城市管理学平时作业3

城市管理学平时作业3 第五章 城市经济管理 一、选择题 1、城市经济的一般功能是指城市总体的共同性功能，主要是以( )为主导，为国民经济服务。 A 第一产业 B 第四产业 C 第三产业 D 第二产业 2、在公共选择理论出现之前，对政府行为的假设有( )。 A 慈善模式 B民主模式 C 巨物模式 D 专制模式 3、城市财政管理的内容包括( )。 A预算管理 B城市维护与建设资金的管理 C 税收管理 D预算外资金管理 4、城市经济管理的方法包括( )。 A 行政方法 B 社会方法 C 法律方法 D经济方法 5、在社会主义市场经济条件下，宏观调控具有( )特征。 A 以“间接性”为主 B以“直接性”为主 C 以“经济性”为主 D 具有“公共物品”属性 二、填空题 1、经济学家们常用 来指代市场本身不能有效配置资源的情况。 2、城市经济功能有一般功能和 之分。 3、世界银行1991年《世界发展报告》在评价政府在与市场相互协作过程中的作用认 环境是各国政府应该向社会提供的最重要的公共物品。 为，稳定的 4、在西方发达国家，城市财政的收入来源主要是 ，小部分是上级政府的拨款或私人捐助。 5、城市经济与乡村经济相比，一个显著区别在于城市经济是一种 、综合性的经济。 6、1994年，我国 改革之后，城市税收分别由国税局和地税局管理。 7、城市经济管理的任务是按照客观规律的要求，以提高城市 为中心，解决好城市经济发展中的生产力的合理组织问题、生产关系问题和上层建筑问题。 8、在社会主义市场经济条件下， 手段与“法律性”手段作为宏观调控措施是对经济性手段的有利补充，而不能成为主要手段。 9、21世纪中国城市经济的发展，应实施 的战略思路，实现数量型向质量型、规模型向效益型、粗放型向集约型的转变，并以提高居民生活质量和文化素质为中心，发展不同类型、功能、规模的各类城市。 10、政府干预经济运行的主要理论依据是 。 三、名词解释 1、城市经济管理: 2、预算外资金: 3、市场失灵: 4、宏观调控: 5、规制: 6、城市财政: 7、城市财政管理: 四、简答题 1、现代城市经济管理的主要任务是什么, 2、城市经济管理的方法有哪些, 3、简述城市经济管理机构的构成, 4、中国传统的城市经济管理体制的主要特点是什么, 5、我国的市政经济支出结构包括哪些方面的内容, 6、中国城市经济发展的主要任务是什么, 7、造成市场失灵的原因主要有哪些, 、政府失灵理论的主要原因是什么, 8 9、城市财政管理的职能有哪些, 10、城市财政管理的内容有哪些, 11、如何管理预算外资金, 12、我国城市财政收入的主要来源是什么, 五、论述题 1、中国传统城市经济管理体制的主要弊端是什么, 2、我国城市经济管理体制的改革方向是什么, 参考答案 一、选择题 1、CD 2、ABC 3、ABCD 、ACD 4 5、ACD 二、填空题 1、市场失灵 2、特殊功能 3、宏观经济 4、税收 5、集聚性 6、分税制 7、经济效益 8、行政性 9、多元化、多极化 10、市场失灵论 三、名词解释 1、城市经济管理就是城市政府运用经济、行政、法律手段对城市经济环境、经济活动 进行有效的控制和协调，以使城市经济健康稳定地发展，取得最大的城市效益。 2、预算外资金是地方财政或城市事业单位直接掌握的财政性资金，即根据国家财政管 理制度的规定，不纳入国家预算，由地方政府、部门、企事业单位自收自支，满足各自特殊 需要的财政资金，是下放财权的一种管理形式。 3、市场失灵是指由于内在功能性缺陷和外部条件缺陷引起的市场机制在资源配置的某 些领域运作不灵。 4、宏观调控是指政府运用各种经济手段、法律手段和必要的行政手段对国民经济发展 进行调节和控制，以保持经济总量的基本平衡，促进国民经济持续、稳定和协调发展，实现 政府的政策目标，推动社会全面进步的经济措施。 5、规制是指具有法律地位的、相对独立的政府管制者，依照一定的法规对被管制者所采取的一系列行政管理与监督行为。 6、城市财政是城市政府参与社会收入或产品的分配活动，也就是城市政府在占有和支配一定份额的社会产品过程中与社会各方面发生的分配关系。 7、城市财政管理是指以城市政府为管理主体，以市政工作为主要目标的预算管理、税收管理、城市维护与建设资金管理和预算外资金的管理。 四、简答题 1、1、制定和实施城市经济社会发展战略和计划; 2、不断改革和完善城市经济管理体制; 3、不断调整和优化城市经济结构; 4、有效控制城市生产力发展规模; 5、加强对企业经济活动的间接管理; 6、规划、建设和管理好市政公用设施。 2、1、经济方法，经济方法是指依靠经济组织，运用经济手段，按客观经济规律的要求来管理经济，以达到预期的经济目标的方法。