小学英语学科特点
分析
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一、英语学科的特点
英语既是一门记忆与实践紧密结合的语言学科,又是一门包罗万象、涉猎广泛的知识学科,同时还是一门集人生哲理与人类成长经验于一体的文学学科。学习英语可以帮助我们在学习语言知识的同时扩大知识面,把握时代脉搏,提升自身文化素养。 由于英语学习是记忆与实践的紧密结合体,学生自主学习在整个英语学习过程中便占到高达60%——70%的份额;而教师的方法点拨与语言知识传授却只占到30%——40%的份额。也就是说,小学英语试题的100分总分当中,学生需要通过自主学习才可以得到的分数是65——80分甚至更高。
英语学科有与其他学科一样的教学特点和难度,不一样的是它需要更多的习练时间。但是不管时间多紧,英语的单词,句子,段子听写是必不可少的。如果听写中出现作假和抄写成分,那不仅得不偿失,可能还会适得其反。
二、小学阶段的英语学习特点
1、以培养学生的看图阅读能力为主。即扩大阅读量,注重阅读方法。
2、以培养学生的语言
表
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达能力为辅,注重语言输出。
3、厚积薄发。
英语学习是一个先慢后快的进步过程,只要量的积累达到一定程度,必然会有质的飞跃;而这种飞跃往往是在不经意间获得的。
小学英语基础知识
1、26个字母(听、说、读、写过关)(所有的大写字母占上两格):
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
2、日常问候:
① Hello, Hi ② How are you? ③ How do you do? ④ Good morning. (afternoon, evening , night)
3、介绍自己:
① I am ______________.
② My name is_______________.
③ I’m from ______________.
④ I (don’t)like______________.
⑤ I can (can’t)______________.
4、人称代词及对应的形容词性物主代词。
第一人称
第二人称
第二人称
人称
I(我)we(我们)
you(你)you(你们)
he(他)she(她)it(它)they(他们)
物主
My(我的)Our(我们的)
your(你的)your(你们的)
his(他的)her(她的)its(它的)their(他们的)
宾格
me(我)us(我们)
you(你)you(你们)
him(他)her(她)it(它)them(他们)
5、be/系动词 am , is , are 及用法: 我用am,你用are,is连着他、她、它。
I am …
You are …
He(she , it) is ….
6、1——20的数词:
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty.
7、姓名及年龄问答:
(1) -What’s your name? -What’s his name? -What’s her name?
-My name is______. -His name is_____. -Her name is _____.
-I am ___________. -He is __________. -She is __________.
(2) -How old are you? -How old is he? -How old is she?
-I’m __________. -He is _______. -She is _______.
8、时间: 年、季节、月、星期、日、时
(1)Year: 1982,1998,2001,
(2)Season: spring, summer, autumn, winter.
(3)Month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.
(4) Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.
(5) Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd ( May the second)
(6)Time: What time is it? It’s ______ o’clock. It’s half past ______.
9、颜色问答:
What color is it? It’s red (white, black, blue, green, pink, orange, yellow…)
10、实义动词“有” have, has:
I have …….我有……. You have …….你(们)有……. They have……他们有……
He has …….他有……. She has ……. 她有……. It has……它有…….
11、代词
this(这个), these(这些), that(那个), those(那些), what(什么).
12、There be 句型:
There is … / There are …
13、特殊疑问句:
What(什么), When(何时), Who(谁), Where(哪里), Why(为什么), How many(有多少)
相关句型: (1) What’s thirty and forty? It’s seventy.
(2) When are we going to eat? We are going to eat at half past twelve.
(3) Who is that woman? She is our English teacher.
(4) Where are you from? I am from China.
(5) Why are you crying? Because I am sad.
(6) How old are you? I’m twelve.
(7) How much is it? It’s 50 yuan.
(8) How many cars have you got? I have got 6 cars.
(9) How long is the Great Wall? It’s about six thousands seven hundreds kilometers.
(10) How big is Beijing? Beijing has got about fourteen millions people.
14、be going to…,will …(打算、将要)句型:
I am going to go to school. / It will be windy in Beijing.
15、特殊问句(问什么,答什么)
Do you …? ( Does he/she …? ) Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. ( Yes’ he does. / No, he doesn’t. )
Have you got …? ( Has he got …? ) Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. ( Yes’ he has. / No, he hasn’t. )
Can you …? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
Is there a book? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
16、祈使句:(直接以动词开头,带有命令、要求或劝告的语气)
Don’t talk in the library!
Please be quiet!
Stop! Don’t go!
17、名词单数变复数
(1)规则变化:名词单数变复数,一般加-s没有错。
词尾s, x, sh, ch,直接加上-es。
f, fe为结尾,加-s之前要变ve。
"辅音字母+y"来结尾,y变i再加-es没问题。
部分词尾字母若是o,加-es有tomato和potato。
(2)不规则变化:不规则变化要特别记,oo常常变ee, foot -feet;男人、女人a改e, man→men; 特殊child→children等。
(3)不可数名词的复数使用原型。如:water, juice, soup, bread, rice, meat, cheese, fish, sheep…
18、四种简单时态:
一般现在时:I play football.
一般将来时:be going to…/…will …句型: I am going to go to school.
It will be windy in Beijing.