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高中英语知识点总结整理版高中英语知识点总结整理版 篇一:高考英语知识点总结(超全版) 高考英语复习知识点概要 1.a great/good many: a large number of许多。修饰可数名词复数。 I’m quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙,我有很多事要做。 若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时,应加of . ?A great many of the books have been sold out. 已经卖了很多书了。 ?A great man...

高中英语知识点总结整理版
高中英语 知识点 高中化学知识点免费下载体育概论知识点下载名人传知识点免费下载线性代数知识点汇总下载高中化学知识点免费下载 总结整理版 篇一:高考英语知识点总结(超全版) 高考英语复习知识点概要 1.a great/good many: a large number of许多。修饰可数名词复数。 I’m quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙,我有很多事要做。 若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时,应加of . ?A great many of the books have been sold out. 已经卖了很多 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 了。 ?A great many of them are out of work.他们很多人失业了。 2.able(可以的,有能力的,可能的)?He is an able man.那人本事不小。 enable(v)使??能 ?We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我们要多学知识以便能面对各种困难。 disable:有残疾的,不能干的;the disabled 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示一类人(残疾人) able 1 作词辍时 ?可以??的,值得??的(有被动含义) eatable可食用的,measurable可以测量、估计的;readable可读的 ?其他含义:conformable舒适的、安逸的;suitable 合适的,恰当的 3.above, over, on 三个词都可以表示“在??上“,但用法不同。On表示与某 物体表面接触;over表示在某物体垂直的上方,含“布满、 覆盖、跨越”之意,与under 相对;above表示位置高于, 但不一定垂直,与below相对。注意:与数字、数量、长度 词连用时,多用over,同more than。如:over10,000people一万多人;表示年龄、刻度多用above,如a man above fifty五十开外的人;above zero零度以上。 习惯用语:well above average远在一般以上;above sea-level海拔以上;the one above上面的一个;above all首先,尤其重要的是;over there 那边;all over 遍及;over again 再一遍;over and over再 三地 [应用]介词填空 ?There lay an umbrella_______the table and some raincoats _____it. ?The mother held an umbrella______the boy’s head so that the sun wouldn’t burn him. 2 ? There seemed to be a war and many planes were flying____the city. ?The moon was______the trees in the east. Key:?on,under ?over ?over ?above above all 首 先,特别是,最重要的是 after all 到底,毕竟 at all (用来加强语气)与not连用,表示“一点也不,完全 不”。 in all 总共 all but 几乎,差点没(=almost,nearly) ?We have all but finished the work. ?The day turned out fine after all. ?Children need many things ,but above all they need love. ?He wasn’t at all tired. ?Do you feel ill at all(真的,确实), ?There were twenty in all at the party. accident/event/ incident event一般 指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然发生的事故,特别是 不幸的、有损害性的事故。incident相对于accident来说, 显得不很重要,指“小事件”,它还可以用来表示“事变”,如 叛乱、爆炸等。如: The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current events.广播员正在播报时事新闻。 He was badly injured in the traffic accident.在那起交通事 故中,他严重受伤。 There was an incident on the bus: a man fought with the 3 conductor.那辆公共汽车上发生了一件事,有个人和售票员 打了起来。 Have you heard of Xi’an Incident?你听说过“西安事变” 吗, admit vt.?接纳,许可??进入(allow sb./sth.to enter) He was admitted to the school this year.Only two hundred boys and girls are admitted to our school every year. ?承认,后可接名词,doing、从句或复合结构。 I admit my fault. She admitted having read the letter. He admitted that his comprehension was weak. You must admit the task to be difficult. advice建议;劝告。是不可数名词,“一条建 议”应用a piece of advice。常用结构。 give sb.advice(on)/give advice给某人提(关于??的)建议; 忠告某人。 ask(sb.)for advice征求(某人的)意见。 ?Marx gave us some good advice on how to learn a foreign language. 关于如何学好外语,马克思给我们提了些好建议。 ?If you take /follow my advice, you’ll pass the exam.如果你听从 我的建议,你会考试及格的。 ?Let’s ask our teacher for some advice.咱们征求一下老师的意见吧。 admire(= respect / praise)vt.羡慕,钦佩,夸奖admire sb. 4 (for sth.)佩服某人某事 Visitors to Beijing greatly admire our Palace Museum. 去北京的游人极其羡慕我们的故宫。I admire him for his wisdom.我佩服他的智慧。 别忘了夸奖孩子。 对比:envy(= jealous)vt.嫉妨,羡慕 envy sb.(sth.)嫉妒/羡慕某人某事 We all envy you your good future. 我们都很羡慕你的好运。 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事(suggest不这样用)。 ?I advise you to take the chance.我建议你抓住机会。 ?—What do you advise me to do?你建议我怎么办, —I advise you not to lose heart; just keep on.我劝你不要 灰心,继续干。 advise 还可同suggest一样,后接名词、代词、动名词(短 语)和that从句(用虚拟语气)作宾语。 ?—What would you advise?你有什么建议吗,—I advise you an early start我建议你早点出发。 ?I advise holding a metting to discuss the problem.我建 议召开一次会议来讨论这个问题。 ?I advise you (should) go to once.我建议你马上去。 advise ,persuade persuade sb. to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”,强调劝说 成功,说服;advise sb. to do sth. 意为“劝说某人做某事”, 5 不涉及劝说是否有效,相当于try to persuade sb. to do sth.。 如: The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.医生 说服我爸爸戒了烟。 The doctor advised my father to give up smoking, but failed. 医生劝我爸爸戒烟,但没成功。 advise; suggest advise 与suggest 都可作“建议”讲,二者用法有同有异。 (1)相同点 表示建议做某事,advise与suggest都可采用下 列三种句型: ? + 名词 ? + 动名词 ? + that从句(从句中常用should加动词原形,should 可以省略。) eg. He advised/ suggested an early start. He advised/ suggested (our) starting early. He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early. (注:只 要是用从句表示建议该做的事,从句中就可用“should+动词 原形”,should可以省略。)上面的第三句可转化为: It was suggested that we (should) start early. What he suggested was that we(should) start early. His suggestion was that we (should) start early. (2)不同点 ?advise后可以跟人称代词作宾语,而suggest后不可以 跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说: 6 advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that... 