直接引语和间接引语youdaan

直接引语和间接引语主讲教师：金牌老师学生姓名：一定义：直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，并在原话前后加引号，第一字母必须大写。例：Hesaid:"Itistoolate."间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，多数以宾语从句的形式构成。例:Hesaiditwastoolate?二直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的问题第一：人称的变化。人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”O口诀说明直接引语间接引语一随主引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致Shesaid,“1likeFennis?Shesaidthatshelikedtennis?二随宾引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致HesaidtoLily,mustgetupearly.”“youHetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.第三人称不用变引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变Shesaidtome,wanttohelphim”“TheyShetoldmethattheywantedhelphim.指示代词this---thatthese--those表示时间的词now-——thentoday--thatdayyesterday--thedaybeforelastweek(month)-theweek(month)beforethreedays(ayear)ago--threedays(ayear)beforetomorrow--thenext(following)daycome----gooverhere---overtherennextweek(month)--thenext(following)week(month)动词bring——take表地点的词here----thereeg:1?Hesaid,"Thisbooksismine—Hesaidthatbookwashis:2?Hesaid:“Iwanttogoswimmingnow.nfHesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.3?Shesaid,“Iwillcomeherethisevening?"-ShesaidthatshewouldgotherethateveningTheteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00."—"heteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.第三：时态变化主句为现在时或将来时，间接引语的时态保持不变。eg:Hethinks,"Shewillbebackinamonth?”—Hethinksshewillbebackinamonth?Hewillsay,“Ihaveacceptedherinvitation."?Hewillsayhehasacceptedherinvitation.如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时can/maycould/mightmustmust/hadto”一Shesaidhereg:1.Shesaid?"Mysisterisateachersisterwasateacher?”shesaid?—Shesaidhersisterhad2?"MysistertaughtmeChinese,taughtherChinese?Shesaid,"MysisterwillteachmeChinese-ShesaidhersisterwouldteachherChineseShesaid,"MysisteristeachingmeChinese-ShesaidhersisterwasreadingherChineseShesaid,"Mysisterhave/hadtaughtmeChinese(aftersupper)?-ShesaidthathersisterhadtaughtherChineseaftersupper?Shesaid,"MysistercanteachmeChinese?"fShesaidthathersistercouldteachherChinese.化。但要注意在以下儿种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变直接引语是客观真理。"Theearthmovesaroundthesun",theteachertoldme.fTheteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.不变。直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态XiaoWangsaid,TwasbornonApril20,1980.”-*XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980?"一Hesaidhegetsupatsixevery语，时态不直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引变。Hesaid,"Igetupatsixeverymorningmorning?如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例：oughtto,hadbetter,usedto)和已经是过去时的形式时，(例：could,should,would,might)不再变。Petersaid,"Youhadbettercomeheretoday."—PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.⑤直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jacksaid,uJohn,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?fJackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.第四：句式上的变化直接引语为陈述句，变间接引语时，用that连接。女口：Shesaid:"Ourclasswillarriveinfiveminutes?"-Shesaidthatourclasswillarriveinfiveminutes直接引语为一般疑问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要加连词辻或whethero例如：？Sheaskedme:"Canyouswim?"-SheaskedmeifIcouldswim.②Sheaskedus:"Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?"TOC\o"1-5"\h\z-Sheaskedusifwewenttoschoolbybusorbybike?③〃Youhaven'tbeentoBeijing,haveyou?”heasked?fHeaskedmeif/whetherIhadbeentoBeijing?直接引语为特殊疑问句，变间接引语要用相应的特殊疑问词引导，要用陈述语气。例如："Howmuchhavewespentonpetrolthisyear,"Susanaskedherhusband?-Susanaskedherhusbandhowmuchtheyhadspentonpetrolthatyear4.①直接引语为祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask,order,beg等)sb.(not)todosth.”句型。例如："Don'tmakeanynoise,"shesaidtothechildren?uBringmeafShetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoisecupoftea,please,"saidshefSheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea?②直接引语为以“LetI开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用gest+动名词或suggest+that从句来表示其相应的意田”o如：例said,“Let,sgotoseethefilm.如>He