PETS三级教材标准教程文本

PETS三级教材标准教程文本 PETS三级教材标准教程Unit01 Charpter 1 PERSONAL AND PEOPLE Unit1 Personal and people Conversations part 1 Daisy is introducing Sally to Smith Daisy: Good morning, Smith. Could I take a few minutes of your time? Smith:Oh, it's you,Daisy.What can I do for you? Daisy: May I introduce my friend Sally to you,Smith? She's outstanding student in the college.She spesks good english and also she is good at operating computer. Sally: How do you do?Smith, Smith: Pleased to meet you,Sally.I heard a little about you from Daisy. Would you like work for two months in my company? Sally: Of course. I'd love to. I really want to get some real experience from my work here. Smith: Ok. Please come to work at 8o'clock tomorrow morning. Sally: See you tommorrow. Good bye. Part 3 A couple are talking about their neighbour Mr. Wang Mrs.: Darling, do you know anything about our new neighbour Mr. Wang ? Mr.: Nothing except he goes to work at 7:30 every morning. Mrs.: He's quite special. Mr. : Special? What's the special about him? Mrs: Well. For one thing,he's Wang Li's boy friend. Miss Li has told me that. Mr. : What's else? Mrs.: He's farmer to villege three yesrs ago. With only 20 ,but now Mr. :What's happened? 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Mrs.: He has setted a piece of company with about 2000 employees. It's reported that he has built a new school for his poor hometown. PETS三级教材标准教程Unit02 Chapter2 Home and family Conversations Part1 Wang Fang shows a photo of her family to Dianna. Dianna: How many members are there in your family? Wang: There are five. Look at the photo. The old couple sitting in the middle are my parents. Dianna: Oh, your parents! They smile so happily. Wang: You are right. My mother was an English teacher in a middle school, and my father was a doctor, now both of them are retired from work. Dianna: Your fluent English must be inherited from your mother, I think. Wang: Maybe. When I was little, she liked to teach me English. Dianna: A wise mother! Who is the man on the left? Wang: He is my elder brother. Dianna: He looks so handsome and energetic. What is he doing now? Wang: He workis in a big company in Shanghai as a manager. Dianna: Who is the girl on the right? Is that you? Wang: No, that is my younger sister. She is studying in Los Angeles. Dianna:So the girl next to her must be you. Wang: Yes, you are right. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Dianna: You are still as lovely as you were. Wang: Thank you, by the way, I would like to see my parents this weekend. Would you lie to go with me? My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Have a taste, ok? Dianna: Oh, I would love to. I will be glad to meet you your parents. It seems you really have a happy family. PETS三级教材标准教程Unit04 CHAPTER 4 WEATHER AND CLIMATE Unit 4 Weather and Climate Conversations Ted and Lisa are drinking coffee. Look,it is sunny today,isn't it? Yeach,I like sitting in the sun, drinking coffee and listening to the light music. You really know how to lead a comfortable life and enjoy yourself. A piece of bad news for you: Iit's forecasted that it will be cloudy tomorrow. It's so changeable!Maybe the day after tomorrow,it will be snowy. You're such a smart boy.It is predicted to snow. Really?That's great!If so,we can buy a roll of film to take photos, and invite our friends Amy,Martin and Sally to play with snowballs. And we can also heap up a snowman standing on our playground! So it is not bad but good news. May your dream come true. Wang Lin is talking with Alice about the recent weather. How are you doing these days? Fine,and you? 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Me too.It's so hot and muggy today. Yes.The weather has been dry for days. It's reported that the temperature today rises to about 40C. Oh,I see.The heat makes my flowers fade, my little dog"Gege"is lying on the ground with its tongue strectching long. God damn!Could you remember the flood last month? Sure.It was raining cats and dogs.Luckily I was staying at home that day. A terrible flood.Some people lost their lives.Poor poeple! The flood is dangerous,and our government ha asked people to be mindful of heat, extreme heat may also cause death. Take it easy.The fall is coming and the heat will be finally over. I hope so. Yang Ming asks his teacher,Mr.Zhang,some questions about the climate. Good morning,Mr.Zhang. Good morning,any questions? Yes,could you tell me the difference of climate between Beijing and Kunming? Of course.Beijing is situated in the North and Kunming in the Southwest. Is the climate related to the latitude? Yes,Beijing is in the high latitudes while Kunming in the low latitudes. Does the latitude influence the temperature? Certainly,it's colder in Beijing than in Kunming as a whole. The weather in Beijing is very bad. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 How?Can you explain it in detail? It's cloudy and windy.Through the whole year,the wind blows very hard. The dirt spreading in the air can make people dirty. It can even get through the window and fall on your furniture. But the strong wind offers a good chance to fly kites.What about Kunming? It's warm and sunny.The weather si agreeable,comfortable and humid. The range of temperature is unnoticeable. In short,that means it's like spring all the year round. You're right. Thank you very much. Aaron is calling his girlfriend,Helen. Darling,what are you busy with now?I am missing you very much. Next week,I have a 3-day vacation.Let's make a trip. Great!Where do you like to go?The South or the North? The temperature in the North is below zero. The worst is that it has sonowed there for days. But I enjoy the cold weather. It must be refreshing after a hot and muggy summer we spent. It was terribly hot indeed.If we go southward, it's unnecessary to travel with more clothes,the weather is fairly agreeable! Cold as it is in the North,we can seize the opportunity to ski. Skiing is so exciting and challenging! 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Ok,this time,I'll follow you. Next time,let's go travelling in the South for surfing. passage Our Changing Atmosphere According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth's surface temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with accelerated warming during the past two decades. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. Human activities have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the buildup of greenhouse gases -primarily carbon dioxide,methane,and nitrous oxide. Energy from the sun drives the earth's weather and climate, and heats the earth's surface;in turn,the earth radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases(water vapor,carbon dioxide,and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse. Without this natural"greenhouse effect", temperatures would be much lower than they are now, and life as known today would not be possible. Thanks to greenhouse gases, the earth's average temperature is a more hospitable 60F. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 However,problems may arise when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases. Scientists generally believe that the combustion of fossil fuels and other human activities are the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide. What has changed in the last few hundred years is the additional release of carbon dioxide by human activities. Fossil fuels burned to run cars and trucks,heat homes and businesses, and power factories are responsible for about 98% of US carbon diozide emissions, 24% fo methane emissions,and 18% of nitrous oxide emissions. Increased agriculture,deforestation,landfills,industrial production, and mining also contribute a significant share of emissions. In 1997,the United States emitted about one-fifth of total global greenhouse gases. The 20th century's 10 warmest years all occurred in the last 15 years of the century. Of these,1998 was the warmest year on record. The snow covers in the Northern Hemisphere and floating ice in the Arctic Ocean have decreased. Globally,sea level has risen 4-8 inches over the past century. Worldwide precipitation over land has increased by about one percent. The frequency of extreme rainfall events has increased throughout much of the United States. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases are likely to accelerate the rate of climate change. Scientists expect that the average global sirface temperature could rise 1-4F(0.6-2.5C) in the next fifty years,and 2.2-10F(1.4-5.8C)in the nxt century, with significant refional variation. Evaporation will increase as the climate warms, which will increase average global precipitation. Soil moisture is likely to decline in many regions, and intense rainstorms are likely to become more frequent. Sea level is likely to ris two feet along most of the US coasts. Calculations of climate change for specific areas much less reliable than global ones, and it is unclear whether regional climate will become more variable. Words and Expressions atmosphere Fahrenheit accelerated warming n.