前三种结构中不可将advise改为suggest,如: 他建议我 们去参观博物馆。 [正]He advised us to go to visit the museum. [误]He suggested us to go to visit the museum. [误]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum. ? suggest还有“暗示、表明、说、指出(一个事实)”的意思。 此时从句中用陈述语气,不用虚拟语气。如: The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased. Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陈述了一个事实,故用 陈述语气。)比较: Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient be operated on at once.(句中suggest表示建议该做某事,从 句中用should加动词原形,should在从句中省略。) affect(=have an effect on sth.)vt.影响(effect n.影响) This may affect your health. 这或许会影响你的健康。 My throat is always affected by bad weather.我的嗓子总 是受恶劣天气的影响。 afraid 1)“be afraid of+名词”,意为“害怕”。 2)“be afraid of 7 doing sth”意为“担心,害怕??”。 3)“be afraid for?”意为“为?? 担心。” 4)“be afraid that?”意为“担心,恐怕”。 5)“be afraid to do ”意为“害怕,担心而不敢做某事”。 6)I’m afraid so/not.恐怕是这样/恐怕不会这样 [应用] 完成句子 ?女孩子一般都怕蛇。Girls are usually______ _____snakes. ?他怕把杯子打碎,因而很小心。He was careful because he was afraid______ _____the glass. ?你不为自己的安全担心吗,Are you afraid_______your safety? ?恐怕她会迷路。I am _____ _____she will lose her way. ?汤姆把钱丢了,也不敢告诉他母亲。Tom lost the money and was afraid________ ______his mother. Key:?afraid,of ?of,breaking ?for ?afraid,that ?to tell again and again = time and time again = over and over = over and over again再三地 The old man thinks of his happy past again and again. 这 位老人再三地想起他幸福的过去。 age (1)n.年龄,时代,时期 The old man died at the age of 80/when he was 80 years of age/when he was 80 years old.那位老人80岁时去世了。 8 He is young for his age. 就他的年龄而论,他是年轻的。 What is the age of the church? 这座教堂多少年了, He was the greatest poet of the age. 他是那个时代最伟大的诗人。(2)vi./vt. 变老 He is aging fast. Worry ages a man. 他老得很快。忧虑令人老~ I found him greatly aged. 我发现他老多了。拓展:(1)adj. aged??岁的,年老的 a boy aged ten 一个10岁的男孩 an aged man老人 (2)人生的七期 baby?infant?child?youth?manhood?middle age?old age 婴儿/0?幼儿7?儿童12?青年28?壮年40?中年65?老年 agree 同意。常用桔构: (1)agree on 对??取得一致意见或达成协议,一般表示原双方共同商讨以后达成协议的名词)。主语必须是两者以上。也常用被动语态,表示“(某事)是大家都同意的”。 如: ?They agreed on the date for the next meeting.对下次会议的日期他们达成了一致意见。 ?At last,the plan was agreed on. 最后,这项计划通过了。 ?I don’t agree with you to this arrangement, but 9 perhaps, after a discussion we will agree on this project.我不 赞同你在这件事的安排,但或许在协商之后我们可以就这个 工程达成共识。 (2)agree to 同意;赞成。to 为介词,后接表示“建议;办 法;计划”等名词。 ?Do you agree to my plan?你同意我的计划吗, ?The headmaster has agreed to our suggestion for the holiday.校 长同意了我们度假的建议。 (3)agree with同意;赞成。后接 sb. 或what 从句。 I agree with you ,but I don’t agree with what he said.我同意你的意见,但我不同意他所说的。另外, agree with还有“与??相适应/相一致”的意思。 The climate here doesn’t agree with me .我不适应这里的气候。 (4)agree to do sth.同意、答应做某事。 Do you agree to go with us if we agree to lend you some money?如果我们答应借钱给你,你同意和我们一起去吗, ahead短语归纳 go ahead朝前走,请便(同意对方继续干或同意对方的请 求);go ahead (on)with? 继续;ahead of在??前面,早于, 优先;ahead of time提前 [应用]完成句子 ?他朝前走去看看发生了什么事情。He ________ ________ to see what had happened. ?我可以坐这个座位吗,请坐吧。May I take this 10 seat?________ _______. ?汤姆的数学比玛丽好。Tom is ________ _______ Mary in maths. ?她比我早到2个小时。She arrived two hours _______ _______me. ?他们已提前三周完成了 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 。They have completed the design _______ ______ _______ _______time. Key:?went,ahead ?Go,ahead?/ ?ahead,of? three,weeks,ahead,of alive,living,live,lively,lovely区别 1)lovely意“可爱的”,“美 好的”如:a lovely day 美好的一天a lovely girl 可爱的女 孩 2)alive 意为“活着的、有活力的”,是表语形容词,可修饰 人、物; 在句中做表语宾补和或后置定词,不能用作前置定语。如 He was alive when he was taken to the hospital.他被送往 医院时还活着。 Although he is old, he is still very much alive.虽然年老了, 但他仍十分活跃。 The fish is still alive/living.那条鱼还活着。 Keep him alive, please.请让他活下去吧。 He is the only man alive in the accident.他是事故中惟一 活着的人。 11 After the war , he remained alive .战后他还活着。 Those alive will gather here. 活着的人将在此相聚。 3)living 意为“活着的、有生命的”,主要用于作前置定语及冠词the 之后表示一类人,也可用作表语,可修饰人或物。如: a living plant活的植物 The living will go on with the work of the dead.活着的人将继续死者的工作。 all living things所有生物 the living 在世者,活着的人们 Latin is not a living language. 拉丁语不是现代使用的语言。 He is still living at the age of 95.95岁了他还活着。 4)live [laiv] (1)(动、植物)“活的”,“有生命的”,“活生生的,主要用来说鸟或其它动物,作前置定语;如:a live fish一条活鱼 a live tiger 一只活老虎 (2)实况的,现场直播的;如:a live report现场报道a live show/broadcast/TV program现场转播的表演/实况广播/现场直播的电视节目 living有精神的,活泼的,快活的,轻快的 Her grandfather is still living at the age of 93.她爷爷已经93岁了,仍然健在。 5)lively 意为“活泼的”,“有生气的”, 生动的“生动的”,可用作表语、定语,指人或物。如: a lively child 活泼的孩子 12 a lively description 生动的描述如: a lively mind 活跃的头脑a lively discussion 热烈的讨论 a way of making one’s classes lively使课堂生动的方法 He told a lively story about his life in Africa. 他讲述了一 个有关他的非洲生活的一个生动故事。 Young children are usually lively. 年轻人通常很活泼。 all the same adj.都一样;无所谓(to+n.) ?You can stay or leave now;It’s all the same to me. ?It’s all the same to me whether we’ll go there today or tomorrow. adv.仍然,还是 Thank you all the same. all the year round 全年,一年到头 In the west coast of Canada,it rains all the year round. allow与permit 1)用法相同 allow / permit sb .to do sth .允许某人做某事 allow / permit doing sth . 允许做某事。此时动词只用ing 形式。 反义词forbid 具有同样用法。 2)意义有异同 许多情况下可换用,只是词意的强弱上有差异。allow语 意较弱,含有“听任”,“默许”,“不加阻止”的意思;permit 语意较强,强调“正式认可”,“批准”的意思。