外研版初二（上）英语第24讲：Module12语法篇（教师版）

外研版初二〔上〕英语第24讲：Module12语法篇〔教师版〕第PAGE页Module12语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟练掌握本模块语法知识。  祈使句 · 定义 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句因对象〔即主语〕是第二人称， 所以通常都省略，祈使句的动词都为一般现在时。  祈使句的肯定形式 1.实意动词的祈使句要用动词原形开头。 Cometotheparty! 来晚会吧！ Doitnow!  现在就做！ 2.be动词的祈使句要用be开头。 Becarefulnexttime! 下次注意！ Bequiet! 安静！ 3.let祈使句采用“letsbdosth〞的形式。  Letmehelpyou. 让我帮你吧。 Let’sdance. 我们跳舞吧。  祈使句的否认形式 1.直接在句首加don’t或donot。 Donotcomeinunlessasked.  非请莫入。 Don’tmakenoise. 别出噪音。 2.Let's开头的祈使句的否认：直接加notdo Let'snotgohome. 我们别回家。 但是Let开头的祈使句的否认：直接在前面加Don't或在sb后面加not  例如：Lethimcomein.变为Don'tlethimcomein或Lethimnotcomein. 3.no开头的祈使句表示“禁止，不要〞，语气较强硬。 Nosmoking! 禁止吸烟。 情态动词can/must/could表推测   情态动词表推测的三种句式  1.在肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may〔可能〕，might〔也许，或许〕。  ThephotomustbeMissLu’s,thosemustbetheirparents. 照片肯定是陆小姐的，那肯定是她的父母。 Thepolicemanmayknowthewaytothatschool. 警察可能知道去那所学校的路。 Ifyouhaveanyideawhereitmightbe,pleasecallme. 如果你知道它可能在哪儿，请给我打。 2.否认句中用can’t/couldn’t〔不可能〕，maynot/mightnot〔可能不〕。  Itcan’t/couldn't betheheadmaster.HehasgonetoAmerica. 这不可能是校长，他去美国了。 Thedoctormaynot/mightnotbeinthehospitalnow,It’snearlysixo’clock. 医生可能现在不在医院了，快6点了。 注意：can/could表推测时一般用于否认句和疑问句，但是could可以用于肯定句、否认句和疑问句中，表示 事情可能发生。  3.疑问句中用can/could(能...?)。 Couldhehavefinishedthetask?  他可能把任务完成了吗？ Canhebeathomenow? 他现在能在家吗？  情态动词表推测的三种时态 1.对现在正在进行的动作推测时，用“情态动词+be+doing〞。  Hemust/may/might/couldbelisteningtotheradionow. 他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。 2.对一般情况的推测，“情态动词+动词原形〞。 Hecan’t( couldn't )/may(might)notbeathomeatthistime. 这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。 Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything，hecan’t(couldn’t)belateforthemeeting 布什先生一向准时，这次会议他不可能迟到。  3.对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词+have+过去分词〞。 Itmust/may/might/couldhaverainedlastnight.Thegroundiswet. 地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。 Thedoorwaslocked.Hecan(could)not/may(might)nothavebeenathome. 门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。()1.—Whoseshoesarethese?—They　　　beMike’s.They’realittlelargerforhim.A.mightB.can’tC.willD.can()2.Please　　　lookoutside.Lookattheblackboard.A.notB.don’tC.can’tD.can3．—Passmethatballplease.—Hereyouare.______！ForgetB．ListenC．CatchD．Throw4.Cars,busesandbikesstopwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.canB.mustC.mayD.need5.buyyourticketfromaticketmachine.Therearelotsofpeople.A.NoB.NottoC.Don’tD.Don’tto解析：　　考查情态动词的用法。Might可能，can’t不可能，t根据句意“他们对于Mike来讲有点大，应选B。此题考查祈使句的用法。根据句意“不要看窗外，看黑板〞，应选B。此题考查祈使句用法，根据句意“那球传过来，给你，接着〞，应选C。4.根据句意：当红灯亮时，汽车、公交车和自行车必须要停下。must用在肯定句中，表示“一定；必须〞，应选B。5.此题考查祈使句的否认形式在谓语动词前加don’t，应选C。