ? across the fields 跨过田野……,over the desert跨越沙漠 ? across the river横跨这条河……, ? over the hill翻过这座山 ? be in the house(静态,在这里……) ? stay out of the car(静态,在……外) ? go into the house(动态,进入) ? fly out of the country(动态,离开) 10) 表转角:in the corner, on the corner, at the corner: in the corner 表示在角落里,in指角的内面; on the corner表示“在角上”,on指的不是内面,也不是外面,而含内外兼有之意; at the corner指“在拐角处”,at指的是拐角外附近的外面。 eg. The lamp stands in the corner of the room. / I met with him at the street corner. / He sat on the corner of the table. 11) 表上下车: 上、下小汽车(出租车、小船、救生艇)用get in(into)/out of … 而上、下公共汽车、火车、飞机、轮船、马等用get on(onto)/off…… 12) 表相互关系between, among: 一般说来,between表示两者之间,among用于三者或三者以上的中间.注意:但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西,如果强调的 是两两相互间接关系,适用于between。 15. 13) 表累加或排除besides, except, but, except for, except that: (1) besides表示“除了……之外(还有)”,表示一种累加关系,意指“除了什么之外,还有…”,还可常作副词,可单独作插入语并用 逗号隔开;而 except 或 but 则表示一种排除关系,意指“除了什么之外,不再有…”: eg.?Besides,I have few friend. ?Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外,他女儿也去看过他。 ?You can park anywhere except [but] here. 只有这里不能停车。 但是,在否定句中,besides 也表示“除…… ”,与but, except 同义: eg.No one passed the exam besides [except] Jim. 除吉姆外,没一个人通过考试。 (2) except表示“除了……之外(没有)”,相当于“减去”,不能放在句首,强调其后边的例外。如:我剩一封信没写完。 (3) but 与except意思近似: A) 表示“除了……外”在现代英语中,but 的介词用法十分有限,一般说来,它只能用在不定代词之后: no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere,any, anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere,every, everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere , all, none 或 who, what, where 之 后,强调其意义接近完整性。如:我只差一封信就写完了。但是 except 却没有以上限制。 B) But用作介词时,有时可与except互换,它们后可跟动词不定式。当其前由do字样时,无论该do是谓语动词还是非谓语动词, 其后用不带to的不定式,否则,不定式常保留to。“除了……外”后接不定式短语为排除对象时,多用but。 eg.He has nothing to do but wait.(前有do,后省to)。 C) but后接形容词时,或是以固定词组的形式出现时,都不宜用except去代替but。常见的有:nothing but(=only) “只不过是”,anything but(=never)“绝不是”,all but(almost)“几乎跟……一样”,first but, next but,last but. (4) except for表示“如无……就,只是”接名词短语表示引述一个相反的细节或意义为“要不是由于,只是”,其后的宾语一般与句子所 涉及的东西不属同类;若用于句首,则 except for与 except 同义(但 except 通常不用于句首,另外but也不能用于句首): eg. Except for me, everyone passed the exam. 除了我之外,大家都通过了考试。 (5) except that后接名词性从句。 eg. I knew nothing except that he was a foreigner. 14) 表工具方法by、in、on与with:都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是 by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以…方式”、手段,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者;by the back road, by bus, by working hard in表示“使用材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音、文字、途径等, in oils with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段 on表示运送方式:on a train,on foot 15) 近似词组in charge of和in the charge of: 两者都表示“由谁负责、照顾、管理”。区别在于:in charge of后接被照管的人或物,而in the charge of后面则跟照管的人。 eg. Who is in charge of the project?/ The project is in the charge of an engineer.。 同类词组: in front of 和in the front of: in front of = before,是“在……前面”的意思(不在某物内); in the front of则是“在……前部”的意思(在某物内)。 eg.A car was parking in front of the hall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)/ In the front of the hall stood a big desk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台) 16) as, like: as与like的区别:两个词都表示“像……”,但是as译为“作为……”,表示的是职业、职务、身份、作用等事实,而like译为“像……一样”, 表示外表,不是事实。 eg.?Let me speak to you as a father.(我以父亲的身份和你讲话。)(说话者是听者的父亲) ?Let me speak to you like a father.(让我像一位父亲一样和你讲话)(说话者不是听者的父亲) 17) 表示方向和目标时to、 for: to用于go等表示“来往行动”的词后;for用于start等表示“离开、启程”的词后。 go类:go,come,walk,run,dash,move,return,fly,ride,drive,march,make one’s way等 start类:start,leave,sail, ect. 16. 同类方向、目标介词to、 at throw,shout,laugh,growl怒吼,roar咆哮,bellow怒号,mutter咕哝等词后,用at暗含攻击性,表示“对准……的目标”;用to单纯表示动作 方向。eg. He shouted to me.他朝我喊道。 用at : eg. He shouted at me,”Get out!”他冲我嚷道:“滚开~” 18) 表制成时from,of,into: 表示“用……(制成)”时,用“from+(看不出的)原料”;“of+(看得出的)原料”;“into+成品”等结构; 表“由……部分来构成”时,用“up of +组成部分“结构。固定短语:整体部分be made up of 组成部分 19) about, round, around的区别 (1)表示“在……周围”、 “到处”,三者常可互换。 eg.?They sat about [round, around] the fire. 他们围火而坐。 ?He travelled about [round, around] the world. 他周游了全世界。 (2) 用在数字之前表示“大约”,一般用 about 或 around。 eg. It costs about [around] ten dollars. 它大约要花 10 美元。 注意:在英国英语中,在表示时间的词组里也可用 round。 eg. He arrived about [round, around] 5 o’clock. 他是大约5点钟到的。 (3) 表示把某物分给一群人中的每一个时,可用 round 或 around,而不用 about。 eg. Will you hand round [around] the papers? 请你把考卷分发一下,好吗? 但是通常不说:Will you hand about the papers? 20) 表示方式、手段、工具的介词 ?by the year/hour/day按年/小时/天。eg.He rent a house by the year(day,hour).(按by+the+单位名称)但to the pound按磅算,to the ton按吨计。 ?表泛指的方式、手段 by post/mail邮寄,by telephone(radio),但on the phone/on the radio/on TV(电讯器材),by electricity用电,by machinery用电器,by hard work,learn sth.by heart,through the satellite,through practice。 ?交通工具类 by bus/train/car/taxi(road) ; by bike/bicycle,on horse back/on foot; by plane/jet/spaceship,by air ; by ship/boat/lifeboat,by sea/by water 另外:by means of 用……方法,by way of 经由,取道于,用……方法,with the help (permission)of sb./with sb.’s help (permis-sion)。 ?表方式、手段的其他用法 eg.?He beat the dog with a whip.(with+工具机器) ?One smells with his nose.(with+人体器官,但by hand“手工,用手”) ?He stood up with pride.(with+情绪、情感、态度的名词) 注意:使用语言、材料、文字等用in。如in English(ink,pencil)。 21) 原因介词because of、for、out of: (1)because of表示因为或以…为理由:because of my father (2)for表示动作或活动的目的、目标或意图:for sale (3)out of表示起源、来源或原因:out of duty 22) 易混词组at the end of、by the end of、to the end、in the end: at the end of…既可以表示时间也可以表示地点,译为“在…末;在…尽头”,常与过去时连用; by the end of…只能表示时间,译为“在…前;到…为止”,常用于过去完成时; in the end与at last基本等义,表示“终于、最后”,通常用于过去时; to the end译为“到…的终点为止”,前面往往有表示运动或连续性的动词。 23) 易混词组for a moment、for the moment、in a moment、at the moment: for a moment“一会儿、片刻”(=for a while),常与持续性动词连用; for the moment“暂时、目前”,常用于现在时; in a moment“一会儿、立即、马上”(=soon; in a few minutes),一般用于将来时; at the moment“此刻,眼下”(=now),用于现在进行时。 24) about 用法 (1) 表示“大约”,通常用于数字前。 eg.?It costs about $10. 这需10美元左右。 ?He arrived at about 10 o’clock. 他大约10点钟到达。 17. (2)在动词 know, hear, speak 等之后用不用介词 about, 含义有差别。 试比较:He knows her. 他熟悉她。He knows of her. 他知道有她这样一个人。 He knows about her. 他知道有关她的情况。 (3) be about to (do),意为“即将”、“马上”。注重该短语不与具体的时间状语(如:soon, tomorrow, immediately 等)连用。 eg. We are about to leave for Beijing. 我们正要动身去北京。不说:He is about to leave here tomorrow. 注重: 该短语可与并列连词 when(这时)连用。 eg.I was (just) about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡觉,这时电话铃忽然响了起来。 在美国英语中,be about to do sth 的否定式,可表示“不愿意做某事”。eg. I am not about to admit defeat. 我还不想认输。 (4.)about与on的用法区别:都可以表示“有关…”,但是about的意义比较广,一般用于个人事迹、故事内容等比较小或涉及较浅窄的问 题;而on主要表示政治、理论、国际形式等比较大的或涉及比较深广的问题“有关…(专题/课程)”比较: eg.?It is a book on birds. 