东山小学三年级下册科学复习资料

东山小学三年级下册科学复习资料 东山小学 三年级下册 科学复习资料 第一单元:植物的生长变化 1、植物在它们的生命过程中，都要经历出生、成长、繁殖、衰老直至死亡的过程。 2、有些植物可以用根、茎、叶来繁殖后代。但我们熟悉的绿色开花植物几乎都是从种子开始它们的新生命的。 3、不同植物的种子，它们的形状、大小、颜色、种皮等外部特征各不相同。但种子的里面 是相同的，都有胚(胚根、胚芽和子叶)。种子由种皮和胚组成。 4、播种凤仙花前的准备工作(是什么,):1、准备一些凤仙花的种子;2、查阅凤仙花的有 关资料，了解凤仙花的栽培方法。3、准备播种所需要的材料和工具。 5、种植植物是一项长期的观察研究活动，需要做好管理、观察和记录等多项工作。写观察 日记的方式有:文字、图画和照片等。 6、播种凤仙花的方法是选种、放土、下种、浇水。播种植物时要注意:1、要挑选那些饱满的、没有受过损伤的种子;2、要将一块小瓦片放在花盆的出水处，放入适量的土;3、种子放在深度约1厘米的小坑后再用土盖上;4、最后浇上适量的水放在温暖处;(已经成株的植物要等土壤差不多干时再浇花，要浇就要浇透。我们给凤仙花浇水时，一般可以往凤仙花周围的土壤上浇水。) 7、 通过观察，我们发现种子萌发先长根，再长茎和叶;植物的根总是向下生长，根的生长速度很快(每天约5毫米)。植物的根能够吸收水分和矿物质，还能将植物固定在土壤中。 8、植物的 绿叶 可以 制造 植物生长所需要的 养料 。植物叶都是平展的，且在植株上是交叉生长的，这有利于接受更多的阳光。凤仙花种子萌发时，最先出土的第一对“叶子”是由子叶发育而成的。第一对“叶子”和以后长出的叶子是不同的。(没有后长出的叶子大。) 9、多数植物可以制造自己生长所需要的养料，这些养料是由植物的绿叶依靠阳光提供能量利用二氧化碳和水制成的。 1771年，英国科学家普里斯特利发现绿色植物可以更新空气。绿色植物中的叶绿体能够利用光，把二氧化碳和水转化成养料， 阳光 并释放出氧气来，这是植物的光合作用。 二氧化碳，水——?氧气，养料 10、植物的茎具有支撑植物及运输水分和养料的作用。运输水分和矿物质的方向是从下向上，运输养料的方向是从上向下。植物生长初期茎的生长速度较快，中期生长速度最快，后期较慢最后几乎停滞。 11、在植物生长过程中，花要经过花开花谢的过程，花凋谢后结果;花包括花萼、花瓣、雄蕊、雌蕊几部分;果实是由花的雌蕊发育而成的;果实中有种子。 12、凤仙花的植株是由根、茎、叶、花、果实、种子组成的。叶缘有小锯齿，叶柄肉质多汁。果实呈纺锤形，有白色茸毛，成熟时果皮能裂开，颜色由绿色变成黄褐色。种子是球形的，呈褐色。一株凤仙花大概能结出二十多个果实，每个果实一般有十七八粒种子。 13、凤仙花的主要生长过程:播种? 发芽? 出苗? 开花 ? 结果?形成种子这几个过程。 14、植物生长会发育出 根、茎、叶、花、果实、种子 等器官。植物生长发育需要 阳光、土壤、适宜的水分和温度。种子萌发的条件是:水分、温度和空气。 15、绿色开花植物生长一般都经历一定的生命周期:种子发芽、幼苗生长、营养生长、开花结果。 16、凤仙花又叫指甲花、芨芨草、急性子和“别碰我”，原产于我国、印度和马来西亚 。 17、任何植物的茎上都有节，它是茎最本质的特征。在看不到节时，可以根据什么地方长叶子来确定节的位置，因为叶是生长在节上的。凤仙花等植物的茎垂直地面向上生长，这样的茎叫 直立茎 ;牵牛花的茎缠绕在其他物体上向上生长，这样的茎叫 缠绕茎 ;葡萄的茎攀缘在其他物体上生长，叫 攀缘茎 ;红薯的茎平卧地面蔓延生长，叫 匍匐茎 。 18、研究植物根的作用的实验: 实验材料:油、试管、水，有根的一株植物; 实验步骤:1.在试管中加入适量水，把植物根浸入水中，2.在水面滴些植物油，并在水面处做标记。3.每天定时进行观察记录 1 实验结果:我发现试管中的水在慢慢( 减少 )。