任务型阅读解题技

null任务型阅读解题技巧任务型阅读解题技巧任务型阅读考查学生的逻辑能力任务型阅读考查学生的逻辑能力1.对整篇语言和逻辑关系的判断 2.对句与句之间及上下文逻辑关系的判断. 3.对语篇、语段的连贯性、一致性的理解.命题特点命题特点本题型的材料是一篇长度为180-250词的文章,其中有5处空白,文章后有7句话,要求根据文章内容从这7句话中选出5句作为 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 ,分别放进文章中的5个空白处,有2个选项是多余的干扰项. 空白处可能位于材料主干部分的段首、段中或段末,但一般不会是阅读材料的第一句或者最后一句. 语言材料将会涉及文化、教育、经济、体育、娱乐、广告、科学研究与发现等内容,从而进一步突出语言的实用性、人文性、时代性和思想性.能力要求能力要求1.了解所读文章的主旨要义和具体信息. 2.掌握作者的写作意图及观点. 3.能区分论点和论据. 4.把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次. 5.理解文章写作思路和结构组织安排.考点解读 考点解读 ●通读整篇文章，把握整段语脉，理出文章的中心。 ●根据标点符号确定有几个句子。 ●除中心词、关键词外，将所有句子按意义分出层次，如果是承接、平列、层进关系，则可分为两个或两个以上的层次，如果是解释、转折一般就可以一分为二。 ●再分析各层次之间的关系。 ●最后检查核对层次划分有无错误。如一篇文章或语段有几个句子单位，几个层次，特别是长难句构成的语段层次是否明确。阅读填空题详解分析：阅读填空题详解分析： 语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议 论文 政研论文下载论文大学下载论文大学下载关于长拳的论文浙大论文封面下载 ）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，我们在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只要层层入手，才能真正理解文章。null（2010辽宁卷） I was ten when I first sat with my grandmother behind the cashier（收银台）in her general store. 1 I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying “thank you.” At first I was paid in candy. 2 I worked every day after school, and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. My father helped me set up a bank account. 3 By the time I was 12, My grandmother thought I had done such a good job that she promoted me to selling cosmetics（化妆品）. I developed the ability to look customers directly in the eye. Even though I was just a kid, women would ask me such things as “ What color do you think I should wear?” I took a real interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup（化妆）ideas. 4 nullThe job taught me a valuable lesson: to be a successful salesperson, you didn’t need to be a Rocket scientist—you needed to be a great listener. __5___ Except they are no longer women purchasing cosmetics from me; instead, they are kids who tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed. Later I received 50 cents an hour. Before long, she let me sit there by myself. I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers. My grandma’s trust taught me how to handle responsibility. Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought. null【 试题 中考模拟试题doc幼小衔接 数学试题 下载云南高中历年会考数学试题下载N4真题下载党史题库下载 答案及解析】 1. B.从后一句I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying “thank you.”可推知，作者的祖母先让作者跟着她学，然后让作者独立工作，所以他很快学会有礼貌地对待客人的重要性。 2. A.前面有at first，和本项中的later一致。 3. G.根据前一句的My father helped me set up a bank account.可确定答案。 4 C.同样根据前一句确定答案。 5.D.上文提到a valuable lesson，这里承接上下文。 阅读填空题的解题策略：阅读填空题的解题策略： 1.理清句际间意义的关系 文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各个层次，各个段落之间不管怎样错落有致，但它所表达的内容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上来看，语段的句际关系可分为平列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系。构成语段的各个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。 2.找出句子之间的连接性的词语 文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系是：null 承接关系（如so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result等）； 平列关系（如first, second, third…;firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…; for one thing, for another thing…;to begin with, to conclude等）； 转折关系（如however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise等）； 层递关系（如also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what’s more, too, either, neither, not…but…, not only…but also等）。nullEg. Long before man lived on the Earth,and there were fishes,reptiles,birds,insects,and some mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of those kinds living today,others are now extinct,that is,they hace no descendants alive now. __71__ From them we can tell their size and shaps,how they walked,the kind of food they ate. Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin,so that,apart from color,we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago.That kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land,often of the plants that grew on it,and even of its climate. B.Nevertheless,we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils.null分析 B.从语意关系上看，前文中说动物灭绝了，暗含的意思是我们不可能得到这些动物的任何信息，而后面的句子说我们可以对这些动物形成准确的印象，因此，前后文形成明显的对比关系，四个选项中只有选项B能够表达这种关系。null3.词汇复现法 复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述,从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现.