计算机的基本组成及工作原理 教案

计算机的基本组成及工作原理 教案 中职数学基础模块教案 下载北师大版¥1.2次方程的根与系数的关系的教案关于坚持的教案初中数学教案下载电子教案下载 计算机的基本组成及工作原理教学设计 一、教学内容分析: 1. 本节是甘肃人民出自版出版的《信息技术》七年级上册第模块二的第2节课《计算机的基本组成及其工作原理》，授课为1课时。本节内容既是前面学习内容的自然延伸，又是后面学习内容的前期准备，起着承上启下的作用。 2. 本节内容针对七年级学生的知识水平和接受能力，对计算机原理进行介绍，学生通过对计算机感性的认识，了解计算机系统的各个组成部分，为学生学习后继知识打下坚实的基础。 3. 本节内容知识点多、理论性强，抽象不好理解，这节课能否讲得生动易懂，关键在于能否激发学生学习的热情。 二、学生情况分析: 七年级的学生，从知识结构来看，学生普遍接触过计算机，对计算机的组成有一定的了解;从心理特点来看，他们好奇心强，渴望获得教师的认同。作为老师只要充分注意到这一点，讲解演示过程中注意讲懂、讲透，并且注意在学生遇到问题时用情感激励法来鼓励学生克服困难，勇于探索的精神。 七年级的学生有一定的电脑操作能力，喜欢动手操作，但对理论课热情不足、学习积极性、主动性不高。 其次，学生的学习情况不一，通常中等生多有偏科现象，学困生在学习上则呈现一定的惰性和怕动脑状况。 三、教学目标: 知识与能力目标 1.了解计算机系统的基本组成; 2.了解运算器、控制器、存储器的功能; 3.掌握输入输出设备与计算机系统关系。 过程与方法目标 1.培养学生学会观察与归纳的能力; 2.通过自主学习、合作学习培养学生学习能力。 情感态度与价值观目标 1.培养学生信息技术的兴趣; 2.增强学生学习信息技术信心。 四、重点难点: 根据教材内容和学生当前掌握的知识水平，确定如下教学 重难点 通信管道工程重难点分析投标重难点分析及解决措施景观重难点通信管道监理工作重难点分析体适能课程总规划及学习重难点 : 重点 1.掌握计算机系统的五大基本组成部分 2.认识计算机核心部件CPU。 难点: 1.了解计算机系统各个组成部分的关系、功能; 2.系统软件与应用软件的区别、主存储器与辅助存储器的区别。 五、教学方法: 讲授法、观察法、讨论法、赏识教育法 六、教学准备: and actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; property using situation, rental or use; reference around similar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following information: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge assessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing various types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial position and actual control of credit, property, and more 硬件设备 1.教学电脑、投影仪、语音系统 2.计算机硬件实物(CPU、内存条、硬盘) 软件资源 1.教学前准备的课件 2.各类展示图片、动画等 七、教学过程: 环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图 同学们经常使用qq视频聊天，那么 视频聊天中使用的最主要的设备是 什么呢, 摄像头只是计算机硬件设备中的一学生:是摄像头 创设学习情创设种，计算机还有很多组成部分，通 景，设置悬情境 过本节课我们一起了解一下。 念，激发学生 学生:思考 新的求知欲 望 让学生明确 展示 本课要掌握展现教学目标: 目标 (1)了解计算机组成各部分的名称此环节学生需要进行简单的的知识点，这 和作用。 明确识记 样学习才更(2)知道什么是计算机软件，了解 方向 有方向性、目计算机软件的作用。 的性 计算机又称为“电脑”，这是 一种比喻，就好像用电的大脑一样， 是人脑的延伸和扩充。因此，为了 更好理解计算机各部件的作用，以 下先来了解人体各部位的功能，做 师生 一个类比。 交互 老师:人体的哪一部分能够进行计类比学生:是人脑; 算，是人脑，还是四肢或五官, 教学 以人体为比 老师:我们每个人都能记住自己的 喻，帮助学生名字，人体的哪一部分能够进行记 建立计算机忆，是人脑，还是四肢或五官, 学生:是人脑; 各部件与功 老师:人脑能命令我们的四肢和五 能的对应关and actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; property using situation, rental or use; reference around similar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following information: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge assessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing various types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial position and actual control of credit, property, and more 官作出各种活动，是整个人体的指学生:不行。(他没办法说话系。 挥中心。那么一个人光有大脑没有走路和写字等) 四肢和五官行不行, 老师:是啊～人脑再重要，也必须 依靠四肢和五官将自己的功能发挥 得尽善尽美。 将计算机各部件的功能与人体小组讨论计算机各个部件和各部位的作用建立形象对照。 人的器官的对应关系。 老师:计算机也同人一样，有相当 于大脑的核心部件，也有相当于四 肢和五官的外围设备和辅助部件。 我们先来介绍计算机的大脑CPU。 (1) 计算机的“大脑”CPU 首先向学生引出计算机的核心 部件——中央处理器CPU，重点对学生观察 CPU在计算机中的核心地位和主要 功能向学生作全面阐述。并通过实 物展示，向学生说明它其实是由运 算器和控制器放在一个芯片上构成 的，紧接着分别用一句话介绍运算 器和控制器的功能。此时，老师可 以把展示的实物在全班进行传递， 探究在此环节中，以便让学生更好地观察CPU，同时， 学习 通过讲授法再向学生介绍目前主流的CPU的生 和观察法，可产厂商，并进一步向学生说明，通 以让学生及常情况下，CPU是决定一台计算机 时掌握存储档次的关键，突出CPU在计算机中 器这一知识，的重要地位。 并且加深他 通过比较我们国家的CPU的生 们对存储设产制作水平与国外的差距，激发学 备的印象，从生的爱国热情和学习动力。 学生可以适当讨论交流 而达到突出(2) 计算机的存储器 教学重点的 and actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; property using situation, rental or use; reference around similar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following information: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge assessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing various types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial position and actual control of credit, property, and more 教师通过下面这个问题向学生目的 引出存储器这一概念。 老师:“计算机运行时，除了要执 学生思考 行大量的运算工作以外，往往还需 要存储大量的信息和数据，那他们 是保存在哪里的呢, 紧接着向学生介绍按用途可以 分为主存储器和辅助存储器。