根底演练1.Thecupis__________(break).Whobrokeit?2.Theastronautsneedlotsof__________(train)beforegoingintospace.3.Ihavegreattroublein__________(learn)mathandIamsoworried.4.Hello,everyone.Today’stopicisabout__________(make)friendsontheInternet.5.Tomisn’tathome.Hecould__________(be)ontheplayground.6.Ithinkthisbookis__________(help)toyourEnglishstudy.You’dbetterbuyit.7.Thedoctoradvisedmyuncletostop__________(work)immediatelyandhavearest.8.It’simpossible__________(learn)Englishwellinashorttime.9.Pleasebecarefulof__________(fall)stonesduringanearthquake.10.__________(notsmoke)here,Rick.Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.答案：1.broken　2.training　3.learning　4.making5.be6.helpful　7.working　8.tolearn9.falling　10.Don’tsmoke稳固提高选择填空1．—Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?—Yes,you______.must　　　B．canC．mayD．need2．Itdoesn'tlooklikerain,soyou______bringyourumbrellawithyou.A．shouldn'tB．mustn'tC．can'tD．needn't3．—Let'sgodancingtonight!—Sorry,I______.Ihavetogotoameeting.mustn'tB．maynotC．needn'tD．can't4.—Whosebikeisthis?—It________Tom’s,butIamnotsure.A.mustbe　B.couldbeC.can’tbe　D.mustn’tbe5.Itisagoodidea________Alaskaforthesummerholiday.A.togoB.goC.togotoD.goingto6.—MayItakethefoodtothereadingroom?—No,youcan’t.You_________eatitoutside.It’stherule.A.mustB.wouldC.mayD.might7.Theladyinthisphoto_______beoverfifty!Shelookssoyoung!A.mustn’tB.mustC.can’tD.can答案：ADDBCAC一．单项选择.1.Ontheway______themountainvillage,wefoundthelocalhousesdifferentfromours.6A.to　　　　B.by　　　　C.at　　　　D.on2.Keep______ofthefire;it’stoodangerous.A.cleanB.cleaningC.clearD.clearly3.______getoffthebusbeforeitstops.A.Don’tB.Doesn’tC.Didn’tD.Can’t4.Whenanearthquakehappens,please______fromthewindowsandheavyfurniture.A.lookupB.stayawayC.stayupD.lookfor5.AskJim.He______knowaboutTonybecausetheyaregoodfriends.A.mightB.can’tC.mustn’tD.must6.—Mustwecleantheclassroomrightnow?—No,youneedn’t,butyou________doittoday.A.mustB.mustn’tC.mayD.needn’t7.—Whoseisthenotebook?—I’mnotsure.It________beMary’s.A.mustB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.could8.—Who’stheboyunderthetree?IsheJim?—No,it________behim.Jimismuchtaller.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t9.Hewarnedme________intheriver.A.nottoswimB.notswimC.tonotswimD.don’tswim10.Followthesign______torunoutofabuildingwhenthereisdanger.答案:1~5.ACABDADCAC(2021-2021学年外研版英语八年级上期中综合检测试题)二.完形填空。ZhouYangsuccessfullydefended(卫冕)her1,500-meterOlympictitleattheSochiWinterGamesonSaturday.Sheisnowwellknownintheworld1anexcellentshorttrackspeedskater(短道速滑运发动).　　ZhouYangisnotanovernight2.ShewasborninapoorfamilyinChangchunonJune9th,1991andstarted3attheageof8.Shefellinlovewiththe4atoncewhensheputonherskatestotrainforthefirsttime.Soonhertalent(天分)forshorttrackspeedskatingwas5.ZhouYangtrainedhardandmadeherwayintothenationalteam6.Intheworldchampionships(锦标赛)in2021,ZhouYangsetaworldrecordinthe1,500mevent.ZhouYangwonagoldmedalattheVancouverOlympicWinterGamesin2021!ZhouYang7herselfagain.HerperformancegaveChinathe8goldmedalinthewomen’s1,500metersintheWinterOlympics—Chinahadneverwontheeventbefore.　　