城市经济管理中的经济方法主要是通过经济杠杆和经济责任制的运用，调整城市经济活动中有关各方面的经济利益，以达到控制、协调经济活动的目的; 2、行政方法，城市经济管理的行政方法是依靠行政组织、运用行政手段来管理经济的一种方法，它依靠国家政权的权威，采用非经济手段来指导、控制和协调城市经济活动; 3、法律方法，城市经济管理中的法律方法，是指城市政府通过经济立法和经济司法来管理经济的方法。 3、1、决策系统。城市政府和市长是城市行政最高层次、最高权威性的决策中心，市政府、市长的决策要倾听部门的意见和经过咨询系统的科学论证，并接受监督系统的监督; 2、 执行系统。由宏观调控机构及专业经济管理部门的各局、委、办组成。决策 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 的实施，由城市政府宏观调控系统执行; 3、 咨询系统。由政策研究机构、政府情报咨询机构、社会研究机构、社会咨询机构组成。咨询系统是城市政府的参谋和情报系统，是市政府制定决策和实施决策的有力助手; 、监督系统。由行政监督机构、经济调节监督机构、财政监督机构、法律监督机构、 4 群众监督机构组成。应健全和强化银行、物价、税收、审计、财政等财经监督、调节机构的作用，加强法律监督和群众监督的作用。 4、1、在生产资料所有制结构方面，实行单一的公有制形式和单一的经营方式; 2、在经济决策结构方面，经济活动的决策权高度集中于政府手中，企业没有多少经营自主权; 3、在经济调节结构方面，主要通过指令性计划和行政手段对经济进行管理，市场机制的作用微小; 4、在经济利益结构方面，实行统收统支、统负盈亏，过分强调国家利益，忽视劳动者个人和企业的利益，企业吃国家的大锅饭，职工吃企业的大锅饭; 5、在经济组织结构方面，按行政系统和行政区划来组织经济活动。 5、1、城市经济支出，包括城市国土整治支出、城市公益事业基本建设支出、技术改造支出、对国有工商(市属)企业的援助性投入、市管县体制下对农业的援助性投入等; 2、城市维护和建设支出，城市维护和建设支出包括城市公用设施、市政基础设施等的建设与维护支出等; 3、科教文卫事业支出，科教文卫事业支出是指除基本建设支出、技术改造资金、流动资金和科技三项费用以外的各项文教事业费和科学事业费支出，包括文化、出版、体育、教 育、卫生、计划生育等共计15项事业费支出; 4、行政管理费用支出，行政管理费用支出即城市行政管理部门的管理费用，包括市政府、人大、政协、公检法、人民团体、直属机关、事业单位的办公费、设备费、业务费、工资、基建开支等; 5、社会保障和救济支出，社会保障和社会救济支出即用于城市人民生活保障的费用，如社会救济费、公共医疗保健费、残疾人费用、劳动保护费用以及社会灾害补助费，等等; 6、财政补贴，财政补贴是政府转移性支出的一种形式。即通过影响相对价格结构，从而可以改变资源配置结构、供给结构和需求结构的一种政府无偿支出，在我国政府的财政统计中财政补贴主要包括物价补贴和企业亏损补贴两大类。 6、1、加速城市化进程，使城市化水平每年提高一个百分点，重点是发展小城镇; 2、要在全国建立2,3个现代化国际城市并带动周边地区大中小城市的发展，形成最具活力和经济实力的城市群和城市带，成为三角支撑的国家经济支柱、中国经济实力和综合国力的中流砥柱、未来中国经济的增长极; 3、以特大城市、大城市为中心建立和发展区域性的城市带和城市群，并以城市群带构架形成经济区，经济区成为中心城市的经济腹地。同时在每个经济区内要发展一批特大城市，发挥特大城市的带动和辐射作用，以促进整个区域经济的发展; 4、建立一批生态城市; 5、建立以交通为网络，以城市为结点，以市场为内容的国家经济发展的空间结构和基本构架，即以主干线、次干线、一般线三个层面的立体交通体系，超(特)级城市、大城市、中(小)城市三个层次的城市体系，并以沿海、沿边、沿江三边城市作为通向国际市场的通道，以广大农村为基础，形成以城市为中心的完整的、强大的国民经济体系。 7、1、垄断势力的存在;在垄断的市场上，供给并不由市场决定，垄断企业可以控制产量，进而影响价格，当垄断力量阻碍了竞争时，市场机制无法正常发挥作用，出现市场失灵; 2、外部性;外部性是指某种经济活动给予这项活动无关的第三方带来的影响。一般说来，外部性尤其是无法明确产权的负的外部性，引起市场失灵; 3、公共物品;公共物品的非排他性和非竞争性特征，使市场调节无法提供充分的公共物品，导致市场配置资源无效率，引起市场失灵; 4、非对称信息;完全市场的前提之一是完全公开和具备完全流动性的信息，当市场供求双方对于交易的信息掌握程度不对称时，交易行为就成为“非正常”，为维护正常的市场秩序，政府在这时有必要来保障弱势一方的权益。 