基于ADAMS玉米移栽机顶出机构的设计与仿真

基于ADAMS玉米移栽机顶出机构的设计与仿真 基于ADAMS玉米移栽机顶出机构的设计与仿真 0 引言 玉米是我国第2大粮食作物，在粮食生产中占有重要地位。随着我国畜牧业和粮食加工业的飞速发展，玉米的需求量和种植面积逐年增加。2011年，玉米的种植面积超过3300万hm2，总产量超过了1.9亿t。玉米作为黑龙江省第1大农作物，2011年总产量达到2675.8万t，种植面积占全省的35%以上，总产量占全省的45%以上。因此，如何进一步提高我国玉米产量具有十分重要的意义。目前，移栽正成为一种提高玉米产量的措施，而我国真正意义上的玉米移栽仍处于发展阶段。近年来，移栽机械发展迅速，但大多为半自动移栽机型，针对玉米主要采取的是纸质钵苗移栽，采用人工喂苗的方式进行作业，劳动强度大，工作效率低，很难被大面积推广使用。国外研发的全自动移栽机由于价格昂贵未能在我国推广使用，所以研制一种全自动移栽机十分必要。全自动移栽的取苗方式主要有夹取式和顶出式两种。本文针对顶出式取苗移栽设计了一种自动连续整排顶出装置。 1 结构设计及工作原理 1.1 结构设计 全自动顶出式取苗机构设计为整排顶出，工作效率高，钵盘采用朔料质软钵可以弯曲。该自动顶出机构主要由U型支撑架、外援盘、内槽盘、顶杆、回位弹簧、滚子支架、滚子、主动轴、支架轴、钵盘托板、压轮和落苗机构等组成。为了保证每个滚子都能在内槽盘里各自的槽内运动，内槽盘的直径应为滚子支架直their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 径的2倍，顶杆个数应是滚子支架上滚子的2倍。工作时，滚子支架与外圆盘的传动比为2:1，其结构单体如图1所示。 1.2工作原理 内槽盘通过主动轴固装在U型支撑架的右侧内部上;滚子支架通过支架轴安装在U型支撑架的左侧内部上;外圆盘与内槽盘通过螺栓联接在一起，且内槽盘上的槽与外圆盘上的通孔对应安装;顶杆插装在外圆盘的通孔和内槽盘的槽内;回位弹簧套装在顶杆上，它的一端与顶杆的一端凸台接触配合，另一端与外圆盘的外边缘轴向定位接触配合;滚子套装在滚子支架上，并插入在内槽盘槽内，且与顶杆凸台一端依次接触或脱离配合。位于钵盘托板上的钵盘与外圆盘连续且匹配运动，此时位于钵盘里的钵苗被连续顶出，落在落苗机构的接板上，接板转动使钵苗能调整方向落入栽植机构中，从而完成自动取苗动作。 2 顶出机构的运动分析 根据顶出机构的结构设计，内槽盘内的滚子在被顶出最长的同时，滚子支架的外圈与内槽盘外圈相切，此时内槽盘外圈与滚子支架外圈在接触点处具有相同的角速度。由于滚子支架上有12个分支，每个分支上各有1个滚子，内槽盘上有24个槽，因而内槽盘转动1周，滚子支架转动2周。内槽盘转动角速度为?内，其方向为图中的逆时针方向，半径为r内，则滚子支架转动角速度为2w，半径为r内,2。取图中1位置为起始时刻，此时内槽盘的1个槽与滚子支架的1个分支重合，瞬时重合点线速度相同，如图2所示。 3全自动顶出式取苗机构的仿真分析 3.1 建立机构模型并导入ADAMS their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 在Solidworks中建立各零件三维实体模型，此时注意建立模型单位设置为“MMKS”，并将各个零件组装成装配图。图3是建立的全自动顶出式取苗机构装配图。将建好的顶出机构模型另存为Parasolid格式文件。 以该槽与该分支为研究对象，研究在一个周期内的重合点处该槽线速度仃大与该分支线速度移小的数值关系。 3.2全自动顶出式取苗机构 由X方向位移曲线可以看出，顶杆在1个运动周期内的运动规律为余弦三角函数曲线，最大值为150ram，最小值为-215ram;y方向位移曲线相对X方向位移曲线相差1/4T达到纵向位移最大值137.6ram;由X-Y位移全值曲线得出，顶杆运动在其周期内呈规律变化，在1/4T时达最大值215ram;由X和y方向速度时间曲线可以看出，顶杆运动呈周期性变化;由X—l，速度全值一时间曲线得出，在t= 1/4T时，顶杆速度大最大值1300mm/min，与理论计算相符合。 4结论 1)全自动顶出式取苗机构采用滚子顶出钵苗的结构设计，钵苗被连续均匀顶出到落苗机构。与传统一人工喂人相比，提高了钵苗移栽的均匀性和连续性。2)该机构在结构设计上有所创新，保证了每个滚子都能在内槽盘里各自的槽内运动，通过接板调节，保证钵苗顶出后垂直下落，移栽效果良好。 3)将顶出机构与配套机器配合，5排顶出单体各自同时以24次/rain速度将钵苗整排顶出，达到移栽效率要求。 4)经过ADAMS运动仿真分析 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 明，顶出机构可靠稳定，能够满足玉米钵苗移栽要求，为今后开展进一步研究打下了基础。 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development. 宫成宇8，赵 匀8，冯 江6，张 敏8(东北农业大学a(工程学院;b(电 气与信息学院，哈尔滨 150030) 2013年6月农机化研究第6期 their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development.