水量变化说明了什么, 实验结论:植物的根( 具有 )吸收水分的作用。 19、在三个密闭的透明玻璃钟罩内放入一些生物。1号钟罩内是一盆不缺水的绿叶植物;2号钟罩内是提供了充足食物和水的小老鼠;3号钟罩内是一盆不缺水的绿叶植物和有充足食物和水的小老鼠。任选一个钟罩分析钟罩生物会出现的现象和原因。 第二单元:动物的生命周期 1、蚕的生命是从蚕卵开始的，蚕卵是有生命的。蚕卵是扁圆形的(或近似圆形)，像芝麻(像小米粒)那么大。蚕卵 看上去很，宽约1毫米，厚约0. 5毫米。刚产下的蚕卵是淡黄色或黄色的，经1-2天变成淡红、浅褐，再经3-4天变成灰绿或紫黑色，以后不再发生变化。蚕卵的中心处是凹下去。有黄色的卵，那可能是未受精的卵，是不会孵出小蚕来的。如果是白色的卵，那是已经孵出小蚕的空卵壳，如果仔细观察，在空卵壳上还会发现有小孔。蚕卵的颜色变化:淡黄色--玫瑰红色—紫黑色。快要孵化出蚕宝宝的蚕卵颜色是紫黑色的。蚕卵的孵化需要适宜的 温度 和 湿度 。在放蚕卵的盒子上要扎些小孔，因为 蚕卵需要呼吸。刚从卵里孵出来的小蚕叫蚁蚕。蚕的生命周期大约为56天。 2、养蚕窍门四步骤。?移动„?桑叶新鲜„?“房间”清洁„?不喷杀虫剂 3、为什么要在蚕窝上扎小孔，洒水,(因为这样能够保证蚕窝内的含氧量，以及提高蚕对桑叶的采食量和吸收率。) 4、小蚕爱吃桑叶，桑叶要新鲜并保持干燥，要保持小蚕“房间”的清洁，把小蚕放在空气流通的地方。食物、气温、有害气体、疾病等都会影响蚕的生存。蚕长到一定阶段会长出新皮～换下旧皮～这叫蜕皮。蚕的一生总共要蜕6次皮，其中幼虫期要蜕4次皮。小蚕与其他动物一样，也是需要一定生活条件的，我们要满足它的生活条件，它才会生长得好。如需要空气、需要食物、需要一定的温度等。养蚕的盒盖上要扎小孔，给蚕提供空气。养蚕适宜的温度是室温。 5、蚕的一生要经历:蚕卵-蚕-蛹-蚕蛾四个不同形态的变化。蚕是蚕的生命周期中的幼虫，蚕蛾是蚕的成虫。所以蚕的一生为:卵--幼虫—蛹—成虫。然后从卵开始又产生一个新的循环。 6、蚕宝宝的外形特征:形态是圆筒形的，蚕的身体由许多环节组成，身体分为头、胸、腹三部分，两侧各分布着6只黑褐色的单眼，下方具咀嚼式口器，下唇中间有1个小孔，为吐丝孔。胸部三对足，能协助口器把持桑叶。腹部五对足，帮助身体运动。后端的背侧有一个突起，称尾角。身体两侧有小黑点是蚕的呼吸器官(气门)，蜕皮之前，蚕不吃食物，头胸部昂起，不再运动，好像睡着一样，这样的现象叫做“眠”。 7、蚕到了五龄末期体现出老熟的特征:先是排出的粪便由硬变软，由墨绿色变成叶绿色;食欲减退，食桑量下降;前部消化管空虚，胸部呈透明状;继而完全停食，体躯缩短，腹部也趋向透明，蚕体头胸部昂起，口吐丝缕，左右上下摆动寻找营茧场所。 8、蚕蛹的体形粗短，身体呈纺锤形，分为头、胸、腹三个部分，长有黑色的眼睛，眼睛下面有一对触角的原始体。胸部长有胸足、腹足、尾足消失。胸部、腹部都有环节。胸部背面有一盾片，从盾片生出两对翅。鼓鼓的腹部长有9个环节，从第2个-7个腹节两侧都有发达的气门。体色呈褐色。蚕蛹被茧包裹，茧能起到保护蛹的作用。 9、蚕蛹经过10—15天会变成蚕蛾，蚕蛾全身披着白色鳞毛，身体分为头、胸、腹三部分，头上长着眼睛和1对触角，口器退化。胸部长着两对翅和三对足。由于两对翅较小，已失去飞翔能力，腹部已无腹足，末端体节演化为外生殖器。 10、雌蛾和雄蛾的区别:雌蛾体大，触角灰色，腹部肥大，翅短小，爬行慢;雄蛾体小，触角黑色，腹部狭长，翅大，爬行较快，翅振动飞快，腹部后端稍突起，翅稍举起。 11、蚕茧用热水浸泡，用竹签把丝头挑出来，将丝一圈一圈地绕在纸板上，就可以知道丝有多长(一个蚕茧的蚕丝可达1500米左右)。在蚕茧内，除蛹外，还有一层蜕掉的皮。养蚕、抽取蚕丝织成丝绸，是我国古代伟大的发明之一。 12、昆虫的特征是:身体分为头、胸、腹三部分，头上有一对触角，胸部有三对足。 