如: The nurse allowed him to remain there ,though it was not 13 permitted. 护士让他留在那里,虽然这时(规定)不允许的。 amaze vt.使??惊奇 = astonish, surprise The news amazed us greatly.这条消息使我们感到很惊奇。拓展:(1)amazed人对??感到吃惊的;amazing(某物)??信人吃惊的。 They were all amazed at the amazing news. 听到这个令人吃惊的消息他们感到惊讶。(2)amazement n. to one’s amazement令人吃惊的是 To my amazement, they have gone to Xishuangbanna. 让我奇怪的是,他们去西双版纳了。 类似短语:to one’s happiness/excitement/sadness/puzzlement使某人高兴的/兴奋的/伤心的/迷惑的是 and so on : etc 等等。用来表示列举,但又不一一列出。 He knows five foreign languages, English, French, Japanese and so on.他懂5种外语,如英语、法语、日语等等。 announce, explain, introduce, declare后面不接双宾语,若以人作宾语常置于to后。如: The president announced to the workers the sad news. The president announced the sad news to the workers.总 14 裁向工人宣布了那不幸的消息。 He introduced the new comer to everyone here.他把新来的那个人介绍给这里的每个人。 report to sb.向某人汇报:report sth/sb.to sb.向某人汇报/告诉。 [应用]单句改错 ?The teacher explained his students how to use the computer. ?No one declared us we could not smoke here. Key:?explain后加to ?declare后加to another day/the other day/some day/one day another day 可表示近期将来的某一天,意为“改天”,也可表示过去将来某一动作或状态延续的“又一天”。如: She is coming another day instead of today. 她今天不来,改天来。 You may do it another day. 你可以改天做这件事。 He stayed there (for) another day/another two days after I lift. 我离开后他在那又待了一天/两天。 the other day 相当于a few days ago,意为“几天前、某天、那天、不久前”,句中用一般过去时。如: I met her in the street the other day.几天前我在街上碰见过她。 I bought the watch the other day.这手表我是几天前买的。 15 some day指将来“总有一天、有朝一日、终将、(日后)某一天”,谓语动词用一般将来时.如: Your wishes will come true some day.总有一天你的愿望会实现的。 Some day you‘ll have to pay for what you have done. 总有一天你要为你的行为而付出代价的。 one day可以表示“(过去)某一天”,谓语动词常用一般过去式;也可表示“(将来)某一天”,这时可与some day互相代替,谓语常用一般将来时。如: One day I went to see my first teacher ,but he happened to be out.有一天,我去看我的启蒙老师,可碰巧他出去了。 He will understand the teacher one day/some day.将来有一天,他会理解老师的。 anxious, eager 两个词均有“渴望,急于”之意。anxious 着重指焦急、着急或担心;而eager着重指对成功的期望或进取的热情。两者都多用作表语,其主语通常是人,不能以无生命的事物作主语。对比: He is eager to join the army.他渴望参军。 He is anxious to know whether he has been chosen. 他急于知道是否被选上了。 常用搭配: ?be anxious to do sth.渴望急切地做某事;be anxious for 渴望(了解、得到); be anxious about担心,对??感到不安 ?be eager to do sth. 16 急切地想做某事; be eager for (about, after)渴望,渴求, be eager for your help渴望得到你的帮助; be eager about peace渴望和平 ?学生们都急切地想知道考试结果。 The students ________ ________ ________ ________ the results ofthe examination. ?那个小男孩渴望得到一台新录音机。The little boy was ________ ________a new recorder. ?我很担心我儿子的健康。I’m ________ ________my son’s health. ?他殷切希望女儿的成功。He is __________ _________ his daughter’s success. Key:?are, anxious(eager),to ,know?anxious(eager),for ?anxious, about?eager, for(about, after) apologize for doing sth. apologize是不及物动词,意为“道歉”,其表达式为 “apologize to sb.for sth.”。如: You must apologize to your sister for being so rude.它的名 词形式是apology, 复数形式是apologizes. make one’s apologies to sb. for sth.= make an apology to sb. for sth.如: He make his apologies to me for coming late. appear As a result, it appered to scientists on earth that the stars 17 had moved.因此,地球上的科学家看来,恒星好像是移动了。 句型:It appears/seems(to sb.) +that—clause.看来/似乎是?? ?It appears to me that something is wrong.我看好像有点不大对头。 ?It appears that he will the prize.看来他会得笑。 appear;seem;look appear, seem, look都有“看起来似??”之意,但其暗含意思和用法又各有不同。 从意义上讲: (1)appear强调外表给人的印象,有时含实质上并非如此的意思,如: He appears to know more than he really does。他看起来好像懂得很多。(其实懂得没有那么多) (2)seem暗示有一定根据的判断,这种判断往往接近事实,如: His health seems to be better.他的健康状况似乎有所好转。 (3)look着重由视觉得出的印象,如: He doesn’t look his age.他看起来比实际年龄年轻(或老成)。 从用法上讲: seem和appear后可加 (to + be)+表语(adj.或n.或prep.) +to v. 18 篇二:高中英语知识点总结整理版 英语高 词组固定搭配 1. 接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做 某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某 事 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定aim to do sth. 打 算做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 2. 接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人 做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某 事 drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 汉语 的“原谅某人做某事”,英语可说成excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。 汉语的“希望某人做某事”,英语可说成wish sb. to do sth.。 19 汉语的“建议某人做某事”,英语可说成advise sb. to do sth.。 admit doing sth. 承认做某事 advise doing sth. 建议 做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 deny doing sth. 否认做某事 discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 考必记 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决心 做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做 某事 help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某 事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某 事 式,不接动名词: long to do sth. 渴望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 使 (要)某人做某事 hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算要 某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某 事 mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 汉语的“安排某人做某 20 事”,英语可说成arrange for sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“要求某人做某事”,英语可说成demand of sb. to do sth.。 汉语的“感谢某人做某事”,英语可说成thank sb. for doing sth.。 