那是一本论及鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作) ?It is a book about birds. 那是一本关于鸟的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的关于鸟类的故事书) 25)英汉错相 (1)against的意思是“反对”,for意思是“赞成”它们在汉语中用动词表示,而在英语中用介词表示。 (2)marry意思是结婚,在汉语中说成“和……结婚”,用作不及物动词;而英语中却用作及物动词,之后接宾语;在表达 “get/be+married”(与…结婚)这个意义时介词要用to,不用with. (3)表示“受伤”时,汉语习惯上说“……上伤了”,而英语则用介词”in”表示。(4)表示“某事登在报纸上”汉语习惯说“报上……”,而英语则用介词“in”表示。 (5)表示“为……服务”,汉语用作不及物动词;而英语“serve”用作及物动词,故不能加for.如 为人民服务译为:serve the people.汉语 中说 “有关某事的讨论”,同样英语中用“discuss sth”可不能在discuss之后加about. (6)表示“撞到……上”,英语中用into,不用onto。 (7)表示“和……相同”时,英语不用with而用as;表示“和……不同”时,用from. (8)表示在“在……帮助下”英语用with不用under. 但表示“在……领导下”时,要用under. (9)表示在收音机/电视/电话里时,英语中用on. (10)表示(孔、洞、窗户)在墙上时,英语用in表示,但表示(图画)等在墙上时,用on表示。 26)介词知识拾零: (1) “with + 名词 + 不定式/分词/名词/形容词/介词短语等”可在句中作伴随、时间、原因、条件等状语。 (2) 并列连词or、for、but和从属连词的意义和用法。并列连词or通常表示选择关系;for表示因果关系;but表示转折关系;从属连词since表示原因。 (3) off表示距离时比on远;如:他坐在我右边用on,他在离我不远处用off (4) dream about多表示(睡着时)梦见;dream of多表示梦想。 (5) 表示“离某处远”用(far/far away)from+某处;表示“离某处(近)”用(near)to+某处。注:当away前有数字单位时,不用far. (6)before表示位置时,其反意词是behind;表示时和顺序时其反意词是after. (7) by和near都有“靠近”的意思,但by 比near更近。By还常可表示数量和幅度上的相差或大小。 (8)表示“价格”时,常用at,但表示”具体款项”时用for. (9)词的其他用法: into作“成为……”解,表示转变 如:切割机器把大金属块切割成小金属块。 in表示“穿着、戴着”或“用某种语言/材料”等 eg. ?She was in red. 她穿着红衣服。 ?Can you say it in English? 你会用英语说它吗, with有“和……一起”,“具有”,“用某种工具”等意思 eg. He had no paper with him. 他身上没有带纸。 without表示“没有”,“无”。 eg. You can’t buy anything without money. 没有钱就买不了东西。 on, over, through作"通过"解,表示 “途径” eg. through newspapers/television通过报纸/电视on/over the radio通过收音机/ on TV通过电 视by telegraph通过电报 about(大约),around(大约),over = more than(超过),below = less than(少于,不足)等介词表示“数量”,是“约数”。 eg.?I’ve been here for about two years.我来这里大约两年了。 ?There are around 80 pyramids in Egypt.埃及大约有80座金子塔。 ?He’s been there for over two years.他在那里两年多了。 (10)“向某人借(入)某物”,用borrow sth.from sb;表示“将某物借(出)给某人”,用lend sth.to sb./lend sb .sth.;表示“借(用)……(一 段时间)”时,要用keep,常可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 18. 一、巩固练习: 1. Taiwan is ________ the southeast of China.(in, on, to) 2. Go _________ the bridge _________ the river, you'll find the shop.(across, through; over, above) 3. I go to school __________7:30 every morning.(in, on, at) 4. He would like to meet her __________8:00 and 9:00 tomorrow morning.(between, among ) 5. The Greens have lived in China ________ three years.(in, for, after) 6. We go to school every day ________ Saturday and Sunday.(except, besides) 7. He wrote the letter _________ ink.(by, with ,in) 8. She returned to her country _________five years.(in, after, for) 9. There is a big tree _________ our classroom.(after, behind) 10. I usually go to work _________ bike.(by, on, with) 二、基础练习: 1. Henry, ,,, Mary and Tom, is coming to China for a visit? Which is WRONG? A. together with B. like C. besides D. but in addition to 2. His father will be back from London,,,,a few days. A. since B. in C. on D. after 3. He usually goes to work on time ,,,,,,. A. except for raining days B. besides it rains C. but that it rains D. except on rainy days 4. Did you have trouble ,,,,the post office? A. to have found B. with finding C. to find D. in finding 5. If you keep on, you’ll succeed ,,,,. A. in time B. at one time C. at the same time D. on time 6. The train leaves,,,6:00 pm, so I have to be at the station,,,5:40 pm at the latest? A. at; until B. for; after C. at; by D. before; around 7. ,,,the gate and you’ll find the entrance,,,the park,,,the other side. A. Through; to; on B. Along; of; on C. Down; to; at D. Up; of; by 8. One,,, five will have the chance to join in the game. A. within B. among C. in D. from 9. —Do you go there ,,,bus? —No, we go there ,,,a train. A. in;on B. on;on C. by;in D. by;with 10. I made the coat ,,,my own hands. It was made,,,hand, not with a machine. A. in; in B. in; with C. with; by D. with; with 11. The trees ,,,front of the house are ,,,the charge of Mr. Li. A. in; in B. at; in C. in; by D. from; in 12. The old man died,,,,,cold ,,,,a cold night. A. from; at B. of; in C.of; on D. for; during 13. My uncle lives,,,,116 Changhe Street. His room is ,,,,the sixth floor. A. at; on B. to; at C. on; in D. of; to 14. I don’t think you can work out the maths problem,,,,her help. A. since B. unless C. with D. without 15. He is running_______the wind towards the station_______Tom running ________the right. A. down; and; on B. against; with; on C. for; with; in D. with; while; to 16. In Hangzhou Mr. Black was so struck______the beauty of nature that he stayed______another night. A. at; on B. with;at C. for; in D. by; for 17. ——How long has the bookshop been in business? — _______1987. A. After B. In C. From D. Since 18. We offered him our congratulations,,,,,his passing the college entrance exams. A. at B. on C. for D. of 19. Guangdong lies,,,the south of China and Fujian is,,,the east of it. Hainan is,,the coast of the mainland. A. in; in; on B. in; on; off C. on; to; on D. in; to; away 19. 20. The student, ________whom all the teachers are pleased,is very strict _________himself ________everything. A. to; with; in B. with; with; in C. with; at; with D. at; with; at 21. Some doctors were sent to the front where medical workers were ____________. A. in great need B. in great need of C. needed great D. needed in 22. ,,,,,hearing the good news, they jumped with joy. A. For B. To C. On D. At 23. She is well-known________her poems and she is also famous _________an actress. A. for; for B. as; for C. for; as D. by; for 24. He climbed silently________seizing the thief_________. with the purpose of; by surprise D. A. in the purpose; by surprise B. with purpose of; surprisingly C. with purpose of; surprisedly 25. The touch they had both kept in ________many years broke. A. for B. on C. into D. with 26. The pianist began to play and the girl in red began to sing__________the music. A. with B. along C. through D. to 27. He divided the sweets________the children who were divided _________three groups. A. in; in B. into; into C. between; in D. among; into 28. Early________the morning of May 1, we started off________the mountain village. A. in; for B. in; to C. on; , D. on; for 29. Ted has been absent,,,,,class for quite some time. A. for B. with C. of D. from 30. The railway was opened,,,traffic,,,April 4, 1985. A. to; on B. to; in C. by; on D. for; on 三、提高练习, 1. The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for Expo 2010 is strongly impressed _______my memory. A. to B. over C. by D. on 2. The trees in that thick forest are so close together that there is hardly any room to move ______ them. A. between B. in C. among D. across 3. So far, several ships have been reported missing _________the coast of Bermuda Island. A. off B. along C. on D. around 4. It was easier to move about ________the fringe of the crowd. A. at B. in C. on D. to 5. For miles around me there is nothing but a desert, without a single plant of tree __________. A. in sight B. on the earth C. at a distance D. in a place 6. I wanted two seats ______ Madame Gurie for Friday night, so I rang the cinema to see if I could book two tickets. A. of B. about C. to D. for 7. ---Has the train arrived? ---No, it all will be late ______ half an hour. A. at B. for C. in D. by 8. I like traveling by sea ______ it is not rough. A. unless B. in case C. as long as D. although 9. ---Poor Tom! He will have to work all the next month. ---Luckily, _______ the basketball games are held. A. except B. except that C. except when D. except for 10. ______ sick or well, my grandfather is always cheerful. A. Either B. No matter C. Even if D. whether 11. The oil must be used up, _______ the light went out. A. for B. because C. since D. as 12. The two countries were ______ between 1989 and 1992. A. peace B. at no war C.at peace D. at peaceful 13. The bridge is 1000 meters _______ length. A. with B. in C. at D. on 14. Look out _______ the traffic when crossing the road. A. at B. of C. for D. with 15. We often call Martin Luther King M.L.King _______. A.in short B. for short C.at short D. to short 16. ______ the end of last term, every student in the school, I think, has taken at least five maths tests. A. By B. Since C. From D. In 17. ---How can I get to the island you mentioned? ---You can’t get there _________by swimming. 20. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than 18. ---I find reading comprehension the hardest in learning a foreign language. ---Well, ______ you’d better practise reading short passage every day. A. so that B. now that C. for that D. with that 19. ---Do you like coffee or milk?---Both. But I prefer coffee ______ milk. A. to B. for C. with D. from 20. Spider was up and standing at the door, with every hair of her body _________. A. stood up B. on its end C. on end D. on the end 21. (名校联考二) This crop does not do well in soils ________ the one for which it has been specially developed. A. outside B. other than C. beyond D. rather than 22. (名校联考八) I went to bed very late that night, ______, early the next morning. A. at least B. in a word C. or rather D. at most 23. We drove ____ the direction of Hangzhou ____ a high speed. A. to; at B. in; by C. in; at D. to; with 24. The train was ten minutes ________time. They were surely to catch it. A. after B. behind C. ahead of D. in 25. Books are the most important records we keep __________man’s thoughts, ideas and feelings. A. up B. of C. for D. on 26. (重庆诊断) People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this __________ creates more problem. A. after all B. once again C. in case D. in turn 27. (四校联考) Don’t all stand up at one time! ___________, please. A. Each at one time B. One by one time C. One at a time D. One for each time 28. (江苏调研) The idea of fighting a noise _________ making more noises sounds strange, but that’s ________ what we are doing now. A. with; just B. through; very C. by; exactly D. for; indeed 29. I’ve given you my advice, whether or not you act on it is __________to you. A. up B. from C. on D. for 30. We took it ________ granted that he would join us. A. as B. for C. in D. to 31. (朝阳综合一) It isn’t so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works _______. A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all 32. (西城5月) The trees in that thick forest are so close together that there is hardly any room to move _________ them. A. between B. in C. among D. across 33.—When did it begin to snow? —It started _______ the night. A. during B. by C. from D. at 34. It will cost a lot of time, ____, I think we shall need it and it will certainly be useful to us ________. A. As a result; now and then B. At the same time; more or less C. After all; here and there D. What’s more; sooner or later 35. (朝阳4月) They were hunting for a person ______ him ______ a stepping stone. A. like; as B. like; like C. as; like D. as; as 36.(宣武4月He will pass two milestones ______, that is, he will receive his master’s degree and find a challenging job. A. long ago B. for long C. before long D. long before 37.—You should have prepared your speech for the meeting, Mr. Smith.—Yes, I know. But how could I _______ the meeting date fixed so soon. A. while B. as C. after D. with 38. He ________ a sum of money every week for his old age. A. sets up B. sets in C. sets along D. sets aside 39. It was just the set of combs that Della had longed ________. A. to B. on C. after D. for 40. The meeting lasted till late _________. A. into night B. at night C. into the night D. at the night 41. She expressed her satisfaction __________ his answer. A. at B. to C. with D. from 42. ________ reaching the village, we were warmly welcomed by the villagers. A. At B. In C. On D. Of A. on B. in C. on the D. in his 43. Anyone with eyes ________head can see that he is more like his father than his mother. 44. (海淀 33) _________ every mistake you make, you’ll lose half a mark. A. For B. At C. To D. By 45. (启东二试) —You don’t seem to be quite yourself today, Jim? —I’m suffering from a cold. Nothing serious, _________. 21. A. yet B. indeed C. though D. anyway 46. What can this piece of wood be made ________? A. of B. from C. out of it D. into 47. She’s such a quarrelsome woman. I don’t know how you can _________her. A. put up B. put up with C. stand up with D. stand with 48. (济宁模拟) Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space ______ which matter has fallen and ______ which nothing can escape. A. into; from B. towards; towards C. out of; from D. through; through 49. After the Civil War, slavery was done away _______. A. at B. in C. with D. for 50. All at once the lady ran out ________ tears. No one knew why. A. with B. to C. in D. into 51. (天津联考24) His car broke _________ on the way, so he had to repair it. A. into B. out C. up D. down 52. (孝感22) American is _____ communication _______Korea _____ the nuclear problem. A. in; with; on B. in; with; for C. on; with; on D. on; with; for 53. Besides being able to work for three days without drinking, camels can also live for a long time _______ small quantities of food. A. which B. on C. by D. to 54. Doctor Bethune showed great concern ________ the wounded soldiers. A. for B. at C. in D. to A. On B. By C. At D. Of 55. _______one time, Manchester was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world. A. to B. in C. of D.from 56. The little that I have seen ____ his work is satisfactory. 