8、根据公共经济学界的研究，导致政府失灵的主要因素包括以下四个方面: 1、政府的行为动机; 2、政府的低效率; 3、政府的自我扩张倾向; 4、政府赤字问题。 9、城市财政管理除了具有地方财政的优化资源配置、收入合理分配和稳定经济发展等作用外，还有如下的具体职能: 1、筹集资金，市政经济管理为了履行城市建设与维护的公共经济职能，要筹集大量的资金; 2、合理安排支出，这是城市财政(通过市政财务)根据国家的方针政策，遵循客观经济规律的要求，将筹集的资金有计划地分配给城市各部门各单位，并利用支出项目之间的比例关系制约分配比例和城市建设、城市经济中的各种比例关系; 3、综合平衡调节，总体控制、全面监督，以解决城市问题、实现城市经济发展的主要 途径; 4、财政监督和调节，财政监督和调节的职能是根据市政管理目标对城市主体的社会经济行为进行监督和调节的职能。 10、1、预算管理，主要包括城市财政预算和由财政管理下的市政工程预算管理; 2、税收管理，1994年，我国分税制改革之后，城市税收分别由国税局和地税局管理; 3、城市维护与建设资金的管理; 、预算外资金管理。 4 11、1、在国家计划指导下统一管理，把财政部门与主管部门结合起来，形成一个强有力的城市预算外资金管理系统; 2、健全预算外资金管理办法，实行财政监督，也要建立预算制度，坚持“正当的保护，违法的取缔”原则; 3、预算外资金的收支应纳入城市综合财政信贷计划，统筹安排，实现综合平衡; 4、任何单位不得私设私收私支的“小金库”。 12、1、税收收入，税收是城市政府主要的收入来源; 2、利润收入，国有企业税后利润在规定留成后的剩余，也是城市财政收入的来源之一; 3、上级财政的转移支付，上级转移支付的城市财政收入是城市建设和发展的重要资金来源; 4、政府公债，政府公债一般有两种，一是对外举债，一是对内举债; 5、收费收入，包括公共事业使用收费、土地使用费、管理费、事业费、资金占用费、租赁费，等等; 6、基金预算收入和专用基金收入，随着城市相对独立的作用的增强，城市针对特殊的用途，经国家批准，可以通过建立社会基金和专用基金来满足城市发展的需要; 7、其他来源，改革开放以来，城市金融改革的步伐不断加快，城市金融机构走向多元化，除了银行机构外，非银行金融机构的信贷资金也是市政资金的来源之一。特殊情况下，社会集资也是市政资金的来源之一，但由于其比较敏感，只有经中央政府特别授权的城市才可进行。另外，外资的不断进入也使其成为市政资金的来源之一。 五、论述题 1、中国传统城市经济管理体制的主要弊端是什么, 2、我国城市经济管理体制的改革方向是什么, 1、1、政企 职责 岗位职责下载项目部各岗位职责下载项目部各岗位职责下载建筑公司岗位职责下载社工督导职责.docx 不分，造成城市经济管理的行政化。传统城市经济管理体制把企业作为行政机构的附属物，否认企业的商品生产者和经营者的地位，导致政府对企业统得过多，管得过死。城市政府机构通过行政手段和指令性计划对企业的产供销和人财物进行直接的全面的管理，导致城市经济管理的行政化，企业丧失了生产经营的自主权，从而使企业根本没有生产经营的积极性、主动性和创造性。 2、条块分割，城乡分割，造成城市经济组织结构的封闭化和分割化。传统城市经济管理体制按照行政系统、行政区划来管理经济，每个行政系统、行政区划自成体系，画地为牢，割断了企业之间、部门之间、城市之间的横向经济联系，形成了封闭式的“大而全”、“小而全”和以纵向联系为主的条块分割、城乡分割，从而严重违背了城市经济的基本特征和运动规律，分割了城市经济的统一性和整体性，影响了城市综合性功能的形成和发挥。 3、忽视商品生产、价值规律和市场的作用，造成经济调节方式的单一化。传统城市经济管理体制把价值规律和市场作为一种异己的力量加以摒弃，把各种城市经济活动统统纳入指令性计划，用产品的计划调拨替代商品交换，结果导致了经济调节方式的单一化，妨碍了城市商品经济的发展。 4、分配中的平均主义严重，造成城市经济主体丧失从事经济活动的内在动力。传统的城市经济管理体制没有把企业和劳动者的经济利益同企业的生产经营成果和劳动者的劳动成果紧密地挂起钩来，企业吃国家的大锅饭，职工吃企业的大锅饭，从而使企业和劳动者丧失了搞好生产经营活动的动力。 5、排斥非公有制经济的存在和发展，造成城市经济生活的单调和呆板。传统城市经济管理体制不切实际的追求“一大二公三纯”的单一所有制结构，把非公有制经济当作资本主义尾巴统统割掉，结果导致城市经济生活的单调和呆板，不利于人民生活水平的提高，也妨碍了城市经济的迅速发展。 2、传统城市经济管理体制由于没有正确处理好国家与企业、企业与职工之间的关系，严重压抑了企业和广大劳动者的积极性、主动性和创造性，极大地束缚了城市生产力的发展，使本来应该生机盎然的社会主义城市经济在很大程度上丧失了活力。