nullnull 名词null 一.名词的数
1.可数名词单数
2.可数名词复数
3.不可数名词
二. 名词所有格
1.
表
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示有生命的名词所有格
2.表示无生命的名词所有格
3.双重所有格
一.可数名词单数一.可数名词单数1.可数名词单数前要加定冠词the,不定冠词a/an,或one, my, his 等,不可单独使用。
我的电脑
my computer
一张桌子
a desk
一个苹果
an apple
( a 加在以辅音因素开头的名词前。an 加在以元音因素开头的名词前。 )
2.可数名词复数2.可数名词复数1. 可数名词复数构成规则变化
(1)一般情况下,在词尾加s。 e.g.book--books,pencil--pencils, cup-cups 以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为/s/,以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为/z/。 在/p//t/k//f/等清辅音后→/s/:cups,books,photographs. /b//d//g//v/等浊辅音后→/z/:bags,labs.
nullb.以 s,x,sh,ch 结尾的词在词尾加-es
bus-buses dish-dishes
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·box-boxes ·watch-watchesnull
1. Can you see nine ____ on the table? A. dishes B. book C. horse
2. The _____ has two______. A. boy; watch
B. boy; watches
C. boys; watch
ABnull
c. 以f, fe 结尾的词,先将f 或fe 变为v, 再在词尾加-es
·thief –thieves ·leaf-leaves
·half- halves ·knife-knives
d. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词,改y为i, 再在词尾加-es
·city-cities country-countriesnull
e. 部分以辅音字母+o 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es
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注意:photo-photos ·radio-radios
null 练习
1. How many (牙齿)does the baby have?
2.There are many (leaf) on the ground.
3.Amy has two different (watch).
4. Among all of the (city), I like Guangzhou best.
5. I can see two (computer)on the desk.
teethleavescomputerscitieswatches可数名词复数构成不规则变化可数名词复数构成不规则变化1.单复数同形
·fish- fish
·sheep-sheep
·deer-deer
null2. 表示某国人的名词复数形式因习惯不同而不同
1)词尾加-s
German- Germans
Indian- Indians
2) 单复同形
Chinese-Chinese
Japanese-Japanese
null1. The _____ are flying back to their country. A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans
2. The girl brushes her _____ every day before he goes to bed. A. tooths B. teeth C. teethsBCnull
3) 将单数名词词尾-man中的a改为字母e
Englishman-Englishmen
Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen
4)有些名词只有复数
·trousers 裤子 · pants 短裤
·clothes 衣服 · glasses 眼镜
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5) 把复合名词的两个词都变成复数
男医生 a man doctor- two men doctors
女老师 a woman teacher- three women teachers
6)其它
·foot-feet · goose-geese
·mouse-mice · child-children
练习练习1. ─Are there any ________ on the farm?
─Yes, there are some.
A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep
2. A cat has four ____ , doesn't it? A. foots B. feet C. feets
3. There are three ____ and five _____ in the room. A. American, Japanese
B. Americans, Japanese
C. American, Janpaneses
DBB不可数名词不可数名词1.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,但是可以用一些量词来表示不可数名词的数量。 (1)表不定数量时,一般用much,(a)1ittle,a lot of/lots of,some,any等词修饰。 eg.much money, a little bread,a lot of ice cream,some juice
null (2)表确定数量时 eg.a bottle of milk;a glass of water, a can of beer, a piece of paper two bottles of milk,two pieces of paper, two glasses of water.
注意:表示可数名词的数量。 eg.a box of oranges,two bags of books,a room of students.null1. ─ They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?
─ Certainly.
A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water
C. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters
2. ─ It's dangerous here. We'd better go out quickly.
─ But I think we should let _______ go out first.
A. woman and children B. women and child
C. woman and child D. women and childrenDBnull
3. You can find three _____ on the desk.
A. bag of rice B. bags of rice
C. bag of rices D. bags of rices
4. The school has many ________.
A. woman teachers B. women teacher
C. woman teacher D. women teachers
DB名词所有格名词所有格表示有生命的事物名词用’s结构表示所有关系
1.’s所有格的构成
1)一般情况下不以s结尾的单数名词加's
·the student’s book 那个学生的书
2)以s结尾单数名词后加’
·my parents’ hope 我父母的希望
·Teachers’ Day 教师节
思考:那些学生的书
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2.’s所有格的读音
a. ’s 在轻辅音后读[s]
Mike’s present 迈克的礼物
b. ’s在浊辅音后读[z]
father’s newspaper 父亲的报纸
the clerk’s office 文员的办公室
null3. ’s所有格的用法
a. 两人或多人共有一样东西时,只需要在最后一个人的名字后加’s,若表示各自所有,则需要在每个名字后加’s
·John and Mike’s father (同一个爸爸)
·John’s and Mike’s fathers(两个不同的爸爸)
1. The woman over there is ______ mother.
A. Julia and Shelley’s
B. Julia’s and Shelley’s
C. Julia and Shelley
D. Julia’s and Shelley
Anull
b.但也可用于表示时间,距离,国家,地点,自然现象,拟人等无生命的名词,也可以加’s构成所有格
·two hours’ walk 两个小时的徒步路程
·Japan’s problem 日本的问
题
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null1. Today is September 10th. It’s_____ Day. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.
A. Teacher B. Teachers’
C. the Teachers’ D. Teacher’s
2. The school is far away from his home. It’s ___walk.
A. a four hour B. a four hour’s
C. a four-hours D. a four hours’
BDnull
c. 表示店铺,医院,学校,住宅及公共建筑等地点,名词所有格后常常省略它所修饰的名词。
·at the Greens’ (home) 在格林家
·at the tailor’s (shop) 在裁缝店
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d.有时为了避免重复,如果一个被名词所有格修饰的词在上文中已经提到,或者两个名词所有格修饰的词相同,往往可以省略第二个所有格后面的名词。
Eg. It is not my fault, but Mary‘s (fault). 这不是我的错,而是玛丽的。
Whose English is better, Jane’s (English) or Tony’s (English)? 谁的英语更好,间的还是托尼的?
null不定代词后接 else , 所有格放在 else 上。
例 somebody else’s bag
1. --- Whose umbrella is it?
--- It’s _______.
A. somebody else’s B. Somebody else
C. Somebody’s else’s D. Somebody’s else
Anull表示无生命的名词所有格
表示无生命的名词所有格用 “名词+of+名词”的结构表示所有关系
教室的窗户
the windows of the classroom
书的名字
the name of the book
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3.双重所有格
双重所有格中带’s所有格的名词必须是个明确确定的指人的名词,同时of前面必须是不确定的名词。
a brother of my father’s 我父亲的一个兄弟
a novel of Lu Xun’s 鲁迅的一部小说null 练习
1.The girl talking to Mary is a friend of ________.
A. Mary’s sister B. Mary sister’s
C. Mary’s sister’s D. Sister of Mary’s
2. He is very tired. He needs ______.
A. a night rest B. a rest night
C. a night’s rest D. a rest of night
CCnullThanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!