初一英语语言要点

Unit 1 My name's Gina! 语言要点 1. — What's your name?— My name's Gina. 2. — What's your first name?— My first name is Tom. 3. — What's your family name?— My family name is Green. 4. — Nice to meet you!— Nice to meet you, too! 5. — What's your phone number?— It's 4879-5843. Unit 2 Is this your pencil? 语言要点 1. --- Is this your pencil?--- Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. 2. --- What's this in English?--- It's a pen. 3. --- How do you spell it?--- P-E-N. Unit 3 This is my sister. 语言要点 1. This is my brother. 2. --- Is she your sister?--- Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. Unit 4 Where's my backpack? 语言要点 1. --- Where's my backpack?--- It's under the table. --- Where're my books?--- They are on the sofa. 在询问物品位置的时候使用Where问句。 2. --- Are they on the sofa?--- Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. 在询问物品位置的时候使用be动词一般疑问句。 Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball? 语言要点 1. --- Do you have a basketball?--- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. --- Does he have a tennis racket?--- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 2. --- Let's watch TV.--- No, that sounds boring. --- Let's play ping-pong.--- That sounds great. Unit 6 Do you like bananas? 词汇 可数名词（Countable Nouns）和不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns） 问：什么是可数名词，什么又是不可数名词？ 答：英语中的名词与汉语有所不同，分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。可数名词在使用时，如果 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示一个以上的意义时，名词要变为复数形式。不可数名词没有复数。 问：可数名词变复数有哪些规律呢？ 答：可数名词变复数一般来说是在词尾加-s；以字母s，sb，ch，x结尾的词加-es，部分以字母o结尾的加-es，如tomatoes，以辅音字母加y结尾的词，将y变成i再加-es。你发现了吗？可数名词变复数的规律与动词第三人称单数的变化规则是相似的。 问：是不是所有的名词变复数都是有规则的呢？ 答：有些可数名词复数的变化是无规则的，例如：child --- children。 问：有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。它们表达的意义相同吗？ 答：有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但它们表达的意义是不同的，见下表： 可数名词 不可数名词 chicken（鸡） chicken（鸡肉） fish（鱼） fish（鱼肉） an ice cream（一个冰淇淋） ice cream（冰淇淋这一类） a tomato salad（一种西红柿沙拉） salad（沙拉这一类） Unit 6 Do you like bananas? 文化 食在美国 由于东西方风俗习惯的不同，美国人的饮食习惯与我们也有较大差异。 早餐（breakfast）时间在美国是七点半到八点半，因为要赶去上班，人们只是简单地吃点就离开家。早餐通常是燕麦粥、玉米片、火腿或煮蛋，还有水果、面包、茶或咖啡之类。 午餐（lunch）时间大约在十二点到一点半，除了休息日，一家人一般很少在家吃午饭，有些人习惯到餐厅就餐。即使在家吃，也是买些现成食品，匆匆吃完后又得去工作了。 晚餐（dinner）时间在六点到八点，是一天中的正餐。菜肴较为丰富，先是开胃品（appetizer），如时令的水果或果汁；再有肉、鸡或蔬菜；然后是咖啡、茶或可乐；最后是甜品（dessert）。 通常下午四点多钟是下午茶（afternoon tea）时间，美国人的下午茶常常是一杯红茶（black tea），几块饼干（cookies）。 Unit 6 Do you like bananas? 语言要点 1. --- Do you like hamburgers?--- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. --- Does he like salad?--- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 2. They like oranges. They don't like broccoli. Mr Baker likes chicken. He doesn't like carrots. 3. --- What do the students like to eat for breakfast? --- They usually eat eggs, bread and milk for it. --- What does Kate like for lunch? --- She likes to have hot dogs, French fries and tomatoes for lunch. Unit 7 How much are these pants? 语言要点 1. --- How much is the blue T-shirt?--- It's ten dollars. --- How much are these socks?--- They are two dollars. --- How much is the milk?--- It's one dollar. 在询问某件物品的价格时，使用以 how much 引导的特殊疑问句。当物品是可数名词单数及不可数名词时，be 动词用单数形式is。当物品是可数名词复数时，be 动词用复数形式are。 2. --- Ok. I'll take it. Thank you.--- You are welcome. 3. --- Can I help you?--- Yes, please. 在商店购物时，售货员招呼顾客的常用语。 Unit 8 When is your birthday? 词汇 1. date date意为“日期”，用于问句时，回答要具体地说出某日，也可包括某月或某年。但不要与day相混，day是指“星期几”。比较： A: What's the date today?B: It's 5 July, 2006. A: What day is it today?B: It's Friday. 另外，我们知道汉语中日期的写法是从年到月到日这个顺序排列，而英语中日期的写法可以从月、日到年，也可从日、月再到年。例如：2006年8月30日的英文写法可以是August 30, 2006，也可以是30 August, 2006。 2. old old主要有以下几种用法：（1）表示“岁数大的”，如：get old变老，old Tom老汤姆（汤姆爷爷）；（2）表示年龄，相当于age，如：How old are you? 你多大了？（而不是“你有多老了？”）又如：I'm twenty years old. 我二十岁了。（3）表示“旧的”，与“新的”相对。如：a pair of old shoes一双旧鞋。 3. 