大气,空气 n.华氏温度 adj.加速的 n.升温 decade evidence attributable activity n.十年 n.证据,论据 adj.可归于..的 n.活动;行动 alter chemical buildup greenhouse v.改变 n.化学制品 n.组合,集合 n.温室 gas carbon dioxide methane nitrous oxide 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 n.气体 二氧化碳 n.甲烷,沼气 vt.一氧化二氮 radiate atmospheric vapor trap vt.放射,辐射 adj.大气的,大气层的 n.水汽,水蒸气 vt.捕获,捕捉 outgoing retain panel average adj.外出的，离开的 vt.保持,保留 n.面板 adj.平均的 hospitable arise concentration combustion adj.好客的,殷勤的 vi.出现,发生 n.集中，集合 n.燃烧 fossil fuels primary additional release 矿物燃料 adj.第一位,主要的 adj.另外的,附加的 n.释放 truck responsible emission deforestation n.卡车,敞篷货车 adj.有责任 n.散发 n.采伐森林 landfill minimg contribute emit n.垃圾掩埋法 n.采矿,矿业 v.贡献 vt.发出,发射 global floating decrease precipitation adj.全球的 adj.漂浮的,浮动的 v.减少 n.降(雨)量 frequency extreme rainfall increasing n.频率,发生次数 adj.极端的,极度的 n.降雨,降雨量 adj.日益增加的 regional variation evaporation moisture adj.地方的,地域性的 n.变化 vi.蒸发(作用) n.潮湿,湿气 decline intense rainstorm calculation vi.下降 adj.强烈的,特定的 adj.暴风雨 n.计算,考虑 specific reliable unclear variable 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 adj.特殊的,特定的 adj.可靠的,可信赖的 adj.不清楚的 adj.可变的,不定的 Exercises Section I Listening Comprehension Listen to the record. Answer each question by choosing A,B,C or D from the four possible choices. 1.Oh,my God,I have difficulty in breathing, how do th Africans here stand such heat? Maybe they are used to it. 2.It has been snowing heavily for one week. So you will know why the vegetables are so expensive. 3.Mary has gone to the theatre in spite of my suggestion. Why not send her umbrella now?Look up ward,the dark clouds! 4.It's a holiday now.Where would you like to go,the North or the South? I prefer the South to the North.It's more agreeable-sunny and warm. 5.The temperature today is 20C. That means it is 2C higher than that of yesterday, 1C lower than that of the da before yesterday. B Do you want to know something about the history of weather? Don't look at the sky.Dont's look for the old weather report. Looking ar tree rings is more important. Correct weather reports date back to only one century, 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 but some trees cn provide an exact record of the weather even further back. It's natural that a tree would grow best in a climate with plenty of sunlight and rainfall. It is also expected that little sunlight or rainfall would limit the growth of a tree. The changes from a favorable to an unfavorable climate can be determined by reading the pattern of ring in a tree trunk. To find out the weather of ten years ago, count the rings of a tree trunk form the outside to the inside. If the tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it si certain that plenty of sunny and rainy weather occurred. If the rings are close together,then the climate was bad for the tree. Studying tree rings is not only important for the history of the weather, but also for the history of man. In a region of New Mexico you can find only sand-no trees and no people. However,many centuries ago a large population lived there. They left suddenly,why? A scientist studied patterns of dead tree rings which had grown there. He decided the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees. Trees were necessary to make filrs and buildings. So,after the people destroyed the trees,they had to move. Supplementary Reading Extreme Weather 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Extreme weather will become more common,experts forecast. NEW YORK It has been a summer of extremes. Rains have deluged Europe and Asia, swamping cities and villages and killing abot 2 000 people. while drought and heat have seared the American Western and Eastern cites. What is going on? The floods and droughts could simply be flickers in the inherently chaotic weather system,some experts say. But many warn that such extremes will be increasingly common as the world grows warmer. Such a shift could pose big problems in places where water is already a strained resource,they say. A warmer world is more likely to be a wetter one, experts warn,with more evaporation resulting in more rains, in more heavy and destructive downpours. But in a troublesome twist, that world may also include more intense droughts, as the increased evaporation parches soils between occasional storms. "In a hotter climate,your chances of being caught with either too much or too little rains are higher,"said John Wallace, a professor of atmospheric sciences at the University fo Washington. And the globe is getting warmer. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 The last several decades of global temperature readings curve up on graphs like the end of a hockey stick. Climate specialists concluded for the first time last year that humans were causing most of the warming trend by burning coal and oil, which release carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping greenhouse gases. The main way that warming is likely to manifest itself,scientists say, is through changes in the balance of water as liquid,vapor and ice. "There si growing evidence now that shifts in the golbal water cycle are likely to cause potentially catastrophic effects in several parta of the world,"said Rajendra Pachauri, an Indian engineer who si the new chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Still,a scientific debate persists. Some speciallists say the earth has built-in buffering mechanisms that can limit extremes. But manyy other say that past records, current trends and computer models all point to big changes ahead. One new study this summer found evidence that Asian monsoon, as a part of falter in arid,subtropical areas intensified. Generally,agriculture is expected to falter in arid, subtropical areas like the eastern Mediterranean and southern Africa, while flourishing in northern climes, 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 like the North American wheat belt, as more precipitation and longer growing seasons boost yields. But climate specialists say that even there rain is more likely to fall as field-scouring torrents. Long-term planners in the western United States are trying to adjust. Next year,California will for the first time incorporate climate changes into its five-year water-management plan. "Water supplies there are already squeezed by growing populations," said Jonas Minton, the deputy director of the California Department of Water Resources. A warming climate is intensifying the problem,he siad. "Over the last 50 years,"he siad, "winter precipitation in the Sierra Nevada mountain region has been falling more and more in the form of rain, increasing flood risks,instead of as snow, which supplies farmers and faucets alike as it melts in the spring." PETS三级教材标准教程Unit05 CHAPTER 5 FOOD AND DRINK Unit 5 Food and Drink Conversations Mick and his landlady are talking what they like at a meal. You'll be having meals with us. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Is there any type of food that you don't like or that I can't cook for you? Erm,not really.The only thing is:I'm not very keen of fish. Not very keen on fish? No. Oh,well,that's not too much of a problem.Erm,something else.Oh.I don't like tea,I never drink tea. Erm,something else.Oh.I don't like tea,I never drink tea. Oh,you never drink tea? I usually have coffee. oh,we usually have tea all the time. Oh dear! Erm,I'll mak you some coffee. Daisy and Lily are going to a snack bar. We'd better get something to eat,please. Let's go to snack bar,I hope you'll like it. Well,I've never been to one before, so you'll have to show me how to get round there. Ok,you see,it's a kink of help-yourslef serivce. You just line up and tell them what you want,and they'll give it to you. Come along. I guess we'll ahve to join the line there. Yes.You go and follow the line and I'm going to pick up the trays, knives and forks. Tom and Alice are continuing their conversation while having their meal. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Have some of the sweet and sour fish,please. It's appetizing and tasty. Will you have another cup of coke? No,thank you.I'm afraid it's a bit too much for me. How about having a glass of white wine to go with the fish? That's a good idea.This dish is really wonderful. What about some fruit?Help yourself to an apple,please. It's very juicy.I must say we've had a splendid meal. Mary is talking with her neighbour Sue about how to make fruit salad. Good morning,Mary,could you tell me how to make a fruit salad? Of course,it's my pleasure. Well,first of all,you select the fruit that you want, and then you wash it very carefully. Erm,then go about peeling it. Start off with,say,the apples,peeling them, washing them thoroughly,chopping them up into shapes. Peeling the ba...bananas,chopping them up, putting a little bit of lemon juice so that they don't go brown. Erm,taking the grapes,washing them,cutting them up. Erm,pears,you could do the same thing for them. Putting them all together, sprinking them Liberally with sugar,er,a little bit more lemon juice, 