57. (太原测评) —What do you think of what he did in class? —What he did was ________ my imagination. A. through B. above C. beyond D. over B . to for C. for to D. for for 58. (全国领航 ) Who is it up _____ decide whether to go or not ? A. to to A. me for B. me of C. I by D. I for 59. (黄石一测) —Is she older than you? —Yes, she is older than ______ two years. C. besides D. but 60. (黄石一测 26) Don’t do that ________ lie down. A. but to B. except to 61. We offered him our congratulations _______ his passing the college entrance exams. A. at B. on C. for D. of 62. There is no greater love than ________ who devotes his whole life _______ mankind. A. that of a man; to benefiting B. a man; to benefiting C. that of a man’s; benefits D. a man’s love; in benefiting C. for fear of D. in search of 63. He got to the station early, _________ missing his train. A. in case of B. instead of 64. It’s really hot _________ January in Harbin now. Better take off your coat. A. in B. during C. for D. to 65.—They all agree ____ George. Has the project been passed? —Who _______ George can make the final decision? A. except; except B. except; besides C. but; but D. besides; but 66. Britain has recently had a high level of unemployment—but the same is true _______ many other countries. A. at B. from C. of D. to 67. Mr. Black was driving fast to take his wife to a nearby hospital because their baby was ________. A. on its way B. in the way C. by the way D. out of the way 68. The study you have been making _________ the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job. A. to B. for C. of D. from 69. The pretty girl is known _______ the public _______ a little film star _______ her excellent performance in a film. A. in; as; with B. to; as; for C. among; with; in D. by; for; because of 70. Such a problem is,,,,difficult for a primary school student ,,,. A. so; to work B. very too; to work out C. rather too; to work out D. quite too; to answer 71. By the time the fire-fighters arrived, the fire had been put,,,by the teachers and the students. A. down B. away C. out D. off 72. David jumped,,,to get the first,,,the beginning of the sports. A. enough high; in B. enough highly; in C. high enough; at D. highly enough; at A. just B. just now C. just then D. justly 73. I was wondering what to do and,,,,,,Mr. Wang came in. 74. —— Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station? —— The station? Take the second turning,,,,,and,,,,,,. 22. A. to left; then go straight on B. to the left; then go straight on D. to the left; then go right forward C. to left; then go right forward A. more B. too C. much D. far 75. The boy was,,,,,,eager to get a geography book. A. hardly B. rather C. so D. really 76. We often say that something is “as light as air”, but air is,_____light. A. Very B. Much C. Great D. A lot 77. ,,,to my regret, I am unable to accept your warm invitation. A. in B. on C. in on D. in at 78. Please drop ,,,,,,,my home when you are free. A. book it down B. book it in C. book it up D. book it out 79. Are you paying now, or shall I ,,,,, to you? C. How far D. How much farther A. How farther B. How long 80. —— ,,,,,shall we have to go? —— Another five miles. 81. I want to ring him,,,to know the reason why he rang,,,while I was speaking yesterday. A. up; off B. back; up C. up; down D. on; off C. but D. nevertheless 82. There was no news; ,,,,, she did not give up hope. A. moreover B. therefore 83. The guide told us that he would organize some business men abroad,,,next week. A. some time B. sometime C. some times D. sometimes 84. I’ve got ,,,,,,work to do on a ,,,,,,,, cold day. A. much too; much too B. too much; too much C. too much; much too D. much too; too much 85. —— Is the bus stop far from here? —— It’s a quarter’s walk, ,,,,,. A. more and more B. and so on C. all together D. more or less A. very B. too C. so D. only 86. When you drive home, you can’t be,,,,,careful. A. most B. a most C. the most D. much 87. Qingdao is ,,,,,beautiful city in summer. 88. —— How did you find your visit to the museum? —— I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was,,,,interesting than I had expected. A. far more B. even much C. so more D. a lot much A. open wide B. open widely C. wide open D. opened wide 89. He’d like to sleep with the window ,,,, at night. 90. She smiled to the people around but,,,looked straight ahead, getting hold of her son’s hand. A. most B. almost C. mostly D. nearly C. however D. whatever 91. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ,,,great it is. A. what B. how C. strongly D. heavily 92. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ,,__,. A. badly B. hardly 93. —— Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown’s office? —— I’m sorry, but Mr. Brown,,,works here.He left about three weeks ago. A. not now B. no more C. not still D. no longer A. often B. soon C. long D. rapid 94. —— How ,,,,,can you finish the drawing? —— In a week. 95. Our hall is ,,,,theirs. A. twice so large as B. twice as large as C. as twice large as D. so twice large as A. safe B. safely C. safety D. save 96. The plane got back to the airport and landed,,,,at last. B. so touching C. a so touching D. so touching 97. I’ve never seen ,,,,,film as this. A. so a touching a A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 98. Shall we meet at 5:00? Let’s make it ,,,,,,earlier? A. terrible B. very terrible C. terribly D. too terrible 99. Wei Hua told me that Wu Dong was,,,,,,,ill. B. When C. As D.While 100.