定语从句第一课时

nullnullnullThe boy who is reading is Tom.先行词关系代词Hospital is a place where a doctor works.先行词关系副词null（一）定义及相关术语1.定语从句： 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。null2.先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。null关系词有关系代词和关系副词 关系代词: 关系副词有: when, where, whywho, whom which, that, whose, 指人： 指物： 既指人又指物：as等null A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. 关系代词的实质the machinea machineJoin the following sentences:null A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质a machinethat /whichJoin the following sentences:null关系代词的实质Join the following sentences: The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday. herThe lady we saw yesterday is Green Who/thatnull关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 The man shaking hands with my father a policeman.whoisisnull（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The boys playing football from Class One.Those to go to the museum at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. whoarearewhowantmust benullYesterday I helped an old man had lost his way.That is the teacher teaches us physics.whowhonull2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。Mr Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is just the boy whom I want to see.( )( )nullThe professor whom you are waiting for has come.The girl whom the teacher often praises is our monitor.( )( ) ( ) ( )null注意：关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。The man whom / who you met just now is my old friend.( ) ( )null3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.The factory which makes computers is far away from here. nullHe likes to read books are written by foreign writers.The house looks nice. This is the pen which he bought yesterday.The film which they went to see last night was not interesting at all. whichwhichis by the lake( )( ) ( )( )null4．that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.nullWhere is the man that / whom I saw this morning?The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind.The season that / which comes after spring is summer.nullYesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. null5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. He has a friend whose father is a doctor. nullI once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.nullDo you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?null（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。nullThe school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.inwhichThe school he once studied is very famous.in(which / that)nullTomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine you asked . forwhichfor nullThis is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.withnullWe’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about.aboutnullThe manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.innull注意： 1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. fornull２.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. nullThe man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.×√×