汉语的“祝贺某人做某事”,英语可说成enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事 excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事 fancy doing sth. 设想做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 keep doing sth. 保持做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某 事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装 做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒 绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望 做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做 某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某 事 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 train sb. to do sth. 训练某人 21 做某事 trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某 congratulate sb. on doing sth.。 汉语的“阻止某人做某 事”,英语可说成prevent sb. from doing sth.。 3. 接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词 mention doing sth. 提及做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做 某事 miss doing sth. 错过做某事 pardon doing sth. 原谅做 某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 practice doing sth. 练 习做某事 prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事 prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事 put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 report doing sth. 报告做某事 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 4. 接现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词 bring sb. doing sth.引起某人做某事 catch sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人 做某事 discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事 feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事 find sb. doin g sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事 get sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事 have sb. doing sth. 使某 人做某事 5. 接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词 feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做某事 have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 22 6. 接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的like to do sth / like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 love to do sth / love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 hate to do sth / hate doing sth. 憎恨做某事 prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth. 宁可做某事 begin to do sth / begin doing sth. 开始做7. 接不定式或动 名词作宾语意思不同的7个动词 (1) remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth. 记住曾做过某事 (2) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记 曾做过某事 (3) regret to do sth. 后悔(遗憾)要做某事regret doing sth. 后悔(遗憾)award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 understand doing sth. 理 解做某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事 listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人做某事 look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事 observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事 23 prevent sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事 send sb. doing sth.使某人(突然)做某事 listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事 look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做某事 12个动词 某事 start to do sth / start doing sth. 开始做某事 continue to do sth / continue doing sth. 继续做某事 can’t bear to do sth / can’t bear doing sth. 不能忍受做bother to do sth / bother doing sth. 麻烦做某事 曾做过某事 (4) try to do sth. 设法要做某事 try doing sth. 做某事试试看有何效果 (5) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 (6) can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人 owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某 set sb. doing sth. 使(引起)某人做某事 start sb. doing sth. 使某人开始做某事 stop sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 24 watch sb. doing sth. 观 observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 watch sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事 intend to do sth / intend doing sth.想要做某事 attempt to do sth / attempt doing sth. 试图做某事 cease to do sth / cease doing sth. 停止做某事 (7) go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事go on doing sth. 继续做一直在做的事 注:stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.也不同,前者指停下来去做某事,后者指停止正在做的事,但stop to do sth. 中的不定式不是宾语,是目的状语。 8. 可接双宾语的38个常用动词 (1) 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词物(钱) post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听 return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送 给某人 sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看 take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人 teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 25 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况 throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信 (2) 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用注:有的动词后 接的双宾语易位时,既可用介词to引出间接宾语,也可用介 词for引出间接宾语,含义相同,如bring,play等: Bring me today’s paper. = Bring today’s paper to [for] me. 把今天的报纸拿给我。 He played us the record he had just bought. = He played the record he had just bought for [to] us. 他放了他刚买的唱片给我们听。 有的动词后接的双宾语易位时,即可用介词to引出间接 宾语,也可用介词for引出间接宾语,含义不同,如leave等: They left me no food. = They left no food for me. 他们 没给我留一点食物。 My uncle left me a large fortune. = My uncle left a large fortune to me. 我叔叔死后留下一大笔财 产给我。 而有的动词后接双宾语时,既不能用介词to引出 间接宾语,也不能用介词for引出间接宾语,如allow, ask, cause, charge, cost, forgive, refuse等: He allows his son too much money. 