(完整版)现在完成时讲解与习题

现在完成时讲解与习题1.概念⑴表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果依然存在（已完成）。常与副词already（肯定）,yet（否定，疑问）,just,ever,never,once,twice,befoe等连用。如：Wehavealreadyknowneachother.Ihavejustwashedmyface.Hehasbeentothisislandbefore.⑵也表示过去发生的动作或状态一直持续到现在，且有可能继续下去（未完成）。常与for（时间段）,since（时间点或过去时的句子）,sofar等表示一段时间的状语连用。如：如：Wehavelivedtheresince2000.Mr.zhanghasbeeninBeijingforoverthirtyyears.HehaslearnedEnglishsincehewas6yearsold.注：这种用法中的动词用延续性动词。非延续性动词要用延续性动词代替。常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换：buy—have borrow—keep come—behere leave/go—beawaybegin/start—beon die—bedead join—bein如：Ihavekept(borrow)thebookfortwoweeks.Shehashad(buy)thisbikeforayear.Theoldmanhasbeendead(die)sincelastyear.Theyhavebeenaway(leave)fortwohours.2.句型结构⑴肯定句：主语have/has动词过去分词其他。(主语是第三人称单数时用has，其他人称用have)。如：Ihavedonemyhomeworksince6:00.Theyhavefoundthelostboy.ShehasgonetoBeijingsinceshewas16yearsold.⑵否定句：主语have/hasnot动词过去分词其他。如：Theyhaveworkedfor20hours.→Theyhaven’twordedfor20hours.Hehashadhisbreakfast.→Hehasn’thadhisbreakfast.⑶一般疑问句：Have/Has主语动词过去分词其他？如：ShehasbeentoBeijing.→HasshebeentoBeijing?---Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.TheyhavealreadylearnedthreeEnglishsongs.→HavetheylearnedthreeEnglishsongsyet?---Yes,theyhave./No,theyhaven’t.⑷特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词一般疑问句？如:Howmanywordshashelearnedyet?Howlonghaweyoulivedhere?注：have/hasbeento表示“去过某地”（已回来）.瞬间动词形式have/hasgoneto表示“去某地了”（还未回来）人不在说话处，主语常用第三人称。Have/hasbeenin表示“已经。。。。。。”（持续的）.持续性动词形式3.过去分词变化 规则 编码规则下载淘宝规则下载天猫规则下载麻将竞赛规则pdf麻将竞赛规则pdf ⑴规则动词过去分词同过去式。⑵不规则动词需要记忆。①AAA型1)cost—cost—cost 2)cut—cut—cut 3)hit—hit—hit4)hurt—hurt—hurt 5)let—let—let 6)put—put—put7)read—read—read 8)set—set—set 9)shut—shut—shut②AAB型1)beat—beat—beaten  ③ABA型1)become—became—become2)come—came—come 3)run—ran—run④ABB型1)bring—brought—brought2)buy—bought—bought3)think—thought—thought4)catch—caught—caught5)teach—taught—taught6)build—built—built7)lend—lent—lent8)send—sent—sent9)spend—spent—spent10)lose—lost—lost11)smell—smelt—smelt12)burn—burnt—burnt13)feel—felt—felt14)learn—learnt—learnt15)hear—heard—heard16)mean—meant—meant17)keep—kept—kept18)sleep—slept—slept19)sweep—swept—swept20)tell—told—told21)stand—stood—stood22)understand—understood—understood23)say—said—said24)pay—paid—paid25)meet—met—met26)leave—left—left27)hold—held—held28)dig—dug—dug29)find—found—found30)get—got—got31)hang—hung—hung32)have—had—had33)make—made—made34)shine—shone—shone35)sit—sat—sat36)win—won—won ⑤ABC型1)blow—blew—blown 2)draw—drew—drawn3)fly—flew—flown4)grow—grew—grown 5)throw—threw—thrown6)know—knew—known7)choose—chose—chosen8)eat—ate—eaten9)fall—fell—fallen10)ride—rode—ridden11)rise—rose—risen12)hide—hid—hidden13)see—saw—seen14)shake—shook—shaken15)take—took—taken16)mistake—mistook—mistaken 17)wake—woke—waken18)write—wrote—written19)be—was/were—been20)do—did—done21)break—broke—broken22)forget—forgot—forgotten23)give—gave—given24)freeze—froze—frozen25)begin—began—begun26)ring—rang—rung27)drink—drank—drunk28)go—went—gone29)lie—lay—lain30)sing—sang—sung31)swim—swam—swum32)wear—wore—worn33)show—showed—shown34)sink—sank—sunk 练习：A．用所给词的适当形式填空。1.We______already______(clean)theclassroom.2.Haveyou_____(get)abike?Yes,I_____.3.Haveyou______(write)alettertoTom?No,I_______.4.She__________(notsee)thefilmbefore. 5.LiLei____just____(eat)fishandchips.6.I_____________(notdo)myhomeworkyet.7.TomandJim_________(be)totheGreatWallbefore.8.Mymother_________(buy)anewcarforaweek.9.A:HasshebeentoBeijing?      B:Yes,she____. A:When____she____(go)there?    B:Lastmonth.10._____you______(finish)yourwork?  No,notyet.B.用for和since填空1.Wehavelearnedfivehundredwords______thebeginningofthisterm.2.MrsLiaohasbeeninhospital______aweek.3.Ihavestayedatmyaunt’s_____lastweek.4.HehaslivedinNanjing______twentyyears.5.I’vknownhim______Iwasachild.6.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_____threeyears.7.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity____abouttwoyears.8.It’sabouttenyears_____sheleftthecity.C．选择填空。1.—WhereisLiLei?—He___Shanghai.A.hasgoneto   B.hasbeento   C.wentto  D.goesto2.----_______you_______tothecapital?---No,I______.I______thereearlynextmonth.A.Have,been,haven’t,amgoing    B.Had,been,hadn’t,amgoingC.Have,gone,haven’t,wasgoing    D.Did,go,didn’t,wasgoing3.--______you______England?---Yes,it_____abeautifulcountry.A.Will,goneto,was        B.Have,beento,isC.had,beento,is          D.Have,goneto,is4.Mary________toseethefilmsbecauseshe__________ittwice.A.won’tgo,saw          B.won’tgo,willseeC.won’tgo,hasseen         D.didn’tgo,sees5.Hisfather_______foryears.A.hasdied    B.hasbeendead   C.died     D.dies6.Mrs.WanghaslivedinHaikou_________1992.A.since      B.from      C.after      D.in7.You______thatquestionthreetimes.A.alreadyasked          B.havealreadyaskedC.alreadyhaveasked        D.askedalready8.Mr.Black_________Chinasincethesummerof1998.A.hasbeento   B.hasbeenin    C.hascometo   D.cameto