高一语文 必修二 文言文知识梳理

高一语文 必修二 文言文知识梳理 必修二《兰亭集序》知识梳理 一、 通假字 1、趣舍万殊 “趣”通“取” 2、悟言一室之内 “悟”通“晤” 二、古今异义 1、放浪形骸之外 放浪:古，放纵、无拘束。今:放荡 2、列坐其次 古:旁边、水边 今:常用义为质量差 3、亦将有感于斯文 古:这些文章今:常用义为文雅，又指文化或文人 4、或取诸怀抱 怀抱 古义:胸怀抱负。 今义: ?抱在怀里; ? 胸前; 5、引(之)以(之)为流觞曲水。 以为 古义:把„„作为。今义:认为。 6、所以游目骋怀 所以 古:? 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 凭借，用来。今: ?表因果关系的连词; 7、俯仰一世 俯仰 古义:形容时间短暂。 今义:低头抬头 8、俯察品类之盛 品类 古:物品，物类。指天地万物。今义:物品的种类 三、词类活用 1、群贤毕至，少长咸集。少，年龄轻的人，长，年龄大的人。均是形容词作名词。贤，贤德之人，形容词作名词。 2、固知一死生为虚诞。一，名词作动词，等同，把„„看作一样。 3、齐彭殇为妄作。“齐”字形容词作动词，把„„看作相等。 4、死生亦大矣， 大事 形容词作名词 5、名词作动词 ?映带左右 环绕 ?一觞一咏 喝酒 6、动词的使动用法 ，所以游目骋怀， 使„„纵展 使„„奔驰 ，犹不能不以之兴怀，使(怀)兴，即:使感叹产生， 四、一词多义 (一)临 ,、未尝不临文嗟悼，不能喻之于怀:面对，引申为“阅读”。 ,、把酒临风，其喜洋洋者矣:面对，引申为“迎”。 ,、临不测之渊，以为固:面对。 ,、故临崩寄臣以大事也:将要。 (二)一 (1) 一起。例:若合一契 (2) 一样。例:其致一也 (3) 看作一样。例:固知一死生为虚诞。 (4) 一边„„一边„„。例:一觞一咏 (三)次 1、列坐其次 旁边 水边 2、又间令吴广之次所旁丛祠中 驻扎 3、凡用兵之法，全国为上，破国次之 次一等 4、余船以次俱进 次序 5、太上不辱先，其次不辱身: 下一等。 6、陈胜、吴广次当行: 次序、按次序引申为“轮到” (四)致 1、所以兴怀，其致一也 情致 2、假舆马者，非利足也，而致千里 达到 in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the 3、家贫，无从致书以观 得到 4、此人可就见，不可屈致也 招致 (五)修 1、此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹 高 2、况修短随化，终期于尽 长 3、怠者不能修，而忌者畏人修 学习 进步 4、是故事修而谤兴，德高而毁来 办好 5、乃重修岳阳楼，增其旧制 修建 6、修守战之具 整治 (六)期 1、况修短随化，终期于尽 至 、及 ，注定 2、不期修古，不法常可 期望、要求 3、会天大雨，道不通，度已失期 时间期限 4、期(jī )年之后 周、满 5、、君与家君期日中 约定 (七)之 1、动词，往，到达。 例:所之既倦。 2、代词，回指上文中的事。 例:以之兴怀。 3、结助，取消句子独立性。 例:夫人之相与。 、结助，定语标志。 例:极视听之娱。 4 5、仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛 助词 表定语后置 6、曾不知老之将至 用在主谓间，取消句子独立性 7、及其所之既倦 动词 往 达到 8、每览昔人兴感之由 助词 的 (八) 所以 1、所以兴怀，其致一也 表原因 2、所以游目骋怀，足以极视听之娱 以此 用来 3、吾知所以距子者，吾不言 表方法 群贤毕至 毕:都 少长咸集 咸:都 列坐其次 列坐:排列而坐 暂得于己 暂:一时 因寄所托 因:依、随着 信可乐也 信:实在 以之兴怀 以:因 。 兴:发生、引起 不能喻之于怀 喻:明白 固知一死生为虚诞 固:本来、当然 五、特殊句式 1、死生亦大矣。判断句: 2、会于会稽山阴之兰亭(介宾短语:于+宾语 状语后置); 3、不能喻之于怀(状语后置); 4、当其欣于所遇(介词结构后置 ，状语后置); 5、虽无丝竹管弦之盛(定语后置); 6、仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛(定语后置) in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the 7、省略句:引(之)以为流觞曲水 必修二《游褒禅山记》 一、通假字 1.长乐王回深父。 父，通“甫”，古代对男子的美称。 二、词类活用 1.始舍于其址。 舍:名词活用为动词，筑舍定居。 2.名之曰褒禅。 名:名词活用为动词，命名，称呼。 3.有泉侧出。 侧:名词作状语，在一侧。 4.问其深， 则其好游者不能穷也。 深:形容词用作名词，深度。 5.好游者亦不能穷也。 穷:形容词活用为动词。穷尽，走到头。 6.而其见愈奇。 见:动词作名词，见到的景象。 7.盖其又深，则其至又加少矣。 至:动词用作名词，到达的人。 8.火尚足以明也。 明:形容词用作动词，照明。 9.不得极夫游之乐也。 极:形容词作动词，尽情享受。 10.而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远。 险远:形容词用作名词，险远的地方。 11.世之谬其传而莫能名者，何可胜道也哉。 谬:形容词的使动用法，弄错，使„„错。 传:动词作名词，流传的文字。 名:名词作动词，说明白。 三、文言固定句式 1.其孰能讥之乎,(难道„„吗,) 2.