2 13、蚕蛾是昆虫吗,为什么,答:是,因为蚕蛾的身体分为头、胸、腹三部分，头上有一对触角，胸部有三对足。 14、动物分类方法2种:一种按变态和不变态分类;另一种按卵生和胎生(由有母亲直接生下)分类,有些动物幼年期和成年期的样子很不相同，从一种形态变成了另外一种形态，这种变化叫做变态。根据发育过程中是否有蛹期可以把绝大多数昆虫分为完全变态和不完全变态两大类～完全变态的昆虫一生和蚕一样～要经历卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫四种形态～蜜蜂、蚂蚁、苍蝇、蚊子、跳蚤、蝴蝶、蛾子和以及各种甲虫都是完全变态。不完全变态的昆虫一生经历卵、幼虫和成虫三个阶段～通常体型小、没有翅膀。如蝗虫、螳螂、蜻蜓、蚕、蟑螂、蚜虫、虱子等都是不完全变态的。 15、常见的昆虫:蜜蜂、蚂蚁、苍蝇、蚊子、蝴蝶、甲虫、蝗虫、蟋蟀、螳螂、蜻蜓、蝉、蟑螂等都属于变态的。青蛙和蟾蜍也属于变态的。从卵孵化而来:蚊子、苍蝇、蝗虫、鱼、青蛙、鸡 。 由母亲直接生下来:猫、狗、人、牛、猪。 16、地球上已经知道的动物有150多万种，他们都有自己的生命周期，人和动物一样也具有自己的生命周期。也都要经历出生、生长发育、繁殖、死亡四个阶段。不同动物在生长过程中的形态、变化、繁殖方式各不相同，寿命的长短也不相同。我们人按年龄段可以分为儿童、青年、中年、老年。15岁以下称为儿童(其中不满1岁的为婴儿，12岁一15岁的为少年)，16岁至35岁称青年，36岁至60岁称中年，60岁以上称老年。 17、人和动物的寿命与环境、生存条件有关。人的一生有两副牙齿，一副(乳牙)，一副(恒牙);人的牙齿生长过程分为:乳牙、混合牙、恒牙三个阶段。 18、人的一生中有两个时期长的最快:第一个时期是出生前后即胎儿期到1岁～第二个周期是青春发育期即10岁到20岁间。在人的生长发育过程中～不仅身高和体重增长很快,身体的各部分都有明显变化～青春期是从童年到成年的过度阶段,是生长发育的重要时期。合理膳食～足够的营养～加强体育锻炼是保证我们正常生长发育的重要条件。 蚕 的 一 生 外形特征 行动 食物 时间(天) 卵 圆形，黑紫色，不会不吃食物 得到蚕卵的第2天~第 像小米粒大小。 动 5天就孵出蚁蚕 蚕 圆筒形、身体有 吃桑叶，随 环节，从黑褐色爬行 着身体不断33天~35天 逐渐变成白色，长大，食量 从约1毫米长也逐渐增 到8厘米左右。 大。 蛹 椭圆形、酱色 一般不吃食物 10天~13天 不动， 受到 刺激 会动。 蚕蛾 白色，身体分为不会不吃食物 6天~8天 头、胸、腹三部飞，能 分，头上有触振动 角，胸部有三对双翅 足，长出翅。 3 共计56天 多少 天 鸟类、昆虫、哺乳动物、鱼类，它们的生命周期和寿命如下表所示 动物名称 生命周期( 流程 快递问题件怎么处理流程河南自建厂房流程下载关于规范招聘需求审批流程制作流程表下载邮件下载流程设计 图) 生命周期的时间 鸡 卵?雏鸡?成鸡 约14年 蝴蝶 卵?幼虫?蛹?成虫 约20年 蜻蜓 卵?幼虫?成虫 约1年 山羊 小羊?成羊 约15年 熊猫 幼仔?成年熊猫 约20年 鱼(鲤鱼) 卵?幼鱼?成年鱼 约50年 各年龄段人的身体变化特点 年龄段 身体变化的特点 儿童 从出生开始，身高、体重不断增加，身体各器官功能不断增强，各 种能力不断发展。 青年 生长速度变慢，到20岁左右基本停止生长;各器官功能完善、成 熟;可以结婚、生子了。 中年 生长已经停止，器官的功能开始减退。 老年 各器官开始衰老，功能逐渐衰竭，直到死亡。 第三单元 温度和温度计 1、物体的冷热程度叫温度，它的单位通常用摄氏度(?)表示。要比较准确地知道物体的冷热程度，可以借助于温度计进行测量。常用液体温度计是利用玻璃管内的液体热胀冷缩的性质来测量温度的。 2、测量物体温度时要根据不同测量对象，选择合适的温度计。我们知道的温度计有水温计、室温计、体温计、高温计 、数字温度计等，一般的室内温度计量程:—30?