为了解放和发展城市生产力，促进中国社会主义城市经济的发展，必须依据社会主义市场经济理论对传统城市经济管理体制进行根本性变革。 城市经济管理体制改革的基本目标是确立社会主义市场经济体制，使市场在政府宏观调控下对资源配置起基础性作用。为了实现这个目标，必须做到: 1、坚持以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的方针，进一步转换国有企业经营机制，建立适应市场经济要求、产权清晰、权责明确、政企分开、管理科学的现代企业制度。 2、建立统一开放的市场体系，实现城乡市场紧密结合，国内市场与国际市场相互衔接，促进资源的优化配置。 3、转变城市政府管理经济的职能，建立以间接方式为主的完善的经济调控体系，保证城市经济的健康运行。 4、建立以按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的收入分配制度，把按劳分配和按生产要素分配结合起来，坚持效率优先、兼顾公平，鼓励一部分人通过诚实劳动和合法经营先富起来，走共同富裕的道路。 5、建立多层次的社会保障制度，为城市居民提供同中国国情及市情相适应的社会保障，促进城市经济的发展和社会稳定。 城市经济管理体制改革的最终目的是要使城市经济充满生机和活力，加快城市生产力的发展，提高城市素质;充分发挥城市的经济中心作用，使城市成为开放型、多功能、社会化、现代化的经济中心。 第六章 城市社会管理 一、选择题 1、一般情况下，把城市人口划分为( )。 A中 小学 小学生如何制作手抄报课件柳垭小学关于三违自查自纠报告小学英语获奖优质说课课件小学足球课教案全集小学语文新课程标准测试题 年龄 B 老龄 C劳动年龄 D托幼年龄 、依据一座城市的人口年龄比例将城市划分为( )。 2 A 稳定型 B 衰退型 C 波动型 D增长型 3、城市社区管理的主体组成包括( )。 A 社区成员 B 社团性组织 C 企事业组织 D行政性组织 4、( )衰退型城市的人口年龄比例中，幼年比例小，老年人口多。 A 稳定型 B 增长型 C 波动型 D衰退型 5、从地域特征和管理角度考察，城市社区主要有( )。 A 自然社区 B 功能社区 C 法定社区 D 居住型社区 二、填空题 1、在人口学理论分析中，通常用城市 来描述城市人口的一些基本特征。 2、城市人口的 增长，是指由于人口迁移而引起的城市人口增长，它一般随着农业经济结构的变化而变化，并与城市自身的功能和吸引力大小有关。 3、自建国以来，我国城市人口管理就形成了区别于其他国家的管理模式和特点，主要体现为 和居民身份证管理、计划生育管理的特殊控制政策，这些具有中国特色的城市人口 管理制度 档案管理制度下载食品安全管理制度下载三类维修管理制度下载财务管理制度免费下载安全设施管理制度下载 也在随着时代的发展而变化。 4、 管理是针对我国城市住宅管理体制的改革而出现的市政管理的特殊职能。 、 是由政府出资建造、国家给予补贴、并具有一定住宅质量(符合本国政府 5 规定的最低住宅水准)的廉价住房。 6、提高城市公共住宅的管理质量，必须从分析城市公共住宅的 入手。 7、社区是指一定区域内有特定生活方式并且具有成员 的人群所组成的相对独立的社会共同体。 8、 尤其是指街道办事处、居民委员会两级辖区。 9、我国目前的社区建设和社区管理正由“单位型”向 转变。 10、近年来各大城市为解决城市居民的居住条件而兴建的各类住宅小区是 社区的典型代表。 三、名词解释 1、城市人口: 2、城市人口管理: 3、城市社区管理: 4、社区: 、城市社区: 5 6、城市流动人口: 四、简答题 1、简述描述城市人口特征的指标。 2、城市人口管理包括哪些方面的内容, 3、我国城市人口的运动趋势是什么, 4、近年来，我国城市人口结构发生的变化是什么, 5、简述我国城市人口管理的特点是什么, 6、社区主要由哪些要素构成, 7、城市社区主要具有哪些特点, 8、简述城市社区管理的主体。 9、经济转型给社区管理带来了哪些新的挑战, 五、论述题 1、试述城市社区管理的内容。 2、在处理社区自治组织和城市政府各级相关机构的关系中，要遵循哪些原则, 参考答案 一、选择题 1、ABCD 2、ABD 3、ABCD 4、D 5、ABC 二、填空题 1、人口结构 2、机械 3、居民户口 4、住宅商品化 5、公共住宅 6、供求关系 、归属感 7 8、法定社区 9、社区型 10、居住型 7、ABCD 三、名词解释 1、城市人口是指居住在城市范围内从事生产经营活动和其他工作的非农业人口，包括拥有城市户籍的常住人口和在城市暂住的流动人口。 2、城市人口管理是指城市政府对城市居民户籍和人口变动、人口流动的行政管理工作。 