复现的形式主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等Keep Things in OrderKeep Things in OrderParents should encourage their child to spread out,but to leave it neat and orderly when he isn’t using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect,__73___The workpace should be personal,but not another part of the playroom. G.A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life. 分析 G. G项中的organize his space 与这段内容相一致。这一段主要讲的是孩子学习的地方要整洁，东西摆放要有条理。4.词汇同现法4.词汇同现法词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。 Enourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school,Give them a good example of how to deal with problems,how to manage time and get things done in the right way.__75__Study will be more enjoyable and efftive when supported by the whole family. E.Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example 分析 E.E项中的follow your example 与该段中的Give them a good example 相对应。5.代词线索法5.代词线索法英语表达中代词的出现频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或句子。只要巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数差异就可以准确而迅速地解题。nullEg. There were also crab-like creature,whose bodies were covered with a horny substance.The body segments each had two pairs of legs,one pair for walking on the sandy bottom,the other for swimming.The head was a king of shield with a pair of compound eyes,often with thousands of lenses.They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet. _74___Of these,the ammonites are very interesting and important.They have a shell composed of many chambers,each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chambe and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast. A.The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known. 分析 A. 选项A中的many different kinds与空白处后面的指示代词these形成了对应关系。6. 数字线索法6. 数字线索法数字线索包括具体数字以及数字相关的词汇，如ratio,rate等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。 Eg. David Williams visited the casino(赌场),lost ＄20 left. On his second visit he lost ＄800.The casino issued to him,as a good customer,a ‘Fun Card’, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks,and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activitives.For Williams,these activities become what he calls electronic morphine. _71___In 1997 he lost ＄21000 to one slot machine(老虎机） in two days. In March1997 he lost ＄72186.He sometimes played two slot machines at a time,all night,until the boat docked at 5a.m, then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9a.m. C. By the time he had lost ＄5000,he said to himself that if he could get back to even,he would quit. One night he won＄ 5500,but he did not quit.null分析 C.根据前文的第一句话David Williams visited the casino,lost ＄20 and left.及后文的In 1997 he lost ＄21000 to one slot machine in two days 可知，两者的侧重点都集中在lost(输钱上，同时前后文中都出现了一些数字说明，因此从语意上判断，要填入的内容一定和此人输钱有关，同时选项中很可能会出现数字。对比选项，选项C中出现了＄5000和＄5500，与前后文中的数字形成照应。此外，从语意逻辑上看，此处与后面一句其实是用具体的事实数据在描述David Williams 的毒瘾越来越大，两者的语意逻辑表达方向一致，因此选项C是正确答案。（2010北京卷）（2010北京卷） The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? 1 It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway. Quiet background music used to be called "elevator (电梯) music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 2 If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 3 null Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak doeswhat it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 4 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. 5 . They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak! A. Some people don't like Muzak. B. The music gives them extra energy. C. Music is playing in the background. D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more. E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better. F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used. G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.null【试题答案及解析】 1.C此题，前句没看头，找不到再扩大范围找。看后句：It's similar to the music you listen to…捉住主语it及它对应的music，从7个句子中选出唯一用music开头的C句。 　　2.B同样用指代的原则。前句when people are more tired.根据指代原则，确定答案在B和F里面：B. The music gives them extra energy. F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used. F明显不符合文章发展，提钱，俗！选B 　　3.F利用因果关系 　　前句Why？其他人高兴什么？钱啊！从剩下的A,D,E,F里找原因，只能找出"钱"来。 　　4.D这是唯一单纯看一句话找不出答案的题，也是5题中最难的题。 　　利用并列关系。前一句描述tired office workers，后一句描述supermarket shoppers，后句出现Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries.由此推断D为正确答案。Factoryworkersproduce13percentmore.主语和百分数都是一一对应关系。 　　5.A利用并列原则，后面有But other people enjoy hearing…，故选择A. null