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直接引语变间接引语的讲解课件

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直接引语变间接引语的讲解课件直接引语变间接引语的讲解第一页,共50页。引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语;二.用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语.第二页,共50页。1)人称的变化口诀  说明直接引语间接引语一随主二随宾三不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”ShesaidthatshelikedtennisHesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupe...

直接引语变间接引语的讲解课件
直接引语变间接引语的讲解第一页,共50页。引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语;二.用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语.第二页,共50页。1)人称的变化口诀  说明直接引语间接引语一随主二随宾三不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”ShesaidthatshelikedtennisHesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearlyShesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim”Shetoldmethattheywantedhelphim一随主,二随宾,三不变第三页,共50页。  直接引语时态  间接引语时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时过去将来时第四页,共50页。nowthentodayThatdaytonightThatnightagoBefore/earlieryesterdayThedaybeforelastnightThenightbeforetomorrowThenext/followingdaynext…Thenext/following…直接引语中的时间状语转换规则:第五页,共50页。记住:指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this,thesethat,those时间状语nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek...thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek...thenextweek地点状语herethere动词comego第六页,共50页。thisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek(month,year)thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothisweekthatweek第七页,共50页。一、如何变人称:口诀:一随主。二随宾,第三不变。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:She said. "My brother wants to goshopping with me. ”→She said her brotherwanted to goshopping with her.第八页,共50页。Theboysaid,”I’mreadingabook.”Directspeech直接引语Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Reportedspeech间接引语.第九页,共50页。“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:  He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?”→He asked Kate how her sister was then。第十页,共50页。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:Mr. Smith said,“Jack is a good boy.”→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy.第十一页,共50页。Practice:1)Hesaid,“Mybrotherfailedintheexam.”Hesaid____brotherhadfailedintheexam.2)HesaidtoMary,“Howisyourmothernow?”heaskedMaryhow_____motherwasthen.3)Myteachersaid,‘‘sheisagoodstudent.’’Myteachersaid____wasagoodstudent4)Hesaidtome,“I’veleftherbookinyourroom”Hetoldmethat___hadleft___bookin___room.hishershehehermyhershe第十二页,共50页。Hesays,“IsTomastudentorateacher?”→HeaskswhetherTomisastudentorateacher.Heaskedme,"Doyoulikeplayingfootball?“→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.Mysisteraskedme:“Whatisyourfriend?”→Mysisteraskedmewhatmyfriendwas.Jackaskedme,"Howdoyoulikethefilm?"→JackaskedmehowIlikedthefilm.Thesoliderordered,“Bequiet.”→Thesoliderorderedustobequiet.Hesaidtoher,“Openthedoor,please.”→Heaskedhertoopenthedoor.Shesays,“IwillgotoBeijingnextmonth.”→Shesays(that)shewillgotoBeijingthenextmonth.Heoftensays“Ishalltellyouaboutthem.”→Heoftentellsmethathewilltellmeaboutthem.第十三页,共50页。记住:动词时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时cancouldmaymight第十四页,共50页。1陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略)一般现在时Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”现在进行时Hesaid,“I'mwritingaletter.”一般将来时Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时→HesaidthathecoulddowellinEnglish.→Hesaidthathewaswritingaletter.Tomtoldmethathewouldcallmethenextday.第十五页,共50页。注:如果主句是一般现在时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的时态不变。Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.第十六页,共50页。注意:(1)如果在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。 (2)如果在当地转述,here不必改为there,动词come不必改为go.(3)当转述客观真理时,直接引语变为间接引语时,时态不变。如:1.He said, “The moon moves around the earth.Hesaid that the moon moves around the earth.(4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时,也经常用一般现在时。Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.    第十七页,共50页。Icanspeakthreelanguages.Hesaidhecouldspeakthreelanguages.Whatdidhesay?第十八页,共50页。IammadatMarcia.HesaidhewasmadatMarcia.Whatdidhesay?第十九页,共50页。WearehavingapartyforLana.Whatdidtheysay?TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana.第二十页,共50页。shewashard-working,Iamhard-working.Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshewasnotlazy.Whatdidshesay?ShesaidIamnotlazy.第二十一页,共50页。hewasgoodatplayingbasketball.Whatdidhesay?HesaidI’mgoodatplayingbasketball.第二十二页,共50页。IamgoodatEnglish.ShesaidshewasgoodatEnglish.Whatdidshesay?Whatdidshesay?IdowellinEnglish.ShesaidshedidwellinEnglish.dowellinIdowellinEnglish.第二十三页,共50页。IgotobeacheverySunday.Whatdidhesay?Hesaidhe___________________________.wenttobeacheverySunday第二十四页,共50页。Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshe_________________________.wouldcallmetomorrowIwillcallyoutomorrow.第二十五页,共50页。“Whatareyoudoing?”SheaskedmeIwasdoing.what第二十六页,共50页。“WhydoyoulikeEnglish?”HeaskedmeIlikedEnglishwhy第二十七页,共50页。