他给他儿子的钱太多。 He asked me some questions. 他问了我一些问题。 This caused me much trouble. 着给我带来了许多麻烦。 动词 26 book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物 draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 为某人画某物 fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb. 为某人去取某物 find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 为某人找到某物 fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 为某人拿来He charged me five dollars for a cup of tea. 他一杯茶向我要了5美元。 His mistake cost him his job. 他的错误让他丢了工作。 I envy you your good luck. 我羡慕你的好运。 They forgave him his rudeness. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。 He refused her nothing. 她要什么就给什么。 9. 可用于“动词+sb+of sth”的8个常见动词 accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人犯某事(罪),指责某人做某事 cheat sb. fo sth. 骗取某人某物 cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病,改掉某人的坏习惯 inform sb. of sth. 通知 关于发布提成方案的通知关于xx通知关于成立公司筹建组的通知关于红头文件的使用公开通知关于计发全勤奖的通知 某人某情况(事) remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某情况(事) rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物 rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某东西 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人有某情况 10. 可用于“动 27 词+sb+for doing sth”的8个常见动词 blame sb. for doing sth. 指责某人做某事 criticize sb. for doing sth. 批评某人做某事 某物 make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物 order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物 pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 为某人采摘某物 prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 为某人留某物 sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 为某人唱某物(歌) spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 为某人让出某物 steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 为某人偷某物 forgive sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 excuse sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 pardon sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事 punish sb. for doing sth. 惩罚某人做某事 scold sb. for doing sth. 指责(责备)某人做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事 11. 可用于“动词+sb+into doing sth”的9个常见动词 cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 food sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事force sb. into 28 doing sth. 迫使某人做某事 argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 terrify sb. into doing sth. 威胁某人做某事 frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓唬某人做某事 persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 12. 容易误用作及物动词的9个不及物动词 误:deal a problem 正:deal with a problem 处理问题 误 : depend sb. 正:depend on sb. 依靠(依赖)某人 误 : insist doing sth.正:insist on doing sth. 坚持要做某事 误 : knock the door 正:knock on [at] the door 敲门 误:operate sb.正:operate on sb. 为某人做手术 误 : 29 participate sth. 正:participate in sth. 参加某事 误 : refer sth.正:refer to sth. 查阅(参考)某物 误:rely sb. / sth. 正:rely on sb. / sth. 依靠(依赖)某人(某物 误 : reply a letter 正:reply to a letter 回信 注:在某些其他用法中,以上有的动词也可能及物,如insist, reply等动词后可接宾语从句,operate表示“操作”、“管理”等时则及物。 13. 容易误用作不及物动词的8个及物动词 误:serve for sb. 正:serve sb. 为某人服务 误:marry with sb. 正:marry sb. 与某人结婚 误:discuss about sth. 正:discuss sth. 讨论某事 误:mention about sth.正:mention sth. 提到某事 误:enter into a room 正:enter a room 进入房间 30 误:contact with sb. 正:contact sb. 与某人联系 误:equal to sth.正: equal sth. 等于某物 误:ring to sb. 正:ring sb. 给某人打电话 注:有个别词在用于其他意义时,可以是不及物的,如enter into可以表示开始进入或从事某一状态或活动,或用于较抽象的概念。如: The country entered into a state of war. 这个国家进入战争状态。 I can enter into your feelings at the loss of your father. 我理解你失去父亲后的心情。 The two old men entered into a long conversation. 两位老人开始长谈起来。 14. 17个常用“be+形容词+about”结构 be angry about 为 …… 生 气be anxious about 为……担忧 be careful about 当 心…… be certain about 确信…… be 31 curious about 对 …… 好 奇 be disappointed about 对……失望 be excited about 对……感到兴奋 be glad about 对…… 感到高兴 be happy about 为……感到高兴 be hopeful about 对……抱有希望 be mad about 对 …… 入 迷 be nervous about 为……感到不安 be particular about 对……讲 究 be sad about 为……而 难过 be serious about 32 对 …… 认 真 be sure about 对……有把握 be worried about 为……担忧 15. 10个常用“be+形容词 +at”结构 be angry at 为 …… 生 气 be bad at 不善于…… be clever at 擅 长 于…… be disappointed at 对……失望 be expert at 在……方面是内行 be good at 善于…… be mad at 对 …… 33 发 怒be quick at 在……方面敏捷 be skilful at 在……方面熟 练be slow at 在……方面迟钝 16. 18个常用“be+形容词+for”结构 be anxious for 渴 望be bad for 对……有害,对……不利 be bound for 前 往 be celebrated for 以……出名 be convenient for 对……方便,在……附近be eager for 渴望 be famous for 因 …… 闻 34 名 be fit for 合适,适合 be good for 对……有益(方便) be grateful for 感谢 be hungry for 渴 望 得 到be late for 迟到 be necessary for 对……有必 要 be ready for 为……准备 好 be sorry for 因 …… 抱 歉 be suitable for 对……合适(适宜) be thankful for 因……而感 激 be well-known for以……出名 17. 6个常用“be+形容词+from”结构 be absent 35 from 缺 席 , 不 在 be different from 与……不同 be far from 离……远,远远不be free from 没有,免受 be safe from 没有……的危 险be tired from 因……而 疲劳 18. 13个常用“be+形容词+in”结构 be concerned in 与 …… 有 关 be disappointed in 对(某人)感到失望 be engaged in 从事于,忙 36 于be experienced in 在……方面有经验 be expert in 在……方面是行家 be fortunate in 在…… 方面幸运 be honest in 在……方面诚 实 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be lack in 缺 乏 be rich in 富于,在……方面富有 be skilful in 擅 长 于 be successful in 在……方面成功 be weak in 在……方面不行 19. 