—50?，测量的最小刻度是1?。温度计要小心拿放，谨防破裂。 温度计由玻璃管、玻璃泡、液柱构成，玻璃管上边有刻度。 水烧开时的温度大致是100?;水结冰时的温度是 0 ?。 3、用温度计前要弄清楚的3个问题:?是什么温度计,单位,?每个刻度是多少,?测量的最高、最低温度是多少,读数:25摄氏度可以写成25?，25?可以读为25摄氏度。(零下摄氏度的读写:—25?可以读为零下25摄氏度) 4、意大利科学家伽利略发明了世界第一只温度计。英国医生阿尔伯特发明了体温计。测量人体温度的温度计叫 体温计。体温计的刻度一般在35?--42?之间，每一摄氏度细分成10个小格，所以温度计上的每一刻度表示0.1?.人的正常体温平均在36?--37?之间，超过这个温度就是发热。 5、温度计越往下数字越大，说明是零摄氏度以下，读数时要从上往下数，写温度时前面加“—”，表示零下。温度计越往下数字越小，说明是零摄氏度以上，读数时从下往上数。 6、测量水温的方法:(1)手拿温度计的上端。(2)将温度计下端浸入水中，不能碰到容器的底与壁。(3)视线与温度计液面持平。(4)在液体不再上升或下降时读数。(5)读数时温度计不能离开被测的水。 4 7、冰跟水相比:冰的特点是有固定形状，不会流动，坚硬。冰和水都无色、无味道、无气味、透明、有一定体积。水的特点是没有固定形状，会流动，柔软。水变成冰后体积变大，能浮在水面。在碎冰里加入较多的食盐可以制造更低的温度。 8、对一个物体来说，物体失去热量，温度下降;物体获得热量，温度上升。通过测量一个物体的温度变化可以知道这个物体失去热量还是获得热量。 9、在实验“水在什么温度时结冰”，给杯子外面裹一块干毛巾是为了保温。在碎冰里加入食盐是为了盐融化时可以吸收周围冰的热量，从而可以制造更低的温度。 10、加快冰的融化的方法:(1)把冰放到温度更高的地方。(2)把冰放到阳光下晒。(3)用手把冰焐化。(4)把冰放到热水中。(5)用扇子对着冰扇热风。 11、水变成水蒸气的过程叫做蒸发。加热能加快水的蒸发。水在什么情况下蒸发得快:(1)温度越高，水蒸发得越快。(2)空气越干燥，水蒸发得越快。 (3)有风吹，水蒸发得越快。(4)液体的表面积越大，水蒸发得越快。 12、水在自然界有液态、固态、气态三种存在状态，水的状态变化与热量有关。当环境温度低于0摄氏度，水的温度下降到0摄氏度时，开始结冰，从液体状态变成了固体状态。水在结冰过程中，要向周围放出热量。当环境温度高于0摄氏度，冰的温度升至0摄氏度时开始融化;冰在融化过程中，冰水混合在一起，温度会长时间保持在0摄氏度，直至完全融化成水。冰在融化过程中，要从周围吸收热量，热量是使水的状态发生变化的重要因素。水蒸气遇冷会凝结成水。 13、为何盛冰的玻璃杯外壁有水珠:因为玻璃杯周围空气中的水蒸气，遇冷的杯壁，凝结成看得见得小水滴。 14、冰的温度上升变成水的过程叫融化。空气中的水蒸气冷却变成看得见的水滴，这种现象叫做凝结。冰棍附近的“白气”实际上是一些小水珠，是空气中的水蒸汽遇冷形成的。 15、水在自然界有各种形态一云、雾、雨、露、霜、雪、冰、水蒸气„„即水在自然界同时以存在。 云:水蒸气受冷凝结而成的小水珠，飘浮在高空 ; 露:水蒸气遇到冷凝结在所接触的物体上; 雾:水蒸气受冷凝结而成的小水珠，飘浮在低空;霜:低空的水蒸气在0?以下受冷变化成的冰晶 ; 雪:高空的水蒸气在0?以下受冷变化成的冰晶; 水形态变化的过程及发生变化的条件 水的形态 变化的过程 变化的条件 霜 水蒸气(气体)?冰晶(固体) 温度降到0?以下 雪 水蒸气(气体)?冰晶(固体) 温度降到0?以下 冰 水(液体)?冰晶(固体) 温度降到0?以下 露 水蒸气(气体)?水(液体) 温度下降(0?以上) 云 水蒸气(气体)?水(液体) 温度下降(0?以上) 雾 水蒸气(气体)?水(液体) 温度下降(0?以上) 16、水在自然界有不同形态，有时是液态，有时是 固态，有时是气态。 