3、城市社区管理是指在市及市辖区人民政府的领导下，以街道为主导、居委会为协同，以社区组织和社区成员为依托，运用行政与法律、经济与教育、公德与情感等手段，合理调配和利用社区资源，发展社区事业，提高社区成员的生存质量，促进社区经济和社会协调发展的过程。 4、社区是指一定区域内有特定生活方式并且具有成员归属感的人群所组成的相对独立的社会共同体。 5、城市社区是城市中的社区，是指城市中被道路环绕的居住地段上，由有特定生活方式并且有成员归属感的人群所组成的相对独立的社会共同体。 6、城市流动人口:指没有城市常住户口暂住(具有暂住证)或暂时逗留于城市的人口。 四、简答题 1、1、城市人口数量，城市人口数量是指城市区域内人口的总数，包括常住人口数量和流动人口数量; 2、城市人口密度，城市人口密度是指城市用地范围内或城市区域内单位面积上居住的人口数，常用人/平方千米或人,公顷等来表示; 3、城市人口分布，城市人口分布是指人口在城市空间的分布状况，它涉及城市人口迁移、人口城市化、人口城市规划和增值等要素; 4、城市人口性别比例，城市人口性别比例是指城市中人口总数或某个年龄段中男性与女性的人口比例; 5、城市人口年龄比例，城市人口年龄比例是指在城市中不同年龄的个体数量的分布情况，或指各年龄段人口分别占城市人口总人口数的比例; 6、城市人口职业结构，城市人口职业结构是指城市劳动人口在各社会部门所占的比例，即各部门的职工或劳动人员占城市在职人口总数的比例。 2、1、树立人口意识，贯彻基本国策; 2、正确选择城市人口增长途径; 3、做好人口普查和人口预测工作; 4、加强城市流动人口管理; 5、制定城市人口发展战略和规划。 3、城市人口运动包括城市人口存量、流量、结构等变化趋势。 1、城市人口存量不断增大; 2、城市人口流量不断增大; 3、城市人口结构变化。 4、1、人口结构的老龄化趋势; 2、文化结构的高文化发展趋势; 3、就业结构的服务化趋势。 5、1、城市户籍制度，户籍管理的实质是一个国家政府对其所辖人力资源所进行的控制和规划。我国现行户籍制度是建国后随着计划经济体制的确立而逐步建立起来的。种户籍制度适应了计划经济条件下大规模经济建设对全国人力资源统一管理和调配的需要。但随着经济的发展，特别是经济由粗放型向集约型的转化，这一体制所产生的问题也日益明显，主要表现为经济系统的效率低下及人力资源的潜能不能充分发挥。 2、居民身份证管理，居民身份证制度是为了便利公民进行社会活动，维护社会秩序，保障公民合法权益的一种管理制度。其基本内容包括六个方面:领取;登记;效力和期限;换领和补领;交回、收缴和收回;查验和扣留; 3、城市计划生育管理，计划生育是指为了贯彻“控制人口数量，提高人口质量”这一基本国策，宣传晚婚、晚育、少生、优生，提倡一对夫妇只生育一个孩子的基本政策。 6、l、稳定的自然环境和生活居住地域; 2、具有相对稳定的社会关系和生活方式的人群; 3、相对稳定的生活环境和生活设施; 4、具有本地特征的文化积淀; 5、居住人群对居住地的情感沟通和心理认同。 7、1、城市中被道路所环绕的居住地段为其地域，这一地域边界较为确定，范围较小; 2、社区的人群规模大、密度高、异质性较强; 3、公共设施较齐全，能够承担相对完整的社会功能，满足社区居民基本的物质、文化生活需要; 4、社区内社会组织结构复杂，经济、文化发达，人们之间的联系较为密切，有较强的归同感。 8、1、行政性组织。这主要是指街道办事处及各政府主管部门在社区中的派出机构; 2、企事业组织。这主要是指社区中的各类生产、服务性组织，如工厂、商店、医院、学校以及各种业主管理委员会、物业管理公司等; 3、社团性组织。这是指群众性自治组织及专业性社会团体; 4、社区成员。从性质上来看，目前社区管理是行政性、社会性与自治性相结合的一种模式，但无论从其本质还是从其发展来看，走向自治才是社区管理的基本方向。社区管理的最终目的还是要实现它的自治，即由社区居民自己管理自己生活所在社区的社会事务。 9、1、“无单位归属人员”日益增多; 2、外来人口越来越多; 3、随着市政管理体制的权力着力点的下移，许多繁重的市场管理、市容保洁、园林绿化、民政福利、计划生育、社会秩序、道路畅通、居民动迁安置等管理任务逐渐在社区一层展开工作，这给城市社区管理提出了更高的整合能力的要求。 五、论述题 1、1、 社区社会治安综合治理。这是指由社区内司法、警察、安全、消防等部门组成的社区治安综合治理委员会及由社区居民组成的从事治安保卫工作的自治性组织(如治保会、联防队、门栋关照小组等组织)，为创造安全有序的良好社会环境，而对社区内的社会公共秩序、户口、特殊行业(如旅馆业、旧货业等)、道路交通、消防及法制和安全教育进行的管理; 2、 社区环境卫生管理。