18个常用“be+形容词 +of”结构 be afraid of 害 怕be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧 be aware 37 of 意识到,知 道 be capable of 能够, 可以 be careful of 小 心 , 留 心 be certain of 确信,对……有把握 be fond of 喜 欢be free of 没有,摆脱 be full of 充 满 be glad of 为……而高兴 be nervous of 38 害 怕 be proud of 为……自豪 be short of 缺 乏 be shy of 不好意思 be sick of 对 …… 厌 倦be sure of 肯定,有把握 be tired of 对 …… 厌 烦be worthy of 只得,配得上 20. 20个常用“be+形容词+to”结构 be accustomed to 习 39 惯 于 be blind to 对…… 视而不见 be close to 靠 近 , 接 近be cruel to 对……残酷,对……无情 be devoted to 献身,专心 于 be equal to 等于,能胜 任 be familiar to 为(某人)所熟悉 be harmful to 对……有 危害 be important to 对……重要 p;be open to 对……开放,易受到 be opposed to 40 反对,不赞 成 be opposite to 在……对面,和……相反 be polite to 对 …… 有 礼 貌be related to 与……有关(是亲戚) be respectful to 尊 敬 be rude to 对…… 无礼 be similar to 与 …… 相 似be true to 忠实于, 信守 be used to 习 41 惯 于 be useful to 对……有用 21. 16个常用“be+形容词+with”结构 be angry with 对(某人)生气be bored with 对……厌烦 be busy with 忙 于 be careful with 小心 be concerned with 关于,与……有关 be content with 以……为满足 be delighted with 对……感到高兴be disappointed with 对(某人)失望 be familiar with 熟悉,精 通be honest with 对(某人)真诚 be ill with 患 …… 病 be patient with 对(某人)有耐心 be pleased with 对……满意(高兴)be popular with 受……欢迎 be 42 satisfied with 对 …… 满 意be strict with 对(某人)严格 22. 24个常用“in+其他词+of”结构 in advance of 在 …… 前 面 in aid of 帮助 in behalf of 为了,为了……的利益 in case of 如果,万一,以防 in celebration of 庆 祝 in charge of 负责, 管理 in commemoration of 纪念,庆祝in defence of 保卫 in explanation of 解释 in face of 面对 in favour of 赞 43 成 , 主 张 in front of 在…… 前面 in honor of 纪念,祝贺,欢迎 in memory of 纪念 in need of 需 要 in place of 代替 in possession of 拥 有 in praise of 称赞 in respect of 关于,就……而言 in search of 寻找,搜找 in sight of 看得见,在看见……的地方in spite of 虽然,尽管 in support of 为了支持(拥护)…… in view of 鉴于,考虑到 注:同时注意一下相似结构: in exchange for 作为对……的交换 in preparation for 为……作准备 in return 44 for 作为……的报 答 in reward for 作为……的报酬 in addition to 加之,除……之外in answer to 回答,响应 in contrast to [with] 与……形成对比in opposition to 与……相反,反对 篇三:高考英语知识点总结(超全版) 高考英语复习知识点概要 1.a great/good many: a large number of许多。修饰可数名词复数。 I’m quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙,我有很多事要做。 若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时,应加of . ?A great many of the books have been sold out. 已经卖了很多书了。 ?A great many of them are out of work.他们很多人失业了。 2.able(可以的,有能力的,可能的)?He is an able man.那人本事不小。 enable(v)使??能 ?We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我们要多学知识以便能面对各种困难。 disable:有残疾的,不能干的;the disabled表示一类人(残疾人) able 45 作词辍时 ?可以??的,值得??的(有被动含义) eatable可食用的,measurable可以测量、估计的;readable可读的 ?其他含义:conformable舒适的、安逸的;suitable 合适的,恰当的 3.above, over, on 三个词都可以表示“在??上“,但用法不同。On表示与某 物体表面接触;over表示在某物体垂直的上方,含“布满、 覆盖、跨越”之意,与under 相对;above表示位置高于, 但不一定垂直,与below相对。注意:与数字、数量、长度 词连用时,多用over,同more than。如:over10,000people一万多人;表示年龄、刻度多用above,如a man above fifty五十开外的人;above zero零度以上。 习惯用语:well above average远在一般以上;above sea-level海拔以上;the one above上面的一个;above all首先,尤其重要的是;over there 那边;all over 遍及;over again 再一遍;over and over再 三地 [应用]介词填空 ?There lay an umbrella_______the table and some raincoats _____it. ?The mother held an umbrella______the boy’s head so that the sun wouldn’t burn him. 46 ? There seemed to be a war and many planes were flying____the city. ?The moon was______the trees in the east. Key:?on,under ?over ?over ?above above all 首 先,特别是,最重要的是 after all 到底,毕竟 at all (用来加强语气)与not连用,表示“一点也不,完全 不”。 in all 总共 all but 几乎,差点没(=almost,nearly) ?We have all but finished the work. ?The day turned out fine after all. ?Children need many things ,but above all they need love. ?He wasn’t at all tired. ?Do you feel ill at all(真的,确实), ?There were twenty in all at the party. accident/event/ incident event一般 指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然发生的事故,特别是 不幸的、有损害性的事故。incident相对于accident来说, 显得不很重要,指“小事件”,它还可以用来表示“事变”,如 叛乱、爆炸等。如: The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current events.广播员正在播报时事新闻。 He was badly injured in the traffic accident.在那起交通事 故中,他严重受伤。 There was an incident on the bus: a man fought with the 47 conductor.那辆公共汽车上发生了一件事,有个人和售票员 打了起来。 Have you heard of Xi’an Incident?你听说过“西安事变” 吗, admit vt.?接纳,许可??进入(allow sb./sth.to enter) He was admitted to the school this year.Only two hundred boys and girls are admitted to our school every year. ?承认,后可接名词,doing、从句或复合结构。 I admit my fault. She admitted having read the letter. He admitted that his comprehension was weak. You must admit the task to be difficult. advice建议;劝告。是不可数名词,“一条建 议”应用a piece of advice。常用结构。 give sb.advice(on)/give advice给某人提(关于??的)建议; 忠告某人。 ask(sb.)for advice征求(某人的)意见。 ?Marx gave us some good advice on how to learn a foreign language. 关于如何学好外语,马克思给我们提了些好建议。 ?If you take /follow my advice, you’ll pass the exam.如果你听从 我的建议,你会考试及格的。 ?Let’s ask our teacher for some advice.咱们征求一下老师的意见吧。 admire(= respect / praise)vt.羡慕,钦佩,夸奖admire sb. 48 (for sth.)佩服某人某事 Visitors to Beijing greatly admire our Palace Museum. 去北京的游人极其羡慕我们的故宫。I admire him for his wisdom.我佩服他的智慧。别忘了夸奖孩子。 对比:envy(= jealous)vt.嫉妨,羡慕 envy sb.(sth.)嫉妒/羡慕某人某事 We all envy you your good future. 