何可胜道也哉～(哪里„„呢～) 3.此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也。(这就是„„的缘故。) 四、特殊句式 1.有志与力，而又不随(之)以怠。(省宾语) 2.余于仆碑，又以(之)悲夫古书之不存。(省宾语) 3.今所谓慧空禅院者，褒之庐冢也。(判断句) 4.此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也。(判断句) 5.古人之观于天地、山川、虫鱼、鸟兽，往往有得。(介词短语后置句) 6、唐浮图慧褒始舍于其址 (介词短语后置句) 7.此余之所得也(判断句) 五、一词多义 乃 1. ?以其乃华山之阳名之也(副词，表示判断，可译为“是”“就是”) ?巫医乐师百工之人，君子不齿，今其智乃反不能及，何也(竟，竟然，居然) ?良乃人，具告沛公(于是) ?于是为长安君约车百乘，质于齐，兵乃出(才) 2.道 ?有碑仆道(路，道路) ?师者，所以传道受业解惑也(道理) ?于是废先王之道，焚百家之言，以愚黔首(主张) ?何可胜道也哉(说，讲) in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the ?策之不以其道(方法) 3.盖 ?日初出大如车盖(车盖) ?盖失强援，不能独完(承接上文，表示原因，可译为“因为”“是因为”“是由于”等) ?况刘豫州王室之胄，英才盖世，众士仰慕，若水之归海(超过，胜过) ?盖其又深，则其至又加少矣(有“大概”的意思) 5、名 以其乃华山之阳名之也 本义“命名” 人有百口，口有百舌，不能名其一处也 “说明”、“说出” 莫名其妙 “说出、说明” 后世之谬其传而莫能名者 “说出、说明” 6、所以 “所以”是文言中一种常见的凝固格式，由助词“所”和介词“以”组成，表示两种基本的意义，依介词“以”表示的不同意义而定。 “以”当“用”讲时，“所以”表示“„„的方法”之义，《墨子•公输》“吾知所以拒子矣”中的“所以拒子”的意思便是“抵抗你的方法”; “以”当“因”“由”讲时多，“所以”表示“„„的缘故”之义，本文中“此所以学者不能不深思而慎取之也”的“所以”便是“„„的缘故”的意思。 、文 7 ?独其为文犹可识，曰“花山”(文字) ?不以木为之者，文理有疏密(纹) ?属予作文以记之(文章) ?文过饰非(掩饰) 8、.然 ?至于颠覆，理固宜然(如此，这样) ?吴广以为然(对，正确) ?有穴窈然(形容词词尾，“„„的样子” ?然视其左右，来而记之者已少(但，但是) 9、其 (1)始舍于其址。(代词，它的，代华山) (2)以故其后名之曰褒禅。(代词，那) (3)距其院东五里。(代词，那个) (4)以其乃华山之阳名之也。(代词，它) (5)其文漫灭。(代词，它的，代仆碑) (6)独其为文犹可识曰“花山”。(代词，它上面) (7)其下平旷，有泉侧出。(代词，它的，代华山) (8)问其深。(代词，代上文“有穴窈然”的“穴”，译作“那个洞”) (9)则其好游者不能穷也。(代词，代“好游者”，译作“那些”) (10)入之愈深，其进愈难，而其见愈奇。(“其进”的“其”是指代第一个分句，译作“那”，“其见”的“其”是指代第一、二分句，也译作“那”) (11)然视其左右，来而记之者已少。(代词，它的，代后洞) (12)盖其又深。(代词，指代后洞，译作“那”) (13)则其至又加少矣。(代词，代那些) in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the (14)既其出。(句中语气助词，没有什么实际意义) (15)则或咎其欲出者。(代词，指代“欲出者”，译作“那”) (16)而余亦悔其随之而不得极夫游之乐也。(第一人称代词，自己) (17)以其求思之深而无不在也。(代词，他们) (18)其孰能讥之乎,(副词“其„„乎”这个固定格式，用来表示反问，可译作:难道„„吗,) (19)后世之谬其传而莫能名者。(代词，指代那些以讹传讹的情况，可译为“那”) 10、余与四人拥火以入 以:相当于“而”，修饰关系 夫夷且近 以:相当于“而” 并列关系 险以远 以:相当于“而” 并列关系 11、于人为可讥 于:在 12、古人之观于天地 观:观察，动词 非常之观 观:景象，名词 13、往往有得 得:心得、收获 名词 14、无物以相之 相:帮助，动词 15、又以悲夫古书之不存 悲:感叹 六、古今异义词 1.比好游者尚不能十一。 古义:十分之一。 今义:数词。 世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观。 2. 古义:不平常。今义:用作表程度的副词，十分，很。 3.此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也。 古义:泛指求学的人，指读书人。 今义:特指有专门学问的人。 4.此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也。 古义:是代词“所”与介词“以”结合，相当于“„„的原因”。 今义:常用来表示因果关系的连词。 5.于是余又叹焉。 古义:“于”，介词，对;“是”，代词，这件事。为单音词连用。 今义:合用为一个连词。 必修二《赤壁赋》 一、 通假字 1(举酒属客 举匏尊以相属(属，通“嘱”劝酒 ) 2(浩浩乎如冯虚御风 (冯，通“凭”乘) 3(山川相缪 (缪，通“缭”连结、盘绕) 4(杯盘狼籍 (籍，通“藉”，凌乱) 二、词类活用 1(歌窈窕之章 扣舷而歌之(歌，名作动 唱) 2(舞幽壑之潜