2020年自考英语答案英语写作试题

2020年自考英语 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 英语写作试题绝密★考试结束前全国4月高等教育自学考试英语写作试题课程代码：00603 请考生按 规定 关于下班后关闭电源的规定党章中关于入党时间的规定公务员考核规定下载规定办法文件下载宁波关于闷顶的规定 用笔将所有试题的答案写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答。注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。2．用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题上。 I.Supplythemissingparagraph.(20points) Thefollowingpassageisincompletewithonebodyparagraphmissing.Studythepassagecarefullyandwritethemissingparagraphinabout100surethatyourtoneanddictionareinunitywiththepassageprovided. ThePositiveEffectsofOwningaDogonChildren Dogsarethebestfriendofchildren.Thedogandthechildteacheachotherthingsandtheylookaftereachother.Owningadogcanhavepositiveeffectsonachild’sdevelopment.Havingadogdevelopsachild’ssenseofresponsibility,broadenshiscapacityforempathy,andteacheshimthenatureoffriendship.Thefirstadvantageofowningadogisthatit’shelpfultodevelopachild’ssenseofresponsibility.Onceyouownadog,youhavetotakecareofitinsteadofonlyplayingit:showering,feeding,walking,cleaningup,haircuttingandsoon.Dogsareanimalsthathavetospendtimetogetherwithpeopleortheygetdepressed.Soyoumusttakesometimetostaywithit.Iftheyaresick,onecan’tjustleaveitalone.Alloftheseworksarerequiredtobecarefullydonewhichcouldmakeachildbecomemoreresponsible.Anotherlessonthatachildcanlearnfromhavingadogishowtobeempathetic.Adogcannotexpressitselfwithspeech,soitsownermustlearntounderstandwhatthedog’sbehaviormeans.Isthedogfrightened,aggressive,orsick?Thechildneedstounderstandwhatisgoingoninthedog’smind.Theresultoflearningtoreadadog’sbehavioristhatthechilddevelopsmpathy.Bylearninghowtoempathizewithadog,thechildalsolearnshowtoempathizewithotherpeople.Thisleadstothechildbecomingamoreconsiderateandcaringperson. Beingconsiderateandcaringareimportantcharacteristicsinagoodofthemostsignificantbenefitsofowningadogistheexampleoftruefriendshipthatadogprovides.Adoggivesunconditionallovetoitsowner.Adogwillnotstoplovingitsownerbecauseofalittleanger,indifference,orneglect.Adogwillwaitpatientlyforitsownertopatitsheadandsayafewkindwords.Thisacceptanceofthenegativequalitiesandappreciationforthepositivequalitiesofitsownerprovideawonderfulmodelofhowtobeagoodfriend.Achildwhohaslearnedtobeasgoodafriendtoothersashisdogistohimwillhavelearnedoneofthemostvaluablelessonsinlife. Thesearesomeofthemostimportantlessonsachildwilleverlearn.Thebenefitsofowningadogwilllastinthechild’sentirelifetime.Theunderstandingandappreciationofresponsibility,empathy,andfriendshipthatachilddevelopsfromtheexperienceofhavingadogwillhelphimorhergrowintoareliable,caring,andmatureadult. II.Writeanoutline.(20points) Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcomposea“topicoutline”forit. ActingoutMetaphorsEncouragesCreativeThinking Ithappensinschools,offices,andboardroomseverywhere:someoneworkingonaprojecthitsamentalblock.Abossorteachermightresorttoametaphorlike“thinkoutsidethebox”or“puttwoandtwotogether,”encouragingacreativesolutiontotheproblem.Asitturnsout,thisisn’tjustabstractadvice.AccordingtoanupcomingissueofPsychologicalScience,literallyworkingoutsideofaboxorputtingtwohalvesofsomethingtogetherjustmighthelpthosecreativejuicesstartflowingagain. Sincephysicalmetaphorsregardingcreativityaresocommonandappearinginseveraldifferentlanguages,agroupofresearchershypothesizedthattheymayextendbeyondmeremetaphors.Theirstudyindicatesthatactingoutmetaphorsliterallycanaffecthowourmindswork. Inthefirstpartofthestudy,theresearchersasked102undergraduatestoperformaRemoteAssociatesTest(RAT),inwhichthesubjectsweregiventhreeseeminglyunrelatedwordsandaskedtocomeupwithawordthatrelatestoeachone.Forexample,thesubjectmightbegiven“measure,”“worm,”and“video,”andthecorrectresponsewouldbe“tape.” Theparticipantsweredividedintothreegroups;onegroupwasaskedtoperformthistaskwhilesittinginsidea5’by5’cardboardbox,anothergroupsatoutsidethesamebox,andthoseinthethirdgroupperformedthetaskwithoutaboxintheroomatall.Noneoftheparticipantsknewthehypothesisbehindthestudy;theyweremerelytolditwasanexperimentondifferentworkingenvironments. Therewasnodifferenceinperformancebetweenthoseinsidetheboxandthosewithnoboxatall.However,theparticipantsthatwereseatedoutsidetheboxdidmuchbetterontheRATthantheothertwogroups.Apparently,somethingaboutliterally“thinkingoutsidethebox”encouragescreativity. Asecondexperimentlookedatanotherwell