我们都很羡慕你的好运。 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事(suggest不这样用)。 ?I advise you to take the chance.我建议你抓住机会。 ?—What do you advise me to do?你建议我怎么办, —I advise you not to lose heart; just keep on.我劝你不要 灰心,继续干。 advise 还可同suggest一样,后接名词、代词、动名词(短 语)和that从句(用虚拟语气)作宾语。 ?—What would you advise?你有什么建议吗,—I advise you an early start我建议你早点出发。 ?I advise holding a metting to discuss the problem.我建 议召开一次会议来讨论这个问题。 ?I advise you (should) go to once.我建议你马上去。 advise ,persuade persuade sb. to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”,强调劝说 成功,说服;advise sb. to do sth. 意为“劝说某人做某事”, 49 不涉及劝说是否有效,相当于try to persuade sb. to do sth.。 如: The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.医生 说服我爸爸戒了烟。 The doctor advised my father to give up smoking, but failed. 医生劝我爸爸戒烟,但没成功。 advise; suggest advise 与suggest 都可作“建议”讲,二者用法有同有异。 (1)相同点表示建议做某事,advise与suggest都可采用下 列三种句型: ? + 名词 ? + 动名词 ? + that从句(从句中常用should加动词原形,should 可以省略。) eg. He advised/ suggested an early start. He advised/ suggested (our) starting early. He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early. (注:只 要是用从句表示建议该做的事,从句中就可用“should+动词 原形”,should可以省略。)上面的第三句可转化为: It was suggested that we (should) start early. What he suggested was that we(should) start early. His suggestion was that we (should) start early. (2)不同点 ?advise后可以跟人称代词作宾语,而suggest后不可以 跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说: 50 advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that... 前三种结构中不可将advise改为suggest,如: 他建议我 们去参观博物馆。 [正]He advised us to go to visit the museum. [误]He suggested us to go to visit the museum. [误]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum. ? suggest还有“暗示、表明、说、指出(一个事实)”的意思。 此时从句中用陈述语气,不用虚拟语气。如: The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased. Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陈述了一个事实,故用 陈述语气。)比较: Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient be operated on at once.(句中suggest表示建议该做某事,从 句中用should加动词原形,should在从句中省略。) affect(=have an effect on sth.)vt.影响(effect n.影响) This may affect your health. 这或许会影响你的健康。 My throat is always affected by bad weather.我的嗓子总 是受恶劣天气的影响。 afraid 1)“be afraid of+名词”,意为“害怕”。 2)”be afraid of 51 doing sth”意为“担心,害怕??”。 3)“be afraid for?”意为“为?? 担心。” 4)“be afraid that?”意为“担心,恐怕”。 5)“be afraid to do ”意为“害怕,担心而不敢做某事”。 6)I’m afraid so/not.恐怕是这样/恐怕不会这样 [应用] 完成句子 ?女孩子一般都怕蛇。Girls are usually______ _____snakes. ?他怕把杯子打碎,因而很小心。He was careful because he was afraid______ _____the glass. ?你不为自己的安全担心吗,Are you afraid_______your safety? ?恐怕她会迷路。I am _____ _____she will lose her way. ?汤姆把钱丢了,也不敢告诉他母亲。Tom lost the money and was afraid________ ______his mother. Key:?afraid,of ?of,breaking ?for ?afraid,that ?to tell again and again = time and time again = over and over = over and over again再三地 The old man thinks of his happy past again and again. 这 位老人再三地想起他幸福的过去。 age (1)n.年龄,时代,时期 The old man died at the age of 80/when he was 80 years of age/when he was 80 years old. 那位老人80岁时去世了。 52 He is young for his age. 就他的年龄而论,他是年轻的。 What is the age of the church? 这座教堂多少年了, He was the greatest poet of the age. 他是那个时代最伟大的诗人。(2)vi./vt. 变老 He is aging fast. Worry ages a man. 他老得很快。忧虑令人老~ I found him greatly aged. 我发现他老多了。 拓展:(1)adj. aged??岁的,年老的 a boy aged ten 一个10岁的男孩 an aged man老人 (2)人生的七期 baby?infant?child?youth?manhood?middle age?old age 婴儿/0?幼儿7?儿童12?青年28?壮年40?中年65?老年 agree 同意。常用桔构: (1)agree on 对??取得一致意见或达成协议,一般表示原双方共同商讨以后达成协议的名词)。主语必须是两者以上。也常用被动语态,表示“(某事)是大家都同意的”。如: ?They agreed on the date for the next meeting.对下次会议的日期他们达成了一致意见。 ?At last,the plan was agreed on. 最后,这项计划通过了。 ?I don’t agree with you to this arrangement, but 53 perhaps, after a discussion we will agree on this project.我不 赞同你在这件事的安排,但或许在协商之后我们可以就这个 工程达成共识。 (2)agree to 同意;赞成。to 为介词,后接表示“建议;办 法;计划”等名词。 ?Do you agree to my plan?你同意我的计划吗, ?The headmaster has agreed to our suggestion for the holiday.校 长同意了我们度假的建议。 (3)agree with同意;赞成。后接 sb. 或what 从句。 I agree with you ,but I don’t agree with what he said.我同意你的意见,但我不同意他所说的。另外, agree with还有“与??相适应/相一致”的意思。 The climate here doesn’t agree with me .我不适应这里的气候。 (4)agree to do sth.同意、答应做某事。 Do you agree to go with us if we agree to lend you some money?如果我们答应借钱给你,你同意和我们一起去吗, ahead短语归纳 go ahead朝前走,请便(同意对方继续干或同意对方的请 求);go ahead (on)with?继续;ahead of在??前面,早于, 优先;ahead of time提前 [应用]完成句子 ?他朝前走去看看发生了什么事情。He ________ ________ to see what had happened. ?我可以坐这个座位吗,请坐吧。May I take this 54 seat?________ _______. ?汤姆的数学比玛丽好。Tom is ________ _______ Mary in maths. ?她比我早到2个小时。She arrived two hours _______ _______me. ?他们已提前三周完成了设计。They have completed the design _______ ______ _______ _______time. Key:?went,ahead ?Go,ahead?/ ?ahead,of? three,weeks,ahead,of alive,living,live,lively,lovely区别 1)lovely意“可爱的”,“美 好的”如:a lovely day 美好的一天a lovely girl 可爱的女 孩 2)alive 意为“活着的、有活力的”,是表语形容词,可修饰 人、物; 在句中做表语宾补和或后置定词,不能用作前置定语。如 He was alive when he was taken to the hospital.他被送往 医院时还活着。 Although he is old, he is still very much alive.虽然年老了, 但他仍十分活跃。 The fish is still alive/living.那条鱼还活着。 Keep him alive, please.请让他活下去吧。 He is the only man alive in the accident.他是事故中惟一 活着的人。 