Period2SectionA3a-4csharkesSHARK鲨鱼早在恐龙出现前三亿年前就已经存在地球上，至今已超过四亿年，它们在近一亿年来几乎没有改变。鲨鱼是海洋中的庞然大物，所以号称“海中霸王”。鱼翅汤Maybyyoulikeit…Doyouknow?中国目前是世界第一大鱼翅进口国，随着中国民众生活水平的提高，鱼翅已不再是少数人特享，而鱼翅被水银(mercury)污染的程度高达百分之七十，而且食用鱼翅正使全球鲨鱼种群遭遇绝灭之灾。渔民在捕捞上一条鲨鱼后不论大小，都会在甲板上用电锯活生生地把鲨鱼的背鳍(dorsalfin)、两个胸鳍(pectoralfin)和一部分尾鳍(tailfin)割掉，然后将全身血流不止的鲨鱼扔回海中.它们最后在饥饿和伤痛中悲惨地死去因为鱼翅的价格甚高，近年吸引各地渔民争相在海中捕杀鲨鱼，引致海中生态出现不平衡，导致部分鲨鱼濒危。由此导致鲨鱼总数大幅减少——50年来下降了80%。据估计，每年全球有1百万鲨鱼被捕杀，鱼翅的年产值达到12亿美金。消费者消费鱼翅的心理动机主要是“为了显示个人的品位或身份”、“高档次的鱼翅能给个人的事业或健康带来帮助”。 真相！吃鲨鱼肉、鱼翅会对人体有很大伤害！据中国海洋大学的《鲨鱼鱼翅营养学报告》和香港大学的《危险的鱼翅汤》中相关数据显示，从现代营养学的角度看，鱼翅并不含有任何人体健康有益或高价值的营养，鱼翅汤的美味主要来自它的配料，而并非鱼翅本身。该调查报告还显示出，鱼翅这种高档营养品被重金属毒素水银污染的程度很高，含有可被人体吸收的水银比率已超出正常允许含量的几十倍。因此，多吃鲨鱼肉、鱼翅都可能会对人体有很大伤害。艾米护鲨俱乐部2011Amy’sSharkProtectionClubSavethesharks!3aDiscussthequestionswithapartner.1.Haveyoueverseenashark?2.Whatdoyouknowaboutsharks?3bReadthepassage.Completethefactsheetbelow.Whereshark’sfinsoupispopularNumberofsharkscaughtandtradedeveryyearthenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefalleninthelast20to30yearsTwoenvironmentalgroupswhichareagainstfinningInsouthernChina.Around70millionsharksOver90percentTheyareWildAidandtheWWF.3cReadthepassageandfillintheblankswiththewordsinthebox.SoalthoughifbutwhenManypeopledonotrealizetheyarekillingawholeShark_____theyenjoyabowlofshark’sfinsoup.2.Sharksareatthetopofthefoodchain,____iftheirnumbersdrop,theocean’secosystemwillbeindanger.3.Manythinkthatsharksaretoostrongtobeendangered,_____they’rewrong.whensobut4._______therearenoscientificstudiestosupportthis,alotofpeoplebelievethatshark’sfinsaregoodforhealth.5.Sharksmaydisappearoneday_____wedonotdosomethingtostopthesaleofshark’sfins.Althoughif4aFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Interviewer:_____youever_____(take)partinanenvironmentalproject?Ken:Yes,Ihave.I________(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas___________(consider)thebiggestclean-upprojectthiscity______ever______(have).Interviewer:Howmanypeople_________(take)part?HavetakenhelpedconsideredhadhadtookKen:I________(think)morethan1,000people__________(e)tohelpout.Interviewer:That’sfantastic!Iguesseveryoneinthiscityis_______(try)toimprovetheenvironment.Ken:Yes,everyoneshould________(play)apartinkeepingthecityclean.thinkcametryingplay4bFillintheblankswiththeappropriatemodalverbsfromthebox.canwouldcouldhavetoshouldmustmay/mightWhenitestosavingtheearth,people_____thinkthatbigthings_____bedone.However,manyforgetthatsavingtheearthbeginswithsmallthings.Forexample,you_____saveelectricitybyturningoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom.You_____alsousepaperorreusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags.Insomestores,younow______payforplasticbags.Ithinkthisisagreatidea.Andinsteadofdrivingtoschoolorwork,you______rideyourbikeorwalk.Ifit’sfar,you______takethebus.Allthesesmallthings______addupandbeebigthingsthat______improvetheenvironment.Wecannotaffordtowaitanylongerbeforetakingaction!ReviewofTensesPresentProgressivePresentSimple“usedto”+infinitivePresentPerfectPastprogressiveFuturesimplePassiveVoiceModelverbsWhatafinedaytoday!Look!Whataretheydoing?LilyLucy1.现在进行时:PresentProgressive概念:
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关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf
示现在正在发生的动作结构:be(is,am,are)+doing标志语：Look!、Listen!、now一般在动词原形后+inggoaskgoingasking以不发音的e结尾的,去e，+ingwritetakewritingtaking重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这一字母+inggetrunswimgettingrunningswimming动词-ing形式的构成Thetwins___________(wash)theclothesnow.2.Look!He__________(play)basketballoverthere.3.Listen!_____Sally_______(sing)?arewashingisplayingIssingingExercise2.Howoftendoyou…?(onceaweek,twice…,never)Ihaveafriend.His/Hernameis….He/Sheplays….一般现在时:PresentSimple概念:表示习惯、经常性的动作结构:do、does标志语：usually、often、never、sometimes、onceaweek、twiceamonth、everyyearThey_______(wash)theclotheseveryday.2.Sometimeshe______(play)basketballoverthere.3.Howoften_____Sally______(sing)?washesplaysExercisedoessing--WhatdidyoudolastSundaymorning?