最常用医学英语前后缀

精选文档个最最常用医学前后缀Table1Examplesoforgansandsystems（部分器官与系统术语）中文一般前/后缀形容词示例心heartcardiocardiaccardiology心脏病学cardialendocarditis心内膜炎myocarditis心肌炎脑braincerebrocerebralcerebrum大脑encephalocranialcerebellum小脑cranioencephalopathy脑病intracranial颅内的肺lungpulmopulmonarypulmonology肺病学pulmonectomy肺切除pulmonitis肺炎肝liverhepatohepatichepatitis肝炎hepatobiliary肝胆的hepatoenterostomy肝肠切合肾kidneyNephro-Renalnephritis肾炎Reno-nephropathy肾病nephrectomy肾切除renopathy;renin胃stomachgastrogastricgastritis胃炎gastroenteritis胃肠炎gastrectomy胃切除肠intestineEntero;intestinalenteritis肠炎gutgrastroenteritis胃肠炎bowelIntestino-enterostomy肠造口术食道/管esophagusesophagoesophagealesophagitis食道炎esophagoscopy食道镜esophagoplasty食道成形术胆（汁）gallbladdercholebiliarycholecystitis胆囊炎Bilecholecystectomy胆囊切除cholelithiasis胆结石cholesterol脾spleenSpleno;splenicsplenectomy脾切除spleeno-spenomegaly脾大cardiomegalysomatomegaly胰pancreaspancreatopancreaticpancreatitis胰腺炎pancreatectomy胰腺切除pancreatopathy胰腺病膀胱bladdercystocysticcystitis膀胱炎cystcytectomy膀胱切除cystotomy切开cystostomy造口，切合.精选文档cystography膀胱造影（泌）尿urineurourinaryurology泌尿病学urethrotransurethral经尿道的urosurgery泌尿外科直肠anusrectorectalrectoscopy直肠镜检查rectoplasty直肠成形术rectocolitis直肠结肠炎结肠coloncolocolonalcolitis结肠炎colorectoscopy直肠结肠镜检查colostomy结肠造口肌musclemyomuscularmyocarditis心肌炎myoma肌瘤myotonia肌强直关节jointarthroarticulararthritis关节炎osteoarthritis骨关节炎arthropathy关节病骨bonebonyosteoosteoplasty骨整形osteogenesis骨生长osteopathy骨病髓marrowmyemyeloma骨髓瘤myelitis骨髓炎myelopathy骨髓病血bloodhematohematology血液学hematoma血肿hemastasis止血血管vesselvasovascularcardiovascularaccident(CVA)心angio血管不测cerebrovascular脑血管的vasopressin血管加压素angiography血管造影动脉arteryarterioarterialarteriosclerosis动脉硬化静脉veinvenovenousIntravenous静脉内的神经nerveneuronervousneurosurgery神经外科neuron神经元neuroma神经瘤细胞cellcytocellularleukocyte白细胞cytology细胞学cytoma细胞瘤眼eyeophthalmoocularophthalmology眼科学oculovisualophthalmitis眼炎ophthalmalgia眼痛耳earaudioauditoryAudiometer听力计audibleAudiovisual视听的audiosurgery耳外科.精选文档鼻noserhinonasalrhinorrhea鼻溢nasorhinopharyngeal鼻咽的nasogastric鼻胃的口mouthorooralorolingual口舌的舌tonguelinguolingualsublingual舌下的lingustics语言学linguoplacement舌向移位咽喉throatlaryngolaryngeallaryngectomy喉切除pharyngopharyngeallaryngitis喉炎pharyngitis咽炎气管airwaytracheotrachealtracheostomy气管插管airpipetracheoscope气管镜airtracheoesophageal气管食道的passageTable2Examplesofdiseasedstates(部分病态术语)含义前/后缀示例病patho-pathogen病原,pathology病理学,nephropathy-pathy肾病,encephalopathy脑病病态-osisneurosis精神病,tuberculosis肺结核增加-osisleukocytosis白细胞增加症减少-peniapancytosis全血细胞减少炎症-itisarthritis关节炎，hepatitis肝炎肿块-omalymphoma淋巴瘤，hematoma血肿,carcinoma癌痛苦-algiaanalgesia止痛-algesia血症-emialeukemia白血病，septicemia败血症,bacteremia菌血症anemia麻痹-plegiahemiplegia偏瘫，myoplegia肌肉麻痹坏死necrohepatonecrosis肝坏死，necrospermia精子坏死-necrosis不良Malmalnutrition营养不良，malfunction功能阻碍,malpractice医疗差错流出-rrheadiarrhea腹泻，rhinorrhea鼻溢,hypermenorrhea月经过多困难/阻碍Dysdysfunction功能阻碍，dyspepsia消化不良,dyspnea呼吸困难无A;anatypical不典型的，asymptomatic无症状的,agranulocytosis粒细胞减少症anemia复合/多Poly-polyuria多尿，polyopia复视巨-megalysplenomegaly脾大，acromegaly指端肥大症,hepatomegaly肝大.