-knownpieceofadvice:to“puttwoandtwotogether”tocomeupwithananswer.Inthestudy,64subjectsweredividedintotwogroups.ThefirstgrouphadtoperformaRATwhilejoininghalvesofcutpapercardsfrompilesoneachsideofadesk.Thesecondgroupperformedasimilartask,butonlyhadtomovecardhalvesfromonesideofadesktotheotherside.Those“puttingtwoandtwotogether”byunitingthetwohalvesofthecardsdidfarbetterontheRATthanthosethatweremerelymovingthecardsfromonepiletoanother. So,actingoutmetaphorslinkedtocreativityreallycanhelpusthinkcreatively.Infact,itdoesmorethanletusaccesstheknowledgewepresentlyhave;itencouragesustocomeupwithnew,uniqueandcreativeideas.Nexttimeyou’restuckonaproblem,takeaminutetoponder—orevenactout—yourfavoritemetaphor,andyoumighthappenuponagreatsolution. TopicOutlineActingoutMetaphorsEncouragesCreativeThinking Ithappenseverywhere:mentalblock.Abossorteachermightresorttoametaphorlike“thinkoutsidethebox”or“puttwoandtwotogether”.Thisisn’tjustabstractadvicebutmightreallyhelphavecreativethoughts. Agroupofresearchershypothesizedthatactingoutmetaphorsmayextendbeyondmeremetaphors.Theycanaffecthowourmindswork. Inthefirststudy,theresearchersasked102undergraduatestoperformaRemoteAssociatesTest(RAT).Thesubjectsweregiventhreeunrelatedwordsandaskedtoanswerawordthatrelatestoeachone. Theparticipantsweredividedintothreegroups;onegroupwasaskedtoperformthistaskwhilesittinginsideacardboardbox,anothergroupsatoutsidethesamebox,andthoseinthethirdgroupperformedthetaskwithoutaboxintheroom. Therewasnodifferenceinperformancebetweenthoseinsidetheboxandthosewithnoboxatall.However,theparticipantsoutsidetheboxdidmuchbetterontheRAT.Apparently,somethingaboutliterally“thinkingoutsidethebox”encouragescreativity. Thesecondexperimentfocusedonanotheradvice:to“puttwoandtwotogether”tocomeupwithananswer.Inthestudy,64subjectsweredividedintotwogroups.ThefirstgroupperformedaRATwhilejoininghalvesofcutpapercardstogether.Thesecondgroupperformedasimilartask,butonlyhadtomovecardhalvesfromonesideofadesktotheotherside.ThoseunitingthetwohalvesofthecardsdidfarbetterontheRATthanthosethatweremerelymovingthecardsfromonepiletoanother. So,actingoutmetaphorslinkedtocreativityreallycanhelpusthinkcreatively. IIl.Composeanessay.(60points) Peoplearemoreandmoreconcernedabouttheenvironment.Writea300-wordexpositoryessaystatingyouropinionaboutwhatwecandoasindividualstoimproveourenvironment. HowtoimproveourenvironmentNowadays,environmentproblemsarearebecomingmoreandmoreinfluentialtoourdailylivesthanonlyappearinginnewspapersandTVs,lecturesorreports.Forinstance,inthelastwinter,foggydayswiththesocalledcausedapanicamongcitizens.Peoplewereafraidofthepollutedairandchosetostayathomeinsteadofgoingout.Protectingtheenvironmentisreallyanextremelyurgentthing.Asweallknow,lowcarbonlifewasproposedinrecentyearsandIthinkitwouldbeareasonablewaytosolveourenvironmentcrisis.Wecanfigureoutwhatbenefitscanbegainedwhenwetransferthisconceptionintoarealexistence,alowcarboncampus.Thissimpleshiftofperspectivecanactuallytransformwhatusedtobequitefarawayintosomethingthatisjustaroundus.Taketheuseofelectronicdevicesforexample,whenwechoosetoclimbthestairsinsteadofusinganelevator,whenwepreferbicyclestocars,wearedoingsomethingfantasticforourselves.Thinkabouttheseactivitiesasexercisesthatwouldnotonlykeepusphysicallyfit,butalsospirituallyenergetic.Ifweturnoffthecomputerwhentheyarenotinuse,orevenlimitthehourswespendinfrontofthem,wearenotonlysavingtheelectricity,butalsodoingafavortoourbody,preventingourselvesfromtoomuchexposuretoradiationandotherpossibleharmscausedbycomputer.Wecangainatthesametineahealthyandpain-freeneck,andavoidsoremuscles,worseningeyesightandsoon.Whenweusenaturalwind,ratherthanfansorairconditionertofeelcoolinsummer,wearealsoreducingthepossibilitiesofalltheillnessrelatedtotheelectronicdevices.Whatweeatcanalsocontributetotheestablishmentofalowcarboncampus.Morevegetablesandlessmeatmeanthatlesscarbonwillbeemittedintheprocessofproducingandpreparingforsuchfoods.Andthiscanalsotranslatetoamorebalanceddietandhealthiereatinghabits.Thenmanyproblems,suchasoverweight,tirednessorevenhighbloodpressureandheartdiseasecanbecontrolledtoacertainextentwhenwegetolder.Andthisgoodeatinghabitactuallybenefitsusforalifetime,andwhatstartsatcampusgoesalongway.Fromtheaboveanalysis,wecangetthebasicideathatwhenwearedoingsomethingtoreducethecarboncampus,butatthesametime,wearemakepositivechangesforoueselves.