__________ life pace continues to speed up, we are quickly losing the art of enjoyment.A. With 四、高考英语语法专题训练——介词: 1. (00全国 18) _____ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through 2. (02上海) Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain ________an inch. A. by B. at C. to D. from 3. (02上海春招) Marie Curie took little notice _____ the honours that were given to her in her later years. A. of B. on C. about D. from 4. (02北京) —What do you want ______ those old boxes, —To put things in when I move to the new flat. 23. A. by B. for C. of D. with 5. (02 北京春) —You are so lucky. —What do you mean ____ that? A. for B. in C. of D. by 6. (03北京) They had a pleasant chat _______ a cup of coffee. A. for B. with C. during D. over 7. (04 全国IV) There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _______ five are mine. A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which 8. (04北京春招) In order to change attitudes _________employing women, the government is brining in new laws. A. about B. of C. towards D. on 9. (04全国 23) The English play _____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 10. (04湖南 32) You can’t wear a blue jacket ______ that shirt. It’ll look terrible. A. on B. above C. up D. over ※11. (04福建 26) I’d like to buy a house----modern, comfortable, and ________in a quiet neighborhood. A. in all B. above all C. after all D. at all 12. (04福建 30) It was a pity that the great writer died__________his works unfinished. A. for B. with C. from D. of 13. (04浙江 21)The winter of 1990 was extremely bad. __________, most people say it was the worst winter of their lives. A. At last B. In fact C. In a word D. As a result 14. (04浙江 28)----Brad was Jane’s brother! ----__________he reminded me so much of Jane! A. No doubt B. Above all C. No wonder D. Of course 15. (04广东 22) I feel that one of my main duties________a teacher is to help the students to become better learners. A. for B. by C. as D. with 16. (04宁夏, 全国IV 32) People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. ________, she is a great musician. A. After all B. As a result C. In other words D. As usual A. for B. by C. from D. t0 17. (05全国I,22) No one helped me, I did it all_________myself. A. later B. after C. so D.about 18.(05全国I,29) My parents will move back into town in a year or_________. 19.(05福建,30) The classroom is big enough_________, but we’ll have to move if we have more students. A. for the moment B. on the moment C. in a moment D. for a moment 20. (05 湖北 24) To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ________ into parts. A. down B. up C. off D. out 21. (05 湖南 25) He suddenly saw Sue _______the room. He pushed his way ________the crowd of people to get to her. A. across; across B. over; through C. over; into D. across; through 22. (05 上海 25) John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School ________the beginning of March. A. on B. for C. with D. at 23. (05 江西 29) ________and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life. A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure C. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure 24. (05 北京春) The Internet has brought ______big changes in the way we work. A. about B. out C. back D. up 25. (05 重庆30) —You know, Bob is a little slow ____ understanding, so… —So I have to be patient ____ him. A. in; with B. on; with C. in; to D. at; for C. for D.by 26. (05 宁夏、海南,全国III, 10) We hadn’t planned to meet. We met__________chance. A. of B.in 27.(06浙江,II) I would like a job which pays more, but _________I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment. A.in other words B. on the other hand C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact C. against D. beyond 28.(06,安徽, 26) It’s quite__________me why such things have been allowed to happen. A. for B. behind B. at C. beyond D.before 27. (06,福建,23) Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s the visiting hours. A. during 28. (06,辽宁,28) People have always been curious ________how living things on the earth exactly began. A. in B. at C. of D. about 24. 29. (06, 山东,35) A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which __________will promote its enconomic development. A.in nature B.in return C. in turn D. in fact 30. (06,江苏, 24 ) This new model of car is so expensive that it is________the reach of those with average incomes. A. over B. within C. beyond D. below C. about D. with 31.(07, 全国I,23) The manager suggested an earlier date________the meeting. A. on B. for A. for B. about C. from D.to 32. (07, 北京, 21) This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school________girls of your age. A. In place of B. Instead of C. In case of D. In spite of 33. (07, 天津, 3) ___________fire, all exits must be kept clear. 34. (07, 湖北, 26) People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this _________creates further problems. A. in short B. in case C. in doubt D. in turn 35. (07, 湖南, 22) _________the silence of the pause, we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost hear our won heartbeats. A. In B. For C. Under D. Between 36. (07, 浙江, 19) The open-air celebration has been put off __________the bad weather. A. in case of B. in spite of C. instead of D. because of 37. (07, 江西, 23) Scientists are convinced __________the positive effect of laughter __________physical and mental health. A. of; at B. by; in C. of; on D. on; at 38. (07, 江西, 33)Experts have been warning ___________of the health risks caused by passive smoking. A. at a time B. at one time C. for some time D. for the time B. on C. for D. in 39. (07,福建, 32) Although________my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own. A. against B. among C. over D.during 40. (07,四川, 25) Some studnets often listen to music _______classes to refresh themselves. A. between ----I agree with you___________. 41. A. 42.D. 43.A 44. 41. (07,陕西, 13)----I think he is taking an active part in social work. A. in a way B. on the way C. by the way D. in the way A. on B.from C. by D. in 42. (07,上海, 25) Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly __________size and shape. 