水在自然界不断经历着三种状态的 循环变化，促使水的三态变化的原因是温度(或热量) 的变化。水的三种状态之间可以互相转化，这使水在自 5 然界中产生了循环运动。 17、装满碎冰的玻璃杯外壁上有许多小水珠，玻璃杯外壁上的小水珠从哪里来, 答:空气中有大量的水蒸气，盛冰的玻璃杯使它周围的空气中的水蒸气冷却下来，因而在杯壁上形成了小水滴。 18、如果在冰中加入大量的盐，会有什么现象发生, 答:玻璃杯壁上就会出现一层冰霜，是因为冰中放盐后使冰的温度降低，空气中的水蒸气遇到0摄氏度以下的玻璃杯就直接变成了小冰晶。 19、江河中的水日夜不停地流入海洋，海洋里的水却总也不会溢出来，江河里的水也一直流不完，这是什么原因, 答:因为水的形态是可以转化的，水能三态循环。也就是江河、海洋中的水经过蒸发后形成水蒸气，水蒸气遇冷又形成雨，雨水又会流回江河中，如此进行循环。 ) 第四单元 磁铁 1、磁铁能吸引铁制的物体，这种性质叫磁性。一般情况下，磁铁的磁力大小是固定的(比较磁力大小，可以用磁铁吸引回形针的数量来判断。)。磁铁有各种各样的形状(条形、U形(蹄形)、环形、圆饼形等)，因为它们有不同的用途。磁铁不能吸引铜、铝等其他很多金属。(钴镍可以被吸引) 2、磁铁隔着一些物体也能吸铁。(铁质物和其他物品分开，可以采用磁铁吸铁质物的方法。) 3、磁铁磁力两端强，中间弱，磁铁上磁力最强的部分叫磁极，磁铁有两个磁极。 4、磁铁能指南北方向。指南的磁极叫南极，用“S”表示;指北的磁极叫北极，用“N”表示。 5、两块磁铁的磁极相互接近时，有时会往一块吸，叫相互吸引;有时会往两边推，叫相互排斥。(我们称为同极相斥，异极相吸) 6、两块磁铁吸合在一起，磁力会增大;把相互排斥的两个磁极结合在一起，磁力会减小。 7、指南针是利用磁铁能指南北的性质制成的指示方向的仪器。指南针是我国四大发明之一。一般的指南针都由磁针和方位盘等组成。2000多年前，我国古人制成了“司南”。 8、用指南针定方向的方法:(1)把指南针盒放平，让磁针自由转动。(2)待磁针停止摆动后，转动指南针盒，使方位盘上标明的南(S)，北(N)方向与磁针指的南、北方向一致。(3)对照方位盘确定出各个方向。 9、指南针方位盘上字母的含义是:N—北;S—南;W—西;E—东;NE—东北;SE—东南;SW—西南;NW—西北。 10、做指南针可以用钢针、铁钉等物。用磁铁的磁极在钢针(或铁钉)上沿一个方向摩擦，重复做20次—30次。然后要标明南、北极。 11、磁悬浮列车是利用磁铁同极相斥的磁力悬浮起来的。 12、磁铁具有什么性质, 答:(1)磁铁能吸引铁;(2)当磁铁的两极相互接近时，同极相斥异极相吸;(3)磁铁还能指示南北，指南的一端叫南极，用S表示，指北的一端叫北极，用N表示。 13、指南针的制作原理: 答:一个能够自由转动的磁铁，静止时，总是一端指南，一端指北。我们把指南的一端叫南极，用S表示，指北的一端叫北极，用N表示，指南针就是根据磁铁指南北的性质制成的。 14、当磁针的N极和条形磁铁的一个极接近时，磁针被吸引，这表明磁铁的这一端是什么极,并说明理由。 答:表明磁铁的这一端是_S_极。因为同极相互排斥，异极相互吸引。只有磁针的N极和条形磁铁的S_极接近时，才会相互吸引。所以说条形磁铁的这一端是S极。 15、用指南针定方向的方法是: (1)把指南针盒放平，让磁针自由转动。(2)待磁针停止摆动后，转动指南针盒，使方位盘上标明的南(S)、北(N)方向与磁针指的南、北方向一致。(3)对照方位盘确定出各个方向。 16、你知道哪些物体上有磁铁,冰箱门、扬声器(喇叭)、耳机、电话、麦克风(话筒)等。 6 部分综合题: 1、把一只老鼠和一盆花放在一个密闭的玻璃罐内，放在阳光下，老鼠会憋死吗, 不会，因为老鼠会呼出二氧化碳，而绿色植物的叶子能利用光把二氧化碳和水转化成养料，并释放出氧气供老鼠呼吸。 2、如果在冰中加入大量的盐，会有什么现象发生, 玻璃杯壁上出现一层冰霜。