这是由街道环卫所及各房管所、园林所及社区内各单位组成的市政管理委员会以及群众自治性组织和全体社区成员，为谋求适合居民身心健康的和谐环境，而对生活垃圾、污水、粪便处理工作，道路清扫工作，植树种草等绿化工作，以及环保宣传工作等等进行的管理; 3、 社区卫生保健。这主要是指由街道卫生科、计划生育委员会及地段医院和社区内企事业单位的卫生保健部门，组织发动社区成员，为保证社区居民的身心健康，而对卫生防疫、计划生育、老年人保健、妇幼保健和少年儿童保健，以及心理咨询、社区康复等工作进行的管理; 4、 社区精神文明建设。这主要是指由社区自治性组织和各专业性团体，以及精神文明建设办公室发动全体社区成员，积极开展创建文明小区、文明里弄、文明楼和文明家庭等活动，进一步完善调解、帮困、服务网络。同时，做好教育、科学、文化、艺术、体育及传媒的发展规划，以生态环境物质文明为基础，加强理想、道德、法制教育，提倡科学的生活方式，形成文明的社区社会风尚。 2、在推行社区自治，加快城市民主化建设的进程中，并不是要否定和弱化城市各级政府组织在城市社区工作中的领导，而是将政府在社区管理中的精神和意志通过社区自治组织的形式灌输下去，同时，提高社区管理的效率和水平。在处理社区自治组织和城市政府各级相关机构的关系中，要注意遵循以下的原则: 1、面向社区，重心下移的原则，社区工作的核心是管理与服务。各级组织都要正确处理管理与服务的关系，寓管理于服务之中，把贴近群众、服务社区、服务群众作为强化管理的着眼点，将工作重心下移，利用各自的职能指导和配合社区居委会为社区群众排忧解难;支持街道办事处履行综合管理和协调职能，积极为社区实现“资源共享、责任共担、共住共建”创造条件，并提供必要的人力、物力、财力上的支持。 2、事权下移，责、权、利配套的原则，要加快城市基层工作社区化、社区工作社会化的进程，各级组织要在事权下移、责任下移的同时，将财力和利益也随之下移，真正做到责、权、利相统一。属政府职能部门的工作若确需社区配合的，须与街道协商，经政府同意后，实行部门指导，“权随责走、费随事转”的运作方式。通过责、权、利的配套统一，加大社区工作力度，调动社区居委会工作的积极性。 3、以人为本，资源整合的原则，各级组织要始终坚持全心全意为人民服务的宗旨，坚持以人为本的原则，以改善社区人居环境、便利社区居民生活、丰富社区文化、提高社区居民素质、保障社区居民安居乐业为己任，把社区居民是否满意作为评价各级组织工作的根本 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 。各级组织要充分发挥社区居民的积极性、创造性，善于整合社区内的各类资源，与社区单位和社区居委会共同建好社区。 4、有利于扩大民主，依法自治的原则，社区居委会是社区群众民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督的自治性组织。各职能部门、街道办事处及其他组织应尊重居委会自我教育、自我管理、自我服务的法律地位，在支持《城市居民委员会组织法》立法宗旨和立法原则的前提下，根据社区工作的性质和特点，支持、帮助社区居委会从实际出发，利用社区资源、环境和条件，找准工作切入点，大胆探索和创造符合自身实际的新型社区工作特色和管理模式，切实增强社区依法自治功能，避免社区居委会成为政府的一级准行政组织。 第七章 城市环境管理 一、选择题 1、城市环境的特征是( )。 A 脆弱性 B 开放性 C 人为性 D复合性 2、目前我国城市环境污染的主要包括( )。 A 水污染 B固体废弃物污染 C 视觉污染 D大气污染 3、城市环境保护的手段中( )是根本保障。 A 法制手段 B 行政手段 C 技术手段 D教育手段 4、城市环境管理制度的基本内容包括( )。 A 治理方面的制度 B 监督方面的制度 C排污检查制度 D预防方面的制度 5、城市环境管理治理方面的制度包括( )。 A谁污染谁治理制度 B排污权交易制度 C奖励制度 D排污收费赔偿制度 二、填空题 1、城市环境的 主要表现在城市的环境问题种类繁多，而且日益严重。 2、城市环境包括两大部分，一是城市的自然环境，二是城市的 。 3、污染物控制指标管理和 收费制度相结合，构成了我国城市环境管理的一个重要方面。这种管理方法对于控制环境污染、保护环境资源起到了很大的作用。 4、 与人工环境的高度融合是城市环境最显著、最基本的特征。 5、我国的 是对城市环境进行法制管理的基本依据。 6、实行 制度可以把各种影响环境的活动纳入国家统一管理的轨道，严格限制在国家规定的范围内，便于主管机关针对不同情况具体管理。 7、 是当前国际上发达国家广泛采用的一种污染物总量控制的市场运作方式，即在排污总量控制的前提下允许企业买卖排污指标，以经济杠杆促使企业主动削减排污量。 