简要 说明完存储器的分类和内存在计算现实生活中， 人们往往不机中所起作用以后，把内存条的实 能分辨计算 物向全班学生展示，还可以让学生机内存与其学生观察讨论，区别计算机内他电子设备对内存在计算机中的地位作简要了 存储器的区存与手机等电子设备存储器解。 别，这里可以的区别 老师:“计算机把暂时不执行的程从实物上做 区别 序和数据存放于外存当中，如果计 算机需要执行外存中存放的程序或 调用外存中的数据，那么计算机将 把这些程序或数据从外存取出并放 到高速的内存中去供CPU使用” 最后用一句话对存储器这一板 块知识做出 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 老师:“和内存相比，外存的容量 学生:动手计算容量单位之间更大，但存取信息的速度却比内存 的换算 慢的多。” (3)计算机的输入/出设备 老师:“好，到现在为止，我们已 经认识了硬件系统中的中央处理器 和存储器，现在请大家想一下，当 我们要让计算机完成一件事情时， 是通过什么将这个命令告诉计算机 and actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; property using situation, rental or use; reference around similar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following information: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge assessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing various types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial position and actual control of credit, property, and more 的呢,而当计算机完成这件事情 通过提后，又是通过什么将计算结果呈现 问，帮助学生 出来的呢,” 及时理清了(4)计算机的软件 老师:“到现在为止，计算机的硬学习思路，又学生思考并回答。 件系统我们已经有了一个整体的认将教学内容 识。一台计算机要能正常使用，除自然引入到 了硬件，还必须有软件，硬件和软输入、输出设 件是互不相离的两个部分，离开了备上来。 谁，整个电脑都无法使用。” 可先由学生之间进行讨论并 得出哪些是他们认为的输入、通过将硬件和软件的关系比喻为 输出设备，鼓励学生积极发人的躯体和思想，并配合生动的图言，再由教师对他们的讨论结片展示让学生了解硬件和软件之间果进行概括和纠正，对回答正 确的学生加以表扬，肯定他们重要的依存关系以及软件在计算机 的学习成果。同时，还可以通中不可缺少的地位，由此进入对软过图片的展示加深学生的理 解和记忆。 件系统的学习: 学生举例常用软件 通过一个简单的图示让学生了 解哪些是常用的系统软件和应用软 件; 计算机系统的组成的填空题; 学生练习完毕后，教师作简单学生完成练习 点评，对表现出色的学生加以表扬，及时帮助学实践 生理清学习要及时肯定他们的学习成果，通过应用 思路，进一步这种课堂教学评价方式，保持了学突出本节课 的教学重点 生的积极性和良好的学习热情。 通过板 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 和多媒体课件向学生指 小结 出，一个完整的计算机系统由硬件 和软件两大部分所组成。 and actual case whether match; by is located land right nature; property status, whether has damage or quality problem; property using situation, rental or use; reference around similar property price, judge assessment value of rationality; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, and demolition, and transformation, limit situation. 2. to land right mortgage of, survey people should verified following information: land right card by contains Ming information (right people, and location, and nature, and term, and area,) and actual case whether match; land nature; land flat situation; ground buildings situation; reference around similar land price, judge assessment value of rationality; mortgage real whether has other mortgage right or notice registration established prior; whether exists property disputes, and seized, and freeze, and mortgage, limit situation. 3. other chattels, ownership, the value of the mortgage should be implemented, and whether factors such as easy handling. (C) pledge of collateral investigation procedures, investigators should enforce collateral value, convenience custody and disposition, pledge rights effective identification, registration, etc. (D) guarantee investigation to ensure that the procedures, the investigation shall, in accordance with the borrower's standards to investigate the guarantor evaluation assurance. 15th information audit survey people deal with borrowers and qualification provided by the guarantor, financial status, proof of identity, the authenticity of the data carefully reviewed, verified, rationality and effectiveness. Include: (a) the borrower data auditing 1. corporate clients should focus on assessing various types of licenses, certificates, financial reporting, powers of Attorney and other text and a real plea related information. 2. small business class customers also should focus on the review of the borrower to provide evidence of business, financial position and actual control of credit, property, and more