43. (07,山东, 28)I have offered to paint the house ___________a week’s accommodation. A. in exchange for B. with regard to C. by means of D. in place of 44. (08, 全国I,24) Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing_________a stepping-stone to future success. A. to B.for C. as D.by 45. (08, 全国II,15) Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like __________working here. A. with B. over C. at D. about A. for B. by C.across D. out 46. (08, 北京,33) If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave________the back door. 47. (08, 天津,10) Many Chinese universities provide scholarship for students____________financial aid. A. in favour of B. in honour of C. in face of D. in need of 48. (08, 湖北,30) When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have ____________for her A. in need B. in time C. in preparation D. in store 49. (08, 湖南,27) ----When did you last hear _______Jay? ---He phoned me this morning, and we agreed__________a time and place to meet. A. of; to B. about; with C. from; with D. from; on 50. (08, 江西,22) My English teacher’s humor was _________make every student burst into laughter. A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D.so that A. away B.up C. in D. back 51. (08, 江西,29) If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him_____during the day. B. on C. to D. of 52. (08, 辽宁,33) I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and_________the point. A. at A. under B. with C. on D. by 53. (08, 福建,23) A great man shows his greatness_________the way he treats little men. A. on B. off C. into D. to 54. (08, 安徽,23) Fred entered without knocking and very out of breath, sank__________a chair. A. at B. beyond C. within D. upon 55. (08, 陕西,19) Elizabeth has already achieved successs__________her wildnest dreams. 56. (08, 山东,32) I began to feel ___________in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. A. at home B. at heart C. at will D. at sight 57. (08, 江苏,28)----Why do you suggest we buy a new machine? ----Because the old one has been damaged___________. 25. A. beyond reach B. beyond repair C. beyond control D. beyond description. 58. (08, 福建,34) You have no idea how she finished the relay race____________her foot wounded so much. A. for B. when C. with D.while 59. (08, 天津,15) At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was___________. A. out of sight B. out of reach C. out of order D. out of place 60. (08, 上海,25) The two sports men congratulated to each other__________winning the match by shaking hands. A. with B. on C. in D. to 61. (08, 浙江,17) Everything was perfect for the picnic ____________the weather. A. in place of B. as well as C. except for D. in case of 62. (08, 浙江,19) Why are you so anxious? It isn’t your problem____________. A. on purpose B. in all C. on time D. after all. 63. (09,全国II,13) Jenny nearly missed the flight _________doing too much shopping. A. as a result of B. on top of C. in front of D. in need of 64. (09,全国I, 34) Everyone was touched __________words after they heard her moving story. A. beyond B. without C. of D. in 65. (09,北京,29)The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, ____________little foreign ownership. A. by B. of C. with D. from 66. (09,天津,10) The art show was_________being a failure; it was a great success. A.far from B. along with C.next to D. regardless of 67.(09, 湖北, 29) You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request____________a question. A. in search of B. in the form of C. in need of D. in the direction of 68.(09, 湖北, 30) His efforts to raise money for his program were _________because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. A. in place B. in sight C. in effect D. in vain 69.(09, 湖南, 22) Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems_________themselves, and solve their problems__________themselves. A. to; by B. by; to C. for ; to D. in; on 70. (09, 江西, 26) The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which 71. (09, 福建, 23) ----How amazing it is that astonauts are exploring outer space ! ---- It’s a challenge, I guess, _________man against nature. A. of B. for C. by D. about A. on B. by C. in D. for 72. (09, 重庆, 21) Try on this red skirt; you will look great __________it. A. of B. for C. in D. at 73. (09, 辽宁, 32) Children need friends____________their own age to play with. 74. (09, 浙江, 18)_________, the pay isn’t attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting. A. Generally speaking B. On the contrary C. In particular D. To be honest A. below B. above C. in D. on 75. (09, 四川, 6) A great person is always putting others’ interests___________his own. 76. (09, 江苏, 30) This special school accepts all disabled students, ______________educational level and background. A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of 77. (09, 山东, 33) It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot___________easy reach. A. near B. upon C. within D. around C. in D. by 78. (09, 陕西, 8) He invited me to a dance after the show ___________Christmas Eve. A. at B. on 79. (09, 上海, 25) Four Chinese models were __________the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the world Supermodel Competition. A. among B. between C. along D. beside 80.(2010,北京, 29) Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are __________everyone’s enjoyment. A. in B. at C. for D. to 81.(2010,天津, 13) My father warned me_____________going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. A.by B. on C. for D. against 82.(2010,湖北, 30) It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money__________favors to them. 26. A. in preference to B. in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for 83. (2010,江西, 29) We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and __________dogs give us their all. A.an all B. in fact C. in short D. in return 84. (2010,福建, 27) More and more high-rise buidlings have been built in big cities __________space. A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of B. in C.on D.to 85. (2010,辽宁, 31) I agree to this suggestion_____________the condition that he drops all charges. A. by C. beside D. against 86. (2010,四川, 5) Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back___________a big tree. A. in B. below 87. (2010,江苏, 29) So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is___________ideal. We have to work still harder. A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to B. for C. in D. with 88. (2010,重庆, 22) The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money _____________me. A. by 89. (2010,浙江, 7) I guess we’ve already talked about this before, but I’ll ask you again just_________. A. by nature B. in return C. in case D. by chance 90. (2010,上海, 25) Sean has formed the habit of jogging _____________the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day. A. between B. along C. below D. with 91. (皖南八校2011届高三摸底联考) Success in life doesn’t happen . It’s the result of devoting your time and energy to what you’ve set out to do. A(in case B(by chance C(in return D(by nature 92. (山东省泰安市2010届高三第一轮复习质量检测英语) Once made out, the plan must be carried out ___________ any difficulty. A. regardless of B. instead of C. because of D. in need of A. of B. for C. by D. about 93. (2010届 湖南省衡阳市高三两校联考英语) ----How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! ----It’s a challenge, I guess, ________man against nature. 