“Winning1,500mismydream,9Istillhaveonemoredream,winningtherelay(接力)competition,〞ZhouYangsaid.Wehopethather“onemoredream〞will10.A.as　　　　B.like　　　　C.for　　　　D.with2.A.problemB.fanC.successD.prize3.A.skiingB.swimmingC.runningD.skatingA.seasonB.sportC.movieD.book5.A.noticedB.refusedC.receivedD.forgotten6.A.somedayB.aswellC.atfirstD.atlast7.A.taughtB.provedC.allowedD.acceptedA.firstB.secondC.thirdD.lastA.soB.butC.orD.if10.A.seeoffB.growupC.cometrueD.runaway答案：1—5ACDBA6—10DBABC__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________补全对话。从方框中选择最正确选项完成对话,有两项多余。A.Howdidtheaccidenthappen?B.Wherewereyougoingatthatmoment?C.Theotherpersoncoveredmewithhiscoat.D.Howareyoufeelingtoday?E.You’rewelcome.F.Soundsgreat!G.ThenIfelloffmybikeandhurtmyleg.A:Hi,Jane.1B:Hi,Mary.I’mmuchbetternow.Thankyouforcomingtoseeme.A:2B:WhileIwasridingalongthestreet,suddenlyacarhitme.3A:Terrible!Whathappenedthen?B:Thanksfortwowalkers.OneofthemcalledtheFirstAidCentre.4Theambulance(救护车)camefiveminuteslater.A:Howkindtheyare!B:Yes.Idon’tknowwhattheirnamesare.A:Ihopethatyouaregettingbetterandbettersoon.B:Thankyou.A:5______2.______3.______4.______5.______答案：DAGCE二．阅读理解。ADohertywasapoliceman.Helikedboiled(煮熟的)eggs.Heoftenhadoneforbreakfast.OnemorninginDecember,hewasondutyontheroadinhispolicecar.Atteno’clock,hewentintoasmallcafébytheroadsideforbreakfast.Heorderedaboiledegg,adrinkandasandwich.Whenthewaiterbroughtthemtohim,hefoundthattheeggwasnotcookedenough.Helookedaroundthecaféandsawamicrowaveoven(微波炉)onthetablebesidethewall.Hedecidedtocookhiseggalittlelonger.Heputtheegginsidethemicrowaveovenandturnediton.Helettheeggcookforoneminute,thenhetookitout.Hetooktheeggbacktohistable,pickeduphisspoonandpusheditintotheegg.Suddenlytherewasaloudexplosion(爆炸).Foramoment,alltheotherpeoplerushedtohideunderthetableinthecaféastheythoughtsomeonehadthrownabomb(炸弹)intothebuilding.ButwhentheysawDoherty’sface,theyalllaughedbecausehehadtheeggalloverit.Dohertyhadmadeabigmistakeaseggsmustneverbecookedinamicrowaveoven.Doherty’sfavouritefoodforbreakfastwas______.A.asandwich　　　　　B.ahotdogC.chipsD.aboiledegg2.Whydidhecooktheeggwithamicrowaveoven?B.Theydidn’tcooktheeggenough.C.Theydidn’tcooktheeggwithamicrowaveoven.D.Heoftencookedeggswithamicrowaveoven.3.Wherewastheexplosion?A.OnDoherty’stable.B.Inthemicrowaveoven.C.Inthekitchen.D.InDoherty’scar.4.Dohertyhadtheeggallover______.A.hisfeetB.hisfaceC.thecaféD.thewaiterPeoplefelt______assoonastheyheardtheexplosion.excited　　B.funny　C.frightened　　