基数词变序数词 one（加箭头）first two（加箭头）second three（加箭头）third four（加箭头）fourth five（加箭头）fifth twelve（加箭头）twelfth thirteen（加箭头）thirteenth twenty（加箭头）twentieth thirty（加箭头）thirtieth forty（加箭头）fortieth fifty（加箭头）fiftieth sixty（加箭头）sixtieth twenty-one（加箭头）twenty-first thirty-two（加箭头）thirty-second forty-three（加箭头）forty-third fifty-four（加箭头）fifty-fourth Unit 8 When is your birthday? 语言要点 1. --- When is your birthday?--- My birthday is November 11th. --- When is Sarah's birthday?--- Sarah's birthday is January 21st. 在询问某人的生日时，使用when引导的特殊疑问句。日期的常用表达方式有两种：（1）月日年，如：November 11，2005；（2）日月年，如：11 November，2005。 2. --- How old are you?--- I am fifteen. 人的年龄时，使用how old 引导的特殊疑问句。 3. --- When is the volleyball game?--- It's April 19th. Unit 9 Do you want to go to a movie? 语言要点 1. I want to go to a movie. --- Do you want to go to a movie?--- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 2. He wants to go to a movie. --- Does he want to go to a movie?--- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 3. --- What kind of movie do you like? --- I like action movies and thrillers, but I don't like documentaries. 4. Maria likes thrillers but she doesn't like comedies. Jack likes cartoons best. 5. I think Beijing Opera is very interesting. / I don't think it's great. Unit 10 Can you play the guitar? 同步词汇 ·No. 1 say, speak和talk say 可用作及物动词，后面可以直接带宾语，意思是“说出”；“讲”，重点强调说的内容。如：She says nothing. 她什么都没说。talk多用作不及物动词，常与介词to或about联用，意思是“谈话”；“交谈”，强调动作本身，有时侧重与别人交谈。如：Can I talk to you? 我能和你谈谈吗？speak可用作及物动词，宾语可以是“某种语言”。当speak表示“谈话”的意思时，比talk更正式些。Tell意思是“告诉”；“讲述”，强调告诉某人某事。tell是及物动词，常接双宾语，即tell somebody something，如：My parents often tell me stories. 我爸妈经常给我讲故事。 ·No. 2 little和few 两者都有表示“少”。little用于不可数名词前，而few用于可数名词前。a little和a few都表示“有一些；少量的”，区别也是前者修饰不可数名词，后者修饰可数名词。如：little time很少时间；few friends没几个朋友；a little money有些钱；a few minutes几分钟。 ·No. 3 join和join in join 意为“加入某一种组织，成为其中一员”，join后面可接表示人的名词或代词，表示加入到某人或某些人的行列中去。例如：My uncle joined the Party in 1978. 我叔叔是1978年入党的。We are going for a swim. Will you come and join us? 我们要去游泳，你和我们一起去好吗？join in 表示“加入”“参加”某种活动，in 之后可接名词活动词-ing形式，表示“参加某人的活动”，可以说join sb. in (doing) sth.。例如：He joined them in the work. 他同他们一起工作。Will you join us in playing basketball? 你跟我们一起打篮球好吗？ Unit 10 Can you play the guitar? 语言要点 1. --- Can you swim?--- Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 2. --- Can he paint?--- Yes, he can. / No, he can't. 3. --- What can you / he / she?--- I／He / She can play the piano. 4. --- Hi, can I help you?--- Yes, please. 5. I want to join the music club. 6. --- What club do you want to join?--- I want to join ... 7. Maybe you can be in our school concert. 8. May I know your name / telephone number / address? 9. --- How can we contact you?--- My e-mail address is ... 10. Here is a / an ... / Here are ... Unit 11 What time do you go to school? 同步词汇 No. 1 p.m. 和a.m. p.m.是拉丁文past meridiem的缩写词，即afternoon，置于表示时间的数字后，通常小写。如：at 2 p.m. = at 2 in the afternoon，下午2点。The shop opens from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m..商店营业时间从上午9点到下午5点。a.m.是拉丁文ante meridiem的缩写词，即before noon。如：at 9 a.m. = at 9 in the morning。The bank opens at 9 a.m..银行上午9点开门。 ·No. 2 morning, afternoon和evening 在this，that，next，every等词的前面不加任何介词。如：this morning，今天早晨，tomorrow afternoon，明天下午，next Monday，下星期一，last Sunday，上星期天，every month，每个月。若前面加the，则需用介词in，即in the morning / afternoon / evening，在早晨/下午/晚上。 ·No. 3 listen和hear listen和hear都有“听”的意思，listen是表示听的动作和过程，而hear则是“听见”“听到”，强调听的结果。如：She listens but hears nothing. 她听了，但什么也听不到。 Unit 11 What time do you go to school? 语言要点 1. 用when或what time 询问时间，如： --- What time do you get up?--- I get up at six o'clock. --- When do you usually go to bed?--- I usually go to bed at nine o'clock. 2. 表达正点时间用数字加o'clock，表达几点几分可以先说小时再说分钟，如： I take a shower at seven o'clock.I watch TV at eight twenty. --- What time is it? / What is the time?--- It's eight fifteen. Unit 12 My favorite subject is science. 语言要点 1. --- What's your favorite subject?--- My favorite subject is English. 2. --- Why do you like P. E.?--- Because it's fun. 3. --- Do you like math?--- Yes, I do. 4. --- Who is your science teacher?--- Mr Wang.