“Wheredoeshelive?”Sheaskedmehelived.where第二十八页,共50页。“Howdoesshegotoschool?”SheaskedmeShewenttoschool.how第二十九页,共50页。“Doyouknowmyname?”SheaskedmeIknewhername.Whether/if是否第三十页,共50页。Whendoyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouhavemathyouhavemath.hehadTheyaskedhimwhenhehadmath.Summary(总结)1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语第三十一页,共50页。Doyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouhavemathyouhavemath.hehadTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhehadmath.2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语第三十二页,共50页。将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语:1.Lanasaid,"I'mgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria."LanasaidthatshewasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria.第三十三页,共50页。Canyouplaythepiano?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifYoucanplaythepianoyoucanplaythepiano.hecouldTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhecouldplaythepiano.第三十四页,共50页。Shesaidtome“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?”Sheaskedme________________interestedinscience.2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?”Heaskedhim_________________buytheredcoat.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?”Shirleyaskedme__________________born.4.“What’swrongwithyou?”Lilyaskedme.Lilyaskedme__________________with_____.5.Thegirlaskedme“Whathappened?”Thegirlaskedme__________________.Exercises:whyIwaswhenhewouldwhereIwaswhatwaswrongmewhathappened第三十五页,共50页。1.“Whereisshefrom?”Heaskedwhereshewasfrom.2.“Howoldarethey?”Heaskedhowoldtheywere.3.“What’stheweatherliketoday?”Heaskedwhattheweatherwaslikethatday.4.“Howdoyougotoschool?.”Heaskedhowyouwenttoschool.5.“Whoissinging?”Heaskedwhowassinging.6.“Whendoyougetup?”HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup.第三十六页,共50页。直接引语转间接引语其他部分变化hereoverheretonightnowtodayyesterdaytomorrowlastweek/month/year…nextweek/month/year……agothedayaftertomorrowthisthesecomebringthereovertherethatnightthenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaytheweek/moth/year…before…thenextweek/month/year……beforetwodayslaterthatthosegotake第三十七页,共50页。1、直接引语中的时间状语转换规则:2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则:3、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there:5、如果是在当天或在原地转达,则上述时间状语或地点状语一律不变:注意!thisthatthesethose第三十八页,共50页。2.Theteachersaid,"Mystudentsarehard-working."Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehardworking.3.TomtoldJane,"Iwilllendmybicycletoyou."TomtoldJanethathewouldlendhisbicycletoher/Jane.第三十九页,共50页。5.She said to him, “It’s time togohome.”4.Mr.Wang said,“I will leave for Shanghai next month.”Mr. Wang said that he would leave for Shanghai the next month.She told him that it was time togohome.第四十页,共50页。2.直接引语如果是疑问句,变为间接引语时,要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1)一般疑问句。用whether或if(是否)引导。主句中的动词是said时改为asked,没有间接宾语的,可以加一个间接宾语me/him/her。 Eg.He said, “Are you a student?”疑问语序He askedme whether/if I was a student.陈述语序第四十一页,共50页。2)特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Eg.“Where are you going?”  Father asked his son.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑问语序陈述语序疑问语序陈述语序第四十二页,共50页。3.当直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,等,而把直接引语的祈使句变成带(not)to的不定式短语。句型:tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth如:第四十三页,共50页。1Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。”→Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。2.Theteachersaidtous,”Don’tplayinclass.Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.第四十四页,共50页。Changethedirectspeechintoreportedspeech1Thegirlsaid,“Iwillhaveaparty.”Thegirlsaid(that)shewouldhaveaparty.2Heaskedme,“Isyourfatheradoctor?”Heaskedmeif/whethermyfatherwasadoctor.3Thepoliceaskedtheman,“Whereareyougoing?”Thepoliceaskedthemanwherehewasgoing.第四十五页,共50页。4MothersaidtoTom,“getupearlier!”Mothertold/askedTomtogetupearlier.5Theteachersaidtous,“Don`ttalkinclass!”Theteachertold/askedusnottotalkinclass.6Theteachersaid,“Themoongoesaroundtheearth.”Theteachersaid(that)themoongoesaroundtheearth.第四十六页,共50页。1.“IamgoodatEnglish,”Lucysaid.2.“LiLeiisreadingabook,”PetersaidtoLucy.3.“Wewillhaveafootballmatch,”hetoldhismother.LucysaidshewasgoodatEnglish.PetertoldLucythatLiLeiwasreadingabook.Hetoldhismothertheywouldhaveafootballmatch.二.把下列句子变为间接引语。第四十七页,共50页。4.“TheygotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday,”theboysaid.         TheboysaidtheywenttoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday.5.Sheaskedme,"Whydoyouwanttodothis?"SheaskedmewhyIwantedtodothat.第四十八页,共50页。Summary1.当直接引语是陈述句:由(that)引导主语(said)that+句子(时态往过去推told2.当直接引语是一般疑问句:用if/whether引导主语(asked)if+一般疑问句(主谓结构)whether窍门(do/does/did去掉)(be/can/may/must/will/should放主语后)第四十九页,共50页。3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时,用原来的特殊疑问词引导(what/where等)主语asked+what特殊疑问句(主谓)where4.当直接引语是祈使句时用句型:told主语+askedsb(not)todosthordered第五十页,共50页。
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