94. (江苏省镇江市2010届高三第一次调研测试英语试题) A Chinese medical team rushed to the scene of the earthquake in Haiti where hospitals were ________ doctors and nurses. A. in face of B. in terms of C. in want of D. in hope of 95.(黄冈中学2010届高考模拟试卷{三}) To her, it is a wonderful place because you never know what it may have__________. A(in common B(in store C(in sight D(in turn 96. (黄冈中学2010届高考模拟试卷{四}) Last week he was caught stealing in the supermarket,_________ his age,the police have decided not to charge him. A(in spite of B(in view of C(in exchange of D(in case of 97. (黄冈中学2010届高考模拟试卷{五}) Eventually,the President had to leave office ___________ public pressure in order to ease the tension of the situation. A(in favor of B(in response to C(in return for D(in honor of 98. (2010年石家庄市高三总复习英语质量检测) Our English teacher is our favorite. She's kind and humorous, but__________, she is strict with us. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. after all D. in all 99. (浙江省杭州市西湖高级中学2011届高三10月月考英语试题) The teacher said there were twelve ______ who had failed in the exam. A . at all B. in all C. all in D. all in all 100. (福建省漳州三中2011届高三第二次月考) It is required that the football match________put off ____________ the bad weather( A. be; thanks to B. be; due to C. was; thanks to D. was; owing to 101. (辽宁省本溪县高级中学 2010—2011学年度(上)高三10月月考) Our football team led ___________ one point, but towards the end of the game, their team scored and the game ended ______ a tie( A(by; in B(for; by C(with; with D(by; with 27. 102.(长葛市第三实验高中2009—2010学年第七次考试高三英语试卷) The man was hit the head a stone while traveling in the mountain. A. on: with B. in; by C. on; by D. in; with 103. (赤峰箭桥中学2011届高三 年级 六年级体育公开课教案九年级家长会课件PPT下载六年级家长会PPT课件一年级上册汉语拼音练习题六年级上册道德与法治课件 月考英语试题) The fridge produced by Haier is_________high quality and is not expensive either. A(in B(for C(to D(of 104. (郑州盛同学校2011届高三年级月考) Many people believe that poverty is only a problem in rural areas. ___________, it is also a problem in some urban areas( A(As a result B(Furthermore C(In the end D(As a matter of fact 105.(山西省孝义三中 2010—2011学年度高三复习班第一次月考) Today~ rapid transportation and communication, the whole world seems to be smaller( A(regardless of B(in spite of C(instead of D(because of 106(河南固始高中2010—2011学年高三第一次月考) The boy talked his mother ___________ buying him a home computer( A(of B(over C(to D(into 107.(2011高三第二次月考英语试题) The farmers have decided to grow the crops __________ next year, hoping that this will bring in lots of money. A. to a great degree B. on a large scale C. in the long term D. on large scale 108. (10月月考英语试卷) 山东省和兴中学2011届高一年级 ---This year, the production of Toyota rose from 80,000 to 100,000. ---Oh, it has risen _______ 25%. A(by B(to C(in D(with 109. (2010,2011学年抚顺市六校联合体高三“一模”考试试题) _________ the problem of land erosion getting more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it. A(As B(With C(When D(Because 110.( 哈尔滨市第六中学2010-2011学年度下学期期中考试) The job is not very profitable ____________cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it. A. in terms of B. because of C. in favor of D. by way of 111.( 广西桂林中学2010年11月高三月考) ___________, the northerners like noodles while the southerners are fond of rice in China. A(In common B(In general C(In total D(In return 112.( 湖南浏阳一中2011届高三上学期第四次月考) If you plan your menus a week or a month _______ advance, you will be able to take advantage _______ sales and bulk buying opportunities. A. in; for B. at; of C. at; for D. in; of 113. (甘肃省武威五中2011届高三上学期期中考试英语) ___________his carelessness, sometimes, he is a good student. B. Except C. Except for D. But A(Besides 114.( 河南省信阳市2010—2011学年度高中毕业班第一次调研考试) The parents rushed to the hospital _______ they heard that their son was injured. A(at the moment B(for the moment C(the moment D(in the moment 115.( 山西大学附中高三年级2010-2011学年度第一学期期中考试) ________ their son away to college, the old couple got more room in the house(A(As B(For C(Through D(With 116. (浙江省台州中学2011届高三上学期期中考试 英语) Which sport has the most expenses __________ training equipment, players’ personal equipment and uniforms? A. in terms of B. in place of C. by way of D. by means of 117.(重庆市杨家坪中学2011届高三11月月考英语试题) My mother was over the age limit and ________, her application for the job was rejected. A. as a result B. in conclusion C. worse still D. what’s more 118. (广东省执信中学2011届高三上学期期中考试) None of us had expected the middle-aged engineer died __________ his design uncompleted. A. from B. without C. with D. of 28. Grammar---Preposition 1.He decided to visit the family __________Friday night. (MET87) A.at B.in C.on D.over 2.__________danger man is often much wiser than usual. A.in a time of B.In the times of C.In the time of D.In time of 3.Does John know any other foreign language _________French. (MET 89) A.except B.but C.besides D.beside 4.The doctor will be free___________. (MET92) A.10 minutes later B.after 10 minutes C.in 10 minutes D.10 minutes after 5.Did you have trouble __________the post office? (NMET 92) A.to have found B.with finding C.to find D.in finding 6.If you keep on, you will succeed______________.(NMET 93) A.in time B.at one time C.at the same time D.on time 7.We offered him our congratulations ________his passing the college entrance exams. (MET 93) A.at B.on C.for D.of 8.---How long has this bookshop been in business? ---_________ 1982. (NMET 94) A.After B.In C.From D.Since 9.The train leaves at 6:00 pm. So I have to be at the station_________5:40 pm at the latest. (NMET 97) A.until B.after C.by D.around 10.For miles around me there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant ot tree__________(97,上海) A.in sight B.on earth C.at a distance D.in place 11.I wanted two seats ________Madame Curie for Friday night, so I rang the cinema to see if I could book two tickets. (98, 上海) A.of B.about C.to D.for 一、巩固练习答案: 1.in 2.across, over 3.at, 4.between 5.for 6.except 7.in 8.after 9.behind 10.by 二、基础练习答案及简析: 1.D。“名词,介词短语”作主语时,谓语动词要与前面的名词保持一致。D项表达错误。 2.B。表示“从现在起多长时间之后”用in。 3.D。except后接动词不定式可与but连用,但except后还可接that, when, where等从句或介词短语, 在表示对细节加以纠正之意时用except for。 4.D。have trouble,difficulty in doing sth.,with sth.是一个习惯用法,表示“做某事吃力、费劲”。 5.A。in time除平时熟悉的“及时”之意外,还有“迟早”的意思,相当于sooner or later。6.C。具体时间 即点时间前常用介词at, 表示“到……为止”用by。 