因为冰中放盐后使冰的温度降低，空气中的水蒸气遇到0?以下的玻璃杯就直接变成了小冰晶。 3、冰与水的相同点和不同点: 相同点:它们都是同一种物质，都是无色、无味、透明的物体，并且有一定的体积。 不同点:冰有固定的形状、很冷，不会流动，很坚硬，是固体。水没有固定的形状、较凉、会流动、是液体。水变成冰后体积变大，能浮在水面。 4、在生活中，我们经常可以看到有门的地方常常装有“门吸”，“门吸”里面有什么,它是根据什么原理发挥作用的呢, 答:“门吸”里有磁铁，它是根据“磁铁隔着一些物体也能吸引铁”的原理发挥作用的。 5、有A、B两块大小、形状相同的物体，已知一块为磁铁，一块为铁块。问:只利用这两物体，判断磁铁和铁块,方法:用A去吸B的中间，如果能吸住，A为磁铁;不能，则A为铁块。 6、辨认铁制物品用什么方法最可靠,(用磁铁吸) 7、人们很早就发现，铁钉、钢针被磁石接触或摩擦后，有时会具有(磁性)，还发现同样用磁石摩擦，钢针比铁钉、铁片具有的磁性强一些。 8、磁铁为什么能指示南北,答 :地球本身就是一块巨大的有磁性的物体，也有南北两极。能与指南针的两极相互作用，让指南针总是指向南北。 9、辨别磁针南北极的方法有:(1) 用指南针; (2) 悬挂法; (3)用已知南北极的磁铁;用悬挂法:用线系住磁铁中间，把它挂在空中，等静止下来，指南的一端是南极，指北的一端是北极。用磁极的相互作用法:用一块已知南北极的磁铁的一个极去靠近这一磁铁，相吸，磁极相反;相斥，磁极相同。 10、司南为什么要放在光滑的铜盘上,(为了能让司南自由转动。) 11、你是怎样制作指南针的, 研究的问题:怎样制作指南针,准备材料:钢针、磁铁、塑料碗、水、吹塑纸、笔。 制作过程:1、用手拿着磁铁的一端，用磁铁的磁极在钢针上沿一个方向摩擦20,30次。 2、如果钢针能吸起大头针，说明钢针有了磁性。3、把磁化的钢针插在吹塑纸上，放在水中，磁针一端指南，一端指北，在吹塑纸上写上东、南、西、北各个方向，我们的指南针就能指示方向了。 12、指南针的制作原理: 一个能够自由转动的磁铁，静止时，总是一端指南，一端指北。我们把指南的一端叫南极，用S表示，指北的一端叫北极，用N表示，指南针就是根据磁铁指南北的性质制成的。 7 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen 8 party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations 9 repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth 10 Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political 11 Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision 12 of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and 13 to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on 14 a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a 15 total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > 16 real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years 17 implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, 18 exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should 19 be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective 20 convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts 21 of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application 22 of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation 23 made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give 24 expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental 25 organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post 26 processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in 27 the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in 28 the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management 29 of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, 30 around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one 31 size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are 32 relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < 33 new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform 34 comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation 35 of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 36 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily 37 blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres 38 should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection 39 with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace 40 with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of 41 the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline 42 must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be 43 held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations. 44