--Iwentto….morningwent…afternoonvisited…night…3.一般过去时LastSundaymorning,myfriend….Intheafternoon,he/she….Andatnight,he/she…morningwent…afternoonvisited…nightdid一般过去时:PastSimple概念:表示过去发生的动作结构:did标志语：yesterday、...ago、in1992、lastweek/month…动词-ed形式的构成：在动词后加-edwantanswerwantedanswered以字母e结尾的动词，只+dmovediemoveddied“辅音字母+y”，变y为i,再+edcarrycrycarriedcried重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写+edstopplanstoppedplanned--Haveyoupacked…yet?--Yes,Ihavepacked….No,Ihaven’t…packthetowelsYespackthecameraNo……watertheplantsYes4.现在完成时现在完成时:PresentPerfect概念:表示已经发生的动作结构:hasdone、havedone标志语：already、yet、ever、never、since…、for…getgotgottengowentgoneeatateeatenarewerebeendodiddonecutcutcutsaysaidsaid不规则过去分词taketooktakenswimswamswumdrinkdrankdrunkhavehadhadecameeputputputseesawseen不规则过去分词5.过去进行时:PastProgressive概念:表示过去正在发生的动作结构:be(was，were)+doing标志语：at8:00yesterday、when、while、…6.一般将来时:FutureSimple概念:表示将要发生的动作结构:willdo、shalldo、be(is/am/are)goingtodo标志语：tomorrow、in..、next…概念:表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象的一种语态。结构:be+动词过去分词e.g.In1972,itwasdiscoveredthattheywereendangered．Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday．7.Passivevoice1.can,could(1)表示能力，“能，会”Canyouplaybasketball?(2)表示怀疑、猜测，常用于否定句和疑问句中Hecan’tbeinclassroom.(3)表示请求或允许，口语，“可以”相当mayYoucangonow.用法(4)could是can的过去式，可以表示过去的能力IcouldswimwhenIwassevenyearsold.(5)can开头的一般疑问句以can和can’t回答could开头的一般疑问句以could和couldn’t回答2.may(1)表推测，“也许，可能”用于肯定句Hemayetomorrow.(2)表请求、许可“可以”MayIborrowyourbook?否定回答时用“mustn’t”(3)表示祝愿Mayyousuccess.Can和could都可以用来征求意见或允许，可互换使用3.must(1)“必须应该”(2)表推测“一定”(3)表推测时，肯定句中:must否定句：can、may疑问句：canMaynot：“可能不”Can’t：“不可能”(4)否定句中，mustn’t表示禁止，“不允许”Must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t（=don’thaveto）“不需要，不必”4.need（1）need+todo：need为实义动词，用助动词提问或否定（2）need+doing：表被动意义（3）need+do：need为情态动词，用need提问或回答，肯定回答用need，否定回答用needn’t5.hadbetter“hadbetter+动词原形”：最好做某事，否定形式用：hadbetternotdo6.shall(should),will(would)(1)shall用于第一人称征求意见、询问。(2)should常用来表示义务、责任Weshouldobeytrafficlaws.(3)will用于第二人称表示询问，请求，可也以表达现在的“意愿”Willyoupassmethebook？Wewilldoanythingforyou.(4)would用于表示过去的意愿或委婉提问Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?区分1.can和beableto表示能力时用法相同Can：一般现在时、一般过去时（could）Beableto：现在时、过去时、将来时Jimcouldn’tspeakChineselastyear,butnowhecan.Wewillbeabletoebacknextweek.2.can和may表示可能性时的区别(1)肯定句中用may表示可能Youhadbetteraskthepoliceman.Hemayknow.(2)否定句中，语气肯定，“不可能”用can’t语气不肯定，“可能不”用maynot3.would,should,could,might等过去式有时不表示过去，而是表示更委婉的语气4.must,have(has)to都是“必须”的意思，常可互换使用，但,have(has)to是用于强调客观需要，“必须，不得不”Must用于强调主观看法，“必须，应该”5.maybe和maybemay情态动词，后面+动词原形be，用在句中maybe副词，“大概，也许”相当于perhaps，用于句首6.can’t和mustn’t否定推测：can’t“不可能”mustn’t“禁止，不允许”，不能用于推测must肯定句中表推测，“一定”Thetwins____________(wash)theclothesforanhour.He__________(play)basketballsincethreeyearsago.Howlong_____Sally______(sing)yet?havewashedhasplayedExercisehassungIusually______upat6:00,butyesterdayI_____upat7:00,andtomorrowI________(get)upat6:30.2.Listen!Someone_____________(knock)atthedoor.3.I___________(be)inBeijingfortwoyears.4.Howoften______Andy_______(surf)theInternet?getgotwillgetisknockinghavebeendoesExercisesurf5.Hefellasleepwhilehe____________(read)abook.6.I_______never________（hear)ofthatmanbefore.7.Mybrotheroften_______(go)forwalkslastsummer.8.______thestory_________(happen)inLondonin1940?wasreadinghavewentheardDidhappen9.What______he______(do)whenhismotheropenedthedoor?10.Ifit_____________(notrain)tomorrow,they________(go)fishing.11._____Kate’ssisters________(play)thepianoeverySunday?12.They____________(notcall)youthedayaftertomorrow.14.Tom____________(work)theresincetwoyearsago.wasdoesn’trainwillgoDowon’tcalldoingplayhasworked结束语Nothingistoodifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
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