动词ing形式用法小议
动词-ing形式用法小议(一)
动词-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时也有名词和形容词的特征，所以在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。本单元我们要学习的是动词-ing形式作主语、宾语、表语和定语的用法。
【例句呈现】
观察以下句子，注意动词-ing形式所作的成分及用法。
1. Listening to music is one of my favorite hobbies. 2. It’s no use talking to him; he won’t change his mind.
3. Joan suggested asking her father for his opinion.
4. He made a poor living by selling newspapers on the train.
5. His job is teaching physics in a local middle school.
6. The speech he made was encouraging indeed.
7. The reading room of our school library is big enough to hold 800 people.
8. You’d better not make so much noise. You might wake up the sleeping child. 9. The large building being built across the street will be a hospital. 10. The old man, having worked abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his
motherland.
【用法小结】
1. 在句1、句2中，动词-ing形式作主语:
表示一般或抽象的、经常性的动作。
在句型It’s + no use (no good, useless, a waste of time ...) + doing sth.中，it是形式主语，后面的动词-ing短语作真正的主语。
2. 在句3、句4中，动词-ing形式作宾语:
有些动词后常接动词-ing形式作宾语，常见的这类动词有:admit, consider, dislike,
avoid, enjoy, escape, mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practise等。
作介词的宾语。注意:在某些固定句型中，介词可以省略。如:sb. has difficulty (in) doing sth.。
3. 在句5、句6中，动词-ing形式作表语:
用来说明主语的内容。
表示主语所具有的性质、特征等。
4. 在句7至句10中，动词-ing形式作定语:
说明被修饰名词的用途，通常可以改为for短语。如:the reading room = the room for reading阅览室。再比如:reading materials阅读材料;a shopping bag购物袋;
an operating table手术台;a washing machine洗衣机等。
表示所修饰名词发出的动作，可以转换成对应的定语从句。如the sleeping child =
the child who is sleeping。
动词-ing形式一般式的被动语态(being done)作定语表示某动作正在被进行;
动词-ing形式完成式(having done)作定语表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的
动作之前。
【高考链接】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. All the staff in our company are considering _____ to the city centre for the fashion
show.(上海2007春)
A. to go B. going C. to have gone D. having gone 2. You can’t imagine what difficulty we had _____ home in the snowstorm. (辽宁
2007)
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking 3. Peter received a letter just now _____ his grandma would come to see him soon.
(四川2007)
A. said B. says C. saying D. to say 4. It is difficult to imagine his _____ the decision without any consideration. (陕西
2006)
A. accept B. accepting C. to accept D. accepted 5. The manager, _____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. (江西2005)
A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making 6. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _____ the answers ready will be of
great help.
(北京2005)
A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having
Key: 1-6 BDCBBD
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