精选文档结石lithocholelithes胆结石，lithiasis结石症-lithTable3Examplesofsurgicalterminology含义前/后缀切除-ectomy切开-tomy造口/切合-stomy整（矫）形ortho-造影-graphy经trans-成形-plasty（部格外科术语）示例gastrectomy,appectectomy,laryngectomytracheotomy,hysterotomy,craniotomycolostomy,ileostomy,tracheostomyorthopedics,orthotherapy,orthposurgeryangiography,nephrography,radiographytransurethral,transcutaneous,transfusionosteoplasty,myoplasty,esophagoplastyTable4Examplesofdirectionsandpositions(部分方向地址)含义一般前/后缀示例上Upper,superiorepi-,supra-epigastric上腹部的，supraclavicular锁骨上的下lower,inferiorinfra-,sub-subclavicular,锁骨下的，subcostal肋下的,inferiorvenacava下腔静脉前front,anterior,priorfore-,ante,pre-,forehead,前额，anteroposteriorantero,前后的/正位的后back,posterior,post-,retro-,postprandial餐后的，rearpostero-retroperitoneal腹膜后的内inner,internalIn-,intra,endo,Inhalation吸入，endoscope内ento-窥镜,intracranial颅内的外outer,externalex-,exo-extract提取，excretion排泄,exocardial心外的侧lateralbilateral两侧的，unilateral单侧的,contralateral对侧的,isolateral同侧的旁/副adjacent,appendixpara-parathyroid甲状旁腺，paracancer癌旁周peripheral,aroundperi-Perioperative围术的，perinatal围产的间betweeninter-intercostal肋间的，intercedllular细胞间的中心Centralcentro-,centri-centrifuge离心，centronucleus中心核横向,经...transversetrans-tranfusion输血，transcutaneous经皮的Table5Examplesofcellsandcolors（部分细胞与颜色）.精选文档含义前/后缀示例色chromo/cromochromosome染色体，cromolyn色苷酸钠红erythroerythrocyte,erythrocytosis白Leukoleukocyte,leukemia,leukocytuira黑melanomelanoma,melena黑便青、蓝Cyanocyanosis紫绀,cyanemia蓝血症淋巴Lymphlymphocyte,lymphoma,粒granulogranulocyte,granulocytosis成细胞Blastfibroblast成纤细胞网状reticuloreticulocyte网状细胞嗜碱的basi,baso,alkalobasophil嗜碱性粒细胞嗜酸的eosino,acidoeosinocyte,eosnophil嗜酸性粒细胞凝血的thrombothrombocyte凝血细胞（=血小板platelet）Table6Examplesofcompounds(部分化合物)含义前/后缀示例（酸）盐-atesulfate硫酸盐,nitrate硝酸盐,acetate醋酸盐醇-olalcohol酒精,taxol紫杉醇,ethanol乙醇,allopurinol别嘌啉醇醛-almethylal甲缩醛,retinal视黄醛糖-saccharide,glyco-,glycogen糖原,glucose葡萄糖,saccharide糖,gluco-,saccharo-polysaccharide多糖酮-oneketone酮，acetone丙酮,ketoacidosis酮酸中毒酶-asetransaminase转氨酶,reductase还原酶素-inheparin肝素,nuclein核素,erythromycin红霉素原-genantigen抗原,collagen胶原苯基/酚phenol-Phenol酚（石炭酸）,phenate酚盐氨基asmino-Aminoacid氨基酸,aninosuria氨尿Table7Examplesofnumbers(部分数量)Number前/后缀示例1Mono-monocyte单核细胞;carbonmonoxide一氧化碳2bi-,di-carbondioxide二氧化碳,bilateral两侧3tri-triple三倍,tricyclic三环类的4Tetra-tetracycline四环素,tetralogy四联症5penta-Pentagon五角大楼,pentapeptide五肽.