D.Pleased答案：DBABCBFirecanhelppeopleinmanyways.Butitcanbeverydangerous.Firecanheatwater,warmhouses,givelightandcook.Butfirecanburnthings,too.Itcanburntrees,houses,animalsorpeople.Sometimesbigfirescanburnforests.Nobodyknowsforsurehowpeoplebegantousefire.Buttherearemanyinterestingstoriesaboutthefirsttimeamanorawomanstartedafire.OnestoryfromAustraliatellsaboutamanvery,verylongtimeago.Hewentuptothesunbyarope(绳子)andbroughtfiredown.Todaypeopleknowhowtomakeafirewithmatches(火柴).Childrensometimesliketoplaywiththem.Butmatchescanbeverydangerous.Onematchcanburnapieceofpaper,andthenitmightburnahouse.Asmallfirecanbecomeabigfireveryfast.Firekillsmanypeopleeveryyear.Soyoumustbecarefulwithmatches.Youshouldalsolearntoputoutafire.Fireneedsoxygen(氧气).Withoutoxygenitwilldie.Coverfirewithwater,sandorsometimeswithyourcoat.Thiskeepstheairawayfromfireandkillsit.Becarefulwithfire,anditwillhelpyou.Becarelesswithfire,anditwillburnyou.1.Howdidpeoplebegintousefire?A.Noteverybodyknowshowpeoplebegantousefire.B.Nobodyknowshowtomakeafire.C.ItisanAustralianwhostartedafirefirst.D.Wearenotsurehowpeoplebegantousefire.2.Childrenmustn’tplaywithmatchesbecause______.A.matchesburnpaperB.itisn’tinterestingC.theycanbedangerousD.theycanburnahouse3.Whenyouaregoingtoputoutafire,you______.A.maybecarelessB.shouldkeepairawayfromitC.knowitisnotdangerousD.shouldonlyusewater4.Wemustbecarefulwithfire,orit______.A.willdie　　　　　　　　B.willwarmourhousesC.mightburnusD.won’thelpus5.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Firecanhelppeopleinmanyways.B.Firecanbebothhelpfulanddangerous.C.Firecanburnthingsandpeople.D.Wemustbecarefulwithmatches.答案：DCBCBCAbigearthquakehappenedinJapanafewmonthsago.Itwas9.0ontheRichterscale(里氏).Itcausedatsunami(海啸)andanuclearleak(核泄漏).ThousandsofpeoplediedandmillionsofJapaneselosttheirhomes.However,thedisasterdidn’tcausepanic(恐慌)amongJapanesepeople.Whentheearthquakehappened,peopleleftdangerousplacesinanorderlyway.Aftertheshock,theywaitedinlineforfoodandwater.Therewasnorobbingorstampeding(惊逃).TheJapanesearereadyforanearthquakeatanytime.Almosteveryfamilyhasasurvivalkit(救生包),whichhasaflashlight,aradio,waterandenoughfoodforafewdays.Itcankeeppeoplealive(活着)afteranearthquake.ManyearthquakeshappeninChina,too.Areyoureadyforthenextearthquake?Whenanearthquakehappens,protectyourselffirst.Thelifeisthemostimportantbecausewherethereisalifethereishope.Don’tgobacktogetyourmoneyorcomputers.Whenanearthquakehasended,becarefulbecauseaftershocks(余震)maystillhappen.Makesureyouwearshoesafteranearthquake.Theremaybebrokenglassontheground.Weshouldalwayshopeforthebestbutpreparefortheworst.阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。()1.TheearthquakeinMarch,2021inJapancausedatsunamiandanuclearleak.()2.TheearthquakemadetheJapanesefear.()3.FewJapanesepeoplelosttheirhomesandtheirlives.()4.Whentheearthquakehappens,youshouldgobacktogetyourmoney.()5.TherearefewearthquakesinChina.答案：TFFFF