8、将原因导向的城市管理思路用到城市环境问题的研究上，可以发现，我们需要从末端治理为主的环境保护走向发展源头导向的 。 9、到了20世纪90年代，特别是 战略成为世界潮流的近几年，源头预防和全过程治理才替代末端治理成为国家环境与发展政策的真正主流，零敲碎打的做法才有可能整合成为一套系统的循环经济战略。 10、循环经济的建立依赖于一组以减量化、再使用、 为内容的行为原则，每一个原则对循环经济的成功实施都是必不可少的。 三、名词解释 1、城市环境: 2、城市环境管理: 3、城市环境综合整治: 4、排污权交易: 四、简答题 1、如何理解城市环境的内涵, 2、城市环境具有哪些特征, 3、目前我国的城市环境污染包括哪些方面的内容, 4、城市环境管理包括哪些方面的内容, 5、城市环境规划的程序是什么, 6、环境污染末端治理的局限是什么, 7、城市环境综合整治的工作重点是什么, 8、简述城市环境管理的手段。 9、城市环境管理的制度有哪些, 10、循环经济3R原则的内容是什么, 11、如何理解循环经济中3R原则的排列顺序, 五、论述题 1、我国城市污染治理的主要瓶颈是什么, 2、城市环境管理的基本原则是什么, 参考答案 一、选择题 1、ABCD 2、ABCD 3、A 4、ABCD 5、ABCD 二、填空题 1、脆弱性 2、人工环境 3、排污 4、自然环境 5、环境保护法 、许可证 6 7、排污权交易 8、循环经济 9、可持续发展 10、再循环 三、名词解释 1、城市环境是指影响城市人类活动的各种自然的或人工的外部条件的总和。 2、城市环境管理指按照一定环境功能目标，运用行政、法律、教育、经济与科学技术等手段，协调人类的社会经济活动与城市环境之间的关系，以防止环境污染、维护城市生态系统平衡的一种措施。 3、城市环境综合整治是指在市政府的统一领导下，以城市生态理论为指导，以发挥城市综合功能和整体最佳效益为前提，采用系统分析的方法，从总体上找到制约和影响城市生态系统发展的综合因素，理顺经济建设、城市建设和环境建设的相互依存又相互制约的辩证关系，用综合的对策整治、调控、保护和塑造城市环境，为城市人民群众创建一个适宜的生态环境，使城市生态系统良性发展。 4、排污权交易是指在一定的区域内，在污染物排放总量不超过允许排放量的前提下，内部各污染源之间通过货币交换的方式相互调剂排污量，从而达到减少排放量、保护环境的目的。 四、简答题 1、由自然环境和人工环境组成的城市环境在内涵上包括以下三个方面的关系: 1、人口与环境的关系; 2、经济与环境的关系; 3、资源与环境的关系。 2、1、复合性，城市环境是一种高度人工化的自然—人工复合环境; 2、人为性，城市环境是以人为主体和中心的环境; 3、开放性，城市环境是一个高度开放性的环境系统; 4、脆弱性，由于城市环境是高度人工化的环境，受到人类活动的强烈影响，自然调节能力弱，主要靠人工活动进行调节，而人类活动具有太多的不确定因素;而且影响城市环境的因素众多，各因素间具有很强的联动性，一个因素的变动会引起其他因素的连锁反应，因此城市环境的结构和功能表现出相当的脆弱性。 3、1、大气污染，煤烟型与机动车尾气的复合型污染直接破坏了城市大气环境。 2、水污染，有机污染仍然是水环境污染的主要问题。 3、固体废弃物污染，城市垃圾是城市环境的重要问题。 4、噪声污染、光污染、电磁波污染和视觉污染等在城市环境中的破坏作用也不容忽视。 4、1、城市环境的国家标准管理，具体管理内容包括:(1)污染物控制指标管理;(2)污染物总量指标管理，它包括对污染物和污染源两方面的控制管理;(3)城市环境总量结构控制管理 2、制定城市环境发展战略; 3、城市环境规划管理; 4、城市环境综合整治。 5、1、确定环境规划目标，目标的确定是编制规划的中心环节; 2、掌握城市区域的环境现状、特征、主要环境问题与制约因素，主要是进行调查以及收集整理、监测分析城市环境的基础资料; 3、进行人口、资源、环境预测，为了使规划具有可操作性和实用性，对社会、经济和环境的发展变化趋势进行预测是一个关键环节; 4、提出控制污染、改善环境的具体要求和实施方案，在提出具体要求和措施时，要着眼于区域背景下的城市环境综合整治。 6、1、传统末端治理是问题发生后的被动做法，因此不可能从根本上避免污染发生; 2、末端治理随着污染物减少而成本越来越高，它在相当程度上抵消了经济增长带来的收益; 3、由末端治理而形成的环保市场产生虚假的和恶性的经济效益; 4、末端治理趋向于加强而不是减弱已有的技术体系，从而牺牲了真正的技术革新; 5、末端治理使得企业满足于遵守环境法规而不是去投资开发污染少的生产方式; 6、末端治理没有提供全面的看法，而是造成环境与发展以及环境治理内部各领域间的隔阂; 7、末端治理阻碍发展中国家直接进入更为现代化的经济方式，加大了在环境治理方面对发达国家的依赖。 