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 putting them into a bowl,and there you have a fruit salad. I see.Thank you very much.I'll have a try. Passage Enjoy Eating at"Melting Pot" "You are what you eat." Nutrition experts often use this saying to promote better eating babits. What we put in our mouth does become a part of us. But we can look at this statement another way. What we eat reflects who we are-as people and as a culture. Do you want to understand another culture? Then you ought to find out about its food. As a foreign traveler can prove, the relation between food and national identity is close and strong. Not only do citizents of most nations come to perceive some aspect of their cuisine as distinctive, but nations themselves are typically associated with particular food. Countries are what they eat,or at the very least, people tend to think of nations is culinary terms. Thus,learning about American food can give us a real taste of American cultrue. What is "American food?At first you might think the answer is easy as pie. To many people,American food means hamburgers,hot dogs,fried chicken and pizza. If you have a "sweet tooth", you might even think of apple pie or chocolate chip cookies. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 It's true that American do eat those things. But are those the only thing you can find in America? Except for thanksgiving turkey,it's hard to find typically"American"food. The United States is a land of immigrants. So Americans eat food from many different countries. When people move to America,they bring their cooking styles with them. That's why you can find almost every kink of ethnic food in America. In some cases,Americans have adopted foods from other countries as favorites. Americans love Italian pizze,Mexican tacos and Chinese egg rolls. But the American version doesn't taste quite like the original. As with any large country,the US has several distinct regions. Each region boasts its own special style of food. Visit the South and enjoy country-style cooking. Journey through Louisiana for some spicy Cajun cuisine. Take a trip to New England and sample savory seafood dishes. Travel through the Midwest,"the bread-basket of the nation", for delicious baked foods. Cruise over tot he Southwest and try some tasty TexMex treats. Finish your food four in the Pacific Northwest with some gourmet coffee. Americans living at a fast pace often just"grab a quick bite". Fast food restaurants offer people on the run everything from fried chicken to fried rice. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Microwave dinners and instant foods make cooking a home a snap. Of course,one of the most common quick American meals is a sandwich. If it can fit between two slices of breadm, Americans probably make a sandwich out of it. Peanut butter and jelly are all-time American favorites. Aericans on the go also tend to eat a lot of "junk food". Potao chips,candy bar,soft drinks and other goodies are popular treats. Many people eat too many of these unhealthy snacks. But others opt for more healthy eating habits. Some even go"all natural". They refuse to eat any food prepared with chemicals or additives. American culturre is a good illustration of the saying"You are what you eat." Americans represent a wide range of backgrounds and ways of thinking. The variety of foods enjoyed in the US reflects the diversity of personal tastes. The food may be international or regional. Sometimes it's fast,and sometimes it's not so fast. It might be junk food,or maybe it's natural food. In any case,the style is all-American. Words and Expressions nutrition expert promote statement 营养;营养品 专家，行家 促进;发扬 声明;陈述 identity perceive aspect cuisine 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 物性 感到，认识到 方面 烹饪，烹调风格 distinctive typically tend culinary 与从不同的，有物色的 代表性地，作为物色的 趋向，往往是 厨房的，烹调用的 hamburger pizza thanksgiving turkey 牛肉饼;汉堡包 比萨饼 感恩节 火鸡 immigrant cooking style ethnic 移民，侨民 烹饪 风格，时尚 民族的 adopt version distinct sample 采用 译文，译本 截然不同的，独特的 尝试 savory seafood gourmet grab 风味极佳的，可口的 海产食品，海味 美食家，美酒 抓住 on the run microwave snap slice 匆匆忙忙 微波 容易方便的事 薄片，切片 peanut jelly all-time treat 花生 果子冻，一和果冻甜品 空前的，创纪录的 使人愉快的事 unhealthy snack additive illustration 不健康的 小吃，快餐 添加剂 说明;例证 saying represent range background 谚语 表现;描绘 范围 背景 reflect diversity 反射，反映 差异，多样性 Exercises Section I Listening Comprehension 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 Listen to the record. Answer each question by choosing A,B,C or D from the four possible choices. A 1.Good evening,what would you like,coffee,tea or the mineral water? The last one. 2.This is 2.5 yuan,your change. I like to give it to you as a tip. 3.I suggest we go to have kentucky fried chicken. It's your favorite.I'd rather have Beijing roasted duck,anyway. 