7.A。through指“从某事物的内部空间穿过”;entrance后习惯接to;表示“在……边”用on。 8.C。“one in five”指“五人中有一个”,即“one out of five”。 9.C。“乘坐交通工具”时,用by,抽象名词(无冠词的名词)或用in,on加冠词再加交通工具。 10.C。“由手工制作”用固定词组with one’s hands或by hand。 11.A。in front of表示“在……前面”;in the charge of表示“在……掌管,控制下”。 12.C。die of用于疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷等原因造成的死亡,die from指除了疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷 以外的原因造成的死亡,on a cold night为特定时间。 13.A。在相对小的地点或门牌前用at;房间“在第几层”用“on... floor”。 14.D。“在……帮助下”用with,“没有……帮助”用without。 15.B。“逆,顶风而跑”用against;“with ,宾,宾补”表示伴随;表示“在左,右边”用on。16.D。“be struck by”意为“被……迷住,打动”,stay for the night表示“留下来过夜”。 17.D。since常与现在完成时连用。 18.B。offer sb. congratulations on sth. or doing sth.,congratulate sb. on sth. or doing sth. 19.B。in the south表示在“一个范围之内的南部”,on the east表示“在东边接壤”,off the coast表示“离开海岸”。 20.B。表示“对……感到满意”,用be pleased with。此句为定语从句; 主句中用了be strict with sb. in sth.句型。 21.A。如果选C,great应改为greatly。 22.C。on (one’s) doing意为“当……时”,相当于when引导的时间状语从句。如:On (my) asking for information, I heard a loud noise outside. 23.C。be well-known,famous for 意为“因……而著名”,be well-known,famous as意为“作为……而著名”。 24.D。with the purpose of是一个固定词组,意为“怀着……意图”;by surprise相当于suddenly。 25.A。keep in touch为固定短语,for...表示一段时间。 26.D。sing to the music意为“伴随着音乐而唱”。 27.D。介词between指“两者之间”;among用于“三者或三者以上之间”。根据定语从句可知children应是三者以上。 28.D。表示在“某一天的早晨”常说“on the morning of...”;后面用for表示去的目的地。29.D。be absent from是一个固定短语,意思是“缺席”。 30.A。be opened to traffic的意思是“通车”;在具体的某一天之前通常用on。 提高练习,:1---5 DBACA 6---10 DDCCD 11---15 ACBCB 16---20 BACCC 21-----25. 【B】【C】【C】【B】【B】 26.-----30. 【D】【C】【C】【A】【B】 31.----35.【C】【B】【A】【B】【C】 36-----40.【D】【D】【D】【A】【C】 41.-----45.【C】【D】【A】【A】【C】 46.----- 50.【D】【B】【A】【C】【C】 51.-----55.【D】【A】【B】【A】【C】 56.----60.【C】【C】【A】【C】【D】 61.-----65.【B】【A】【C】【C】【C】 66.-----69.【C】【A】【C】【B】 参考答案及解析 1.D。“名词,介词短语”作主语时,谓语动词要与前面的名词保持一致。D项表达错误。 2.B。表示“从现在起多长时间之后”用in。 3.D。except后接动词不定式可与but连用,但except后还可接that, when, where等从句或介词短语,在表示对细节加以纠正之意时用except for。 4.D。have trouble,difficulty in doing sth.,with sth.是一个习惯用法,表示“做某事吃力、费劲”。 5.A。in time除平时熟悉的“及时”之意外,还有“迟早”的意思,相当于sooner or later。6.C。具体时间即点时间前常用介词at, 表示“到……为止”用by。 7.A。through指“从某事物的内部空间穿过”;entrance后习惯接to;表示“在……边”用on。8.C。“one in five”指“五人中有一个”,即“one out of five”。 9.C。“乘坐交通工具”时,用by,抽象名词(无冠词的名词)或用in,on加冠词再加交通工具。 10.C。“由手工制作”用固定词组with one’s hands或by hand。 11.A。in front of表示“在……前面”;in the charge of表示“在……掌管,控制下”。12.C。die of用于疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷等原因造成的死亡,die from指除了疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷以外的原因造成的死亡,on a cold night为特定时间。 13.A。在相对小的地点或门牌前用at;房间“在第几层”用“on... floor”。 14.D。“在……帮助下”用with,“没有……帮助”用without。 15.B。“逆,顶风而跑”用against;“with ,宾,宾补”表示伴随;表示“在左,右边”用on。16.D。“be struck by”意为“被……迷住,打动”,stay for the night表示“留下来过夜”。17.D。since常与现在完成时连用。 18.B。offer sb. congratulations on sth. or doing sth.,congratulate sb. on sth. or doing sth. 19.B。in the south表示在“一个范围之内的南部”,on the east表示“在东边接壤”,off the coast表示“离开海岸”。 20.B。表示“对……感到满意”,用be pleased with。此句为定语从句; 主句中用了be strict with sb. in sth.句型。 21.A。如果选C,great应改为greatly。 22.C。on (one’s) doing意为“当……时”,相当于when引导的时间状语从句。如:On (my) asking for information, I heard a loud noise outside. 23.C。be well-known,famous for 意为“因……而著名”,be well-known,famous as意为“作为……而著名”。 24.D。with the purpose of是一个固定词组,意为“怀着……意图”;by surprise相当于suddenly。 25.A。keep in touch为固定短语,for...表示一段时间。 26.D。sing to the music意为“伴随着音乐而唱”。 27.D。介词between指“两者之间”;among用于“三者或三者以上之间”。根据定语从句可知children应是三者以上。 28.D。表示在“某一天的早晨”常说“on the morning of...”;后面用for表示去的目的地。29.D。be absent from是一个固定短语,意思是“缺席”。 30.A。be opened to traffic的意思是“通车”;在具体的某一天之前通常用on。 31.C。这是一个too... to... 的句型,首先排除A。very不能修饰too, 而rather可以。其次,work out常与problem搭配,而answer多与question搭配。 32.C。put out意为“扑灭(火)”。 33.C。首先确定enough所修饰的词是副词、形容词、还是名词。由整个短语修饰动词jumped可断定enough修饰的是副词,enough应位于该副词之后,可以排除A、B两项。 34.C。just, just now和just then都可以作副词表示时间。just用于现在完成时,意思是“刚才”;just now与过去时连用当“刚才”讲,与现在时连用,表示加重语气的“现在”,等于at this very moment; just then等于at that moment,意为“在那个时候”; justly意为“公正地;正当地”。 35.B。方位名词前如果有介词,要在名词前加the;后面的副词on表示“继续”。 36.B。too... to... 句型中如果too修饰eager, ready, glad, willing等时,这种句型译作“非常想干某事”,不能说very eager to get a geography book。 37.A。根据下文的转折连词but可判断出应填hardly。 38.B。much或者greatly to on e’s regret意为“使某人感到非常遗憾的是”。不能用very。39.D。drop in , pay a casual visit 意为“顺便访问”,其中的in是一个副词,跟宾语时,需要加介词on焥b.牷蛘遖t焥ome place牎 40.A。book down , put down in a book,意为“记账”;book in的意思为“签到,登记”;book up意为“预定座位或车、船票”等。 41.D。提问有多远,应该用How far 但是这里的答句是another five miles 提问的应该是再走多远,因此用How much farther。 42.A。ring sb. up意为“给某人打电话”;ring off的意思是“挂断电话”。 43.D。本题选择副词nevertheless,意为“不过”。 44.B。some time意为“一段时间”;sometime指“某个不确定的时间”,如:sometime today sometime yesterday sometime tomorrow some times意为“几倍、次牎保籹ometimes意为“有时”。 45.C。too much可以单独使用,也可以修饰不可数名词,而much too修饰形容词或者副词。46.D。A 项意 为“越来越多”;B项为“等等”;C项为“一起”。只有D项符合题意,意思为“大约”。 47.B。“can餿... too... ,形容词(副词)”或者“can餿... ,形(副),enough”是一个习惯用法,意思为“无 论……都不为过”。 48.B。此题无比较范围、对象,C项不对。most表示“十分、很、非常”。 49.A。形容词的比较级常用much a little far a lot a bit a great deal even等词修饰。 50.C。widely意为“广泛地”,表示抽象概念;而wide在这里作副词表示具体概念,意为“大大地”。 51.C。most意为“最多地”;mostly意为“主要地,大部分地”;almost和nearly意为“几乎,差不多”。从题干 分析来看,只有C符合题意。 52.C。however是一个连接副词,修饰形容词great并引导一个让步状语从句,意为“无论困难有多大”。 53.D。“下大雨”应该说“rain hard,heavily”。 54.D。no longer强调时间;no more强调数量和次数。 55.B。How soon的答语用in,一段时间,且全句的意思是:“在多长时间之内(或之后)你能画完,”How long 的答语用(for),一段时间。 56.B。表示“是……的几倍”常用twice,three times as... as... 的结构。 57.B。根据 句意分析此处应该是一个副词,所以选B。 58.D。句中应该是一个常用结构 so ,形容词,a,an,名词(单数可数名词)。 59.B。根据句意“早一点儿”,应该用a little;few,a few常用来修饰可数名词。 60.C。根据句意“吴东病得厉害”,句中此处应该是一个副词,只有C是副词。 100. C. 四、高考英语语法专题训练——介词: 1.-----5. 【C】【A】【A】【D】【D】 6.-----10. 【D】【C】【C】【C】【D】 11.-----15. 【A】【D】【D】【B】【A】 16.----20. 【A】 21-----25. 26.----30. 31.B 32. A 33.C 34. D. 35.A. 36. D. 37. C. 38. C. 39.A 40. A 41.A. 42.D. 43. A 44.C 45.D. 46.B. 47. D. 48. D 49.D. 50. B. 51.A. 52. C. 53. D. 54. C. 55.B 56. A. 57.B 58.C 59. A. 60. B. 61. C. 62. D. 63. A. 64. A. 65. C. 66. A. 67.C. 68.D. 69. A 70. B. 71.A. 72. C. 73. A. 74. D. 75.B. 76.B 77.C. 78. B. 79. A. 80. C 81. D. 82. D. 83. D 84. C 85. C. 86. D. 87. B. 88. D. 89.C. 90. B. 91. B. 92. A. 93. A. 94. C. 95. B. 考查短语辨析。in common共同的,in store将要发生,in sight看得见,in turn轮流。 96. B. in view of表示“鉴于,考虑到”,符合题意。 97.B. in favor of有利于,赞同;in response to响应,回答,对……有反应;in return for作为……的报答;in honor of向……致敬。 98. B. 99. B. 100.B. 101.A 102. C. 103. D. 104. D. 105. D. 106. D. 107. B. 108. A. 109.B. 110. A. 110. A. 111. B. 112. D. 113.C. 114.C. 115. D. 116.A. 117. A. 118. C.
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