7、1、把环境保护纳入城市建设总体规划; 2、改革城市环境管理体制，强化环境管理; 3、广开渠道，解决城市环境综合整治的资金来源; 4、加强政府对城市环境综合整治的领导。 8、1、行政手段，这是以政府的名义，通过研究制定城市环境管理的政策，组织制定城市环境规划以及在自身职能范围内的一系列政策活动对城市环境进行管理; 2、法制手段，包括建立和健全环境管理的法律、法规体系，并且按照环境法律、法规依法对城市环境进行管理。一是做到有法可依，二是做到依法办事，三是做到违法必究; 3、市场手段，指运用价格、成本、利润、税收等与价值有关的各种经济杠杆，影响和调节社会再生产过程，利用和保护城市生态环境，使国民经济在生态环境健全的基础上发展; 4、技术手段，即用现代高科技手段对城市环境进行管理，改进城市环境管理的手段， 提高环境管理的质量; 5、教育手段，包括两个层面的教育，一是环保知识的教育，教育各社会组织和公众懂得如何进行环境保护;二是环保意识的教育，教育社会组织和公众懂得城市环境对人类生存的重要性，养成良好的环保习惯。 上述几方面的手段应综合使用，不能偏废，其中法制手段是根本保障，教育手段是长远基础，技术手段是优化条件，行政手段和经济手段是日常管理的必要条件。 9、1、预防方面的制度，包括环境监测制度、环境影响评价制度、“三同时”制度、许可证制度; 2、治理方面的制度，包括排污收费赔偿制度、谁污染谁治理制度、排污权交易制度、奖励制度; 3、监督方面的制度，环境保护目标责任制度对一个地区、一个单位的主要负责人，规定必须运用目标化、定量化、制度化的管理方法，确保责任范围内的环境质量符合要求。 4、排污检查制度，环保部门有权对排污单位进行现场检查，监督其是否遵守排污许可证的规定。 10、1、减量化原则，循环经济的第一法则是要减少进入生产和消费流程的物质量，因此又叫减物质化; 2、再利用原则，循环经济第二个有效的方法是尽可能多次以及尽可能多种方式地使用人们所购买的东西; 3、资源化原则，循环经济的第三个原则是尽可能多的再生利用或资源化。 11、1、3R原则在循环经济中的重要性并不是并列的 2、人们必须认识到再生利用存在的某些限度; 3、综合运用3R原则是资源利用的最优方式。 五、论述题 1、全面规划、合理布局，该原则有三层涵义，一是城市的环境保护规划与城市的经济和社会发展计划相结合。二是城市的环境保护规划与城市规划相结合。三是全面规划城市的环境保护工作。以上三层涵义中第一、第二层涵义强调城市环境保护规划应当与城市经济、社会发展计划，与城市总体规划紧密结合、统筹安排，使城市经济社会发展、城市建设与环境保护三者协调发展，第三层涵义强调环境保护管理本身的规划需要全面综合考虑。 2、综合利用、化害为利，这是指全面和充分地利用各种生产和生活的废弃物，变废为宝、化害为利，既充分地利用资源和能源，又减少环境污染。这是治理污染、节约资源、发展生产、保护环境而必须贯彻的一项重要原则。当前，世界上许多国家都非常重视废弃物的回收、利用和处理，并制定了相关的法律法规。因为废弃物中大多含有未被充分利用的有用资源，对其回收利用对节约资源和减少污染是一举两得。 3、预防为主、防治结合，城市环境一旦污染便很难恢复，因此保护环境应以预防为主，但预防不可能完全避免污染，对已经存在的污染必须治理，因此要防治结合。 4、“三同时”原则，这一原则要求在进行新建、改建和扩建工程时，防治污染和其他公害的设施必须与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投产。这一原则我国早在1973年便正式做出规定，这是我国在环境管理中防止污染的一项重要原则，也是防止污染的重要制度之一。 5、依靠群众、大家动手，保护环境、防治污染不仅仅是政府的职责，也是全体社会组织和市民的职责。保护环境、防止污染仅靠政府也难以达到理想的效果，只有全社会成员增强环保意识、积极参与才可能达到较好的效果。 6、污染者负担原则，指污染和破坏环境造成的损失，由排放污染物和造成破坏的组织或个人所承担。这一原则自20世纪70年代初由国际经济合作与发展组织环境委员会提出后， 得到国际社会的广泛承认。污染者负担原则在法律上一般表现为三种方式:征收排污费或多种形式的污染税，赔偿损失，罚款。其中被广泛采用的是“排污收费制度”。我国参照这一原则，在《环境保护法》中规定了“谁污染谁治理”的具体原则，以明确污染者的责任。 7、城市环境保护与管理还始终坚持一个总的原则，即可持续发展原则。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.