4.OK,6 yuan for 2 bottles of soda water. 3 yuan for a cup of coke.4.5 yuan for your coffee. OK,here is a bill of 50 yuan. 5.I can't bear the smell in the kitchen,is the meat rotten? No,you are wrong.It must be some eggs you bought last month. B Xiao Li and Jiang Li are ready to have lunch in a restaurant. What would you like to have? Er...It's hot today,I'd like to start with coke. Ok,I'll have beer or wine?Er,beer,Ok,two bottles of beer. Order your favorite dishes,please. Ok,let me see.I like to shredded park and fried kidneys,what about you? Braised beef and stewed eggplant. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 I prefer the stewed eggplant too. Any more? Yeah,last time,we had strawberries here,today I want to have apricots. Oh,a changable lady.I know that you prefer strawberries to apricots.Why... I am watering at the sight of them. OK,good.Rice? Of course. I have no idea why you like rice so much, frankly speaking,I like noodles.I'll have a bowl of noodles. A typical man from the North.Ok,I'll have the rice,you,the "delicious"noodles. Supplementary Reading The Incredible Potato This is the vegetable that conquered the world: the peasant's life support,the food lover's delight, nutritious,loved adn hated-the incredible potato,the amazing spud. Among the first Europeans to see the plant the Indians called"papa" were Francisco Pizarro and his soldiers. When they invaded Peru in the 1530s, they were unaware of the buried treasure beneath their feet. They rode roughly over the papa in hot pursuit of the Inca Emperor, Atahualpa,and his gold. Introduced into Eurpo over the next years, the potato began four centuries of world conquest. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 The Inca Empire has vanished.Spain's glory is only a memory. The potato still survives. Compared to the vast benefits this unusual plant has given to man, all the gold of Peru becomes worthless. Today,the potato is produced in 130 of the world's 167 independent countries. One year's crop,at consumer prices,is worth 106 billion dollars, more than the value of all the gold and silver the Spanish ever took out of the New World. The average annual crop(29 million tons) could cover a four-lane superhighway circling the world six times. The potato si so nutritious that a man in Scandinavia lived healthly for 300 days on only spuds covered with a bit of margarine. It takes seven pounds of potatoes to tatal 2500 calories, the approximate adult daily requirement; so eating a spud without cream or butter is no more fattening than eating a pear -the potato itself is 99.9 percent fat free. An acre of potatoes yields almost as much food as two acres of grain, and when the water that composes about 80 percent of potatoes is squeezed out, they provide annually more dry food than the combined world wide consumption of fish and meat. without potatoes,meat production would fall and meat prices rise; 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 nearly half the world's crop is fed to animals. What has made the potato a king among vegetables? Fruitfulness,strength,nutritiousness and,above all,its many uses, which is why in India a man who can do anything is called"alu"-potato. Nutritionists rate the quality of potato protein higher than of the soybean, and a single spud can supply half the daily Vitamin C requirement of an adult, a fact sea captains early guessed at when they carried potatoes to prevent disease among their crews. If captain and crew had been cast away on an island with a sack of potatoes, they could have grown a ton of food within a year and survived. With milk they could have held out indefinitely. A potato crop is as well suited to home gardening as it is large-scale commercial production. It may also become a useful source of energy in the decades to come, we may be burning potato gasohol in our cars. When Henry Ford first got into the automobile business, he predicted the world would soon run out of cheap petroleum. To make alochol,he ordered potatoes from Europe that were grown for industrial purposes, but the project was apparently disastrous. The way things are going,it looks like Ford did have a better idea. Researchers have shown that one acre of potatoes can yied 豆丁团:优秀创新产品 1 200 gallons of pure alochol in a year. 豆丁团:优秀创新产品