55 After the war , he remained alive .战后他还活着。 Those alive will gather here. 活着的人将在此相聚。 3)living 意为“活着的、有生命的”,主要用于作前置定语及冠词the 之后表示一类人,也可用作表语,可修饰人或物。如: a living plant活的植物 The living will go on with the work of the dead.活着的人将继续死者的工作。 all living things所有生物 the living 在世者,活着的人们 Latin is not a living language. 拉丁语不是现代使用的语言。 He is still living at the age of 95.95岁了他还活着。 4)live [laiv] (1)(动、植物)“活的”,“有生命的”,“活生生的,主要用来说鸟或其它动物,作前置定语;如:a live fish一条活鱼 a live tiger 一只活老虎 (2)实况的,现场直播的;如:a live report现场报道a live show/broadcast/TV program现场转播的表演/实况广播/现场直播的电视节目 living有精神的,活泼的,快活的,轻快的 Her grandfather is still living at the age of 93.她爷爷已经93岁了,仍然健在。 5)lively 意为“活泼的”,“有生气的”, 生动的 “生动的”,可用作表语、定语,指人或物。如: a lively child 活泼的孩子 56 a lively description 生动的描述如: a lively mind 活跃的头脑a lively discussion 热烈的讨论 a way of making one’s classes lively使课堂生动的方法 He told a lively story about his life in Africa. 他讲述了一个有关他的非洲生活的一个生动故事。 Young children are usually lively. 年轻人通常很活泼。 all the same adj.都一样;无所谓(to+n.) ?You can stay or leave now;It’s all the same to me. ?It’s all the same to me whether we’ll go there today or tomorrow. adv.仍然,还是 Thank you all the same. all the year round 全年,一年到头 In the west coast of Canada,it rains all the year round. allow与permit 1)用法相同 allow / permit sb .to do sth .允许某人做某事 allow / permit doing sth . 允许做某事。此时动词只用ing 形式。 反义词forbid 具有同样用法。 2)意义有异同 许多情况下可换用,只是词意的强弱上有差异。allow语意较弱,含有“听任”,“默许”,“不加阻止”的意思;permit 语意较强,强调“正式认可”,“批准”的意思。如: The nurse allowed him to remain there ,though it was not 57 permitted. 护士让他留在那里,虽然这时(规定)不允许的。 amaze vt.使??惊奇 = astonish, surprise The news amazed us greatly.这条消息使我们感到很惊奇。 拓展:(1)amazed人对??感到吃惊的;amazing(某物)??信人吃惊的。 They were all amazed at the amazing news. 听到这个令人吃惊的消息他们感到惊讶。(2)amazement n. to one’s amazement令人吃惊的是 To my amazement, they have gone to Xishuangbanna. 让我奇怪的是,他们去西双版纳了。 类似短语:to one’s happiness/excitement/sadness/puzzlement 使某人高兴的/兴奋的/伤心的/迷惑的是 and so on : etc 等等。用来表示列举,但又不一一列出。 He knows five foreign languages, English, French, Japanese and so on.他懂5种外语,如英语、法语、日语等等。 announce, explain, introduce, declare后面不接双宾语,若以人作宾语常置于to后。如: The president announced to the workers the sad news. The president announced the sad news to the workers.总裁向工人宣布了那不幸的消息。 58 He introduced the new comer to everyone here.他把新来的那个人介绍给这里的每个人。 report to sb.向某人汇报:report sth/sb.to sb.向某人汇报/告诉。 [应用]单句改错 ?The teacher explained his students how to use the computer. ?No one declared us we could not smoke here. Key:?explain后加to ?declare后加to another day/the other day/some day/one day another day 可表示近期将来的某一天,意为“改天”,也可表示过去将来某一动作或状态延续的“又一天”。如: She is coming another day instead of today. 她今天不来,改天来。 You may do it another day. 你可以改天做这件事。 He stayed there (for) another day/another two days after I lift. 我离开后他在那又待了一天/两天。 the other day 相当于a few days ago,意为“几天前、某天、那天、不久前”,句中用一般过去时。如: I met her in the street the other day.几天前我在街上碰见过她。 I bought the watch the other day.这手表我是几天前买的。 some day指将来“总有一天、有朝一日、终将、(日后)某 59 一天”,谓语动词用一般将来时.如: Your wishes will come true some day.总有一天你的愿望会实现的。 Some day you‘ll have to pay for what you have done. 总有一天你要为你的行为而付出代价的。 one day可以表示“(过去)某一天”,谓语动词常用一般过去式;也可表示“(将来)某一天”,这时可与some day互相代替,谓语常用一般将来时。如: One day I went to see my first teacher ,but he happened to be out.有一天,我去看我的启蒙老师,可碰巧他出去了。 He will understand the teacher one day/some day.将来有一天,他会理解老师的。 anxious, eager 两个词均有“渴望,急于”之意。anxious 着重指焦急、着急或担心;而eager着重指对成功的期望或进取的热情。两者都多用作表语,其主语通常是人,不能以无生命的事物作主语。对比: He is eager to join the army.他渴望参军。 He is anxious to know whether he has been chosen. 他急于知道是否被选上了。 常用搭配: ?be anxious to do sth.渴望急切地做某事;be anxious for 渴望(了解、得到); be anxious about担心,对??感到不安 ?be eager to do sth. 急切地想做某事; be eager for (about, after)渴望,渴求, be 60 eager for your help渴望得到你的帮助; be eager about peace渴望和平 ?学生们都急切地想知道考试结果。 The students ________ ________ ________ ________ the results ofthe examination. ?那个小男孩渴望得到一台新录音机。The little boy was ________ ________a new recorder. ?我很担心我儿子的健康。I’m ________ ________my son’s health. ?他殷切希望女儿的成功。He is __________ _________ his daughter’s success. Key:?are, anxious(eager),to ,know?anxious(eager),for ?anxious, about?eager, for(about, after) apologize for doing sth. apologize是不及物动词,意为“道歉”,其表达式为 “apologize to sb.for sth.”。如: You must apologize to your sister for being so rude.它的名 词形式是apology, 复数形式是apologizes. make one’s apologies to sb. for sth.= make an apology to sb. for sth.如: He make his apologies to me for coming late. appear As a result, it appered to scientists on earth that the stars had moved.因此,地球上的科学家看来,恒星好像是移动了。 句型:It appears/seems(to sb.) +that—clause.看来/似乎 61 是?? ?It appears to me that something is wrong.我看好像有点不大对头。 ?It appears that he will the prize.看来他会得笑。 appear;seem;look appear, seem, look都有“看起来似??”之意,但其暗含意思和用法又各有不同。 从意义上讲: (1)appear强调外表给人的印象,有时含实质上并非如此的意思,如: He appears to know more than he really does。他看起来好像懂得很多。(其实懂得没有那么多) (2)seem暗示有一定根据的判断,这种判断往往接近事实,如: His health seems to be better.他的健康状况似乎有所好转。 (3)look着重由视觉得出的印象,如: He doesn’t look his age.他看起来比实际年龄年轻(或老成)。 从用法上讲: seem和appear后可加 (to + be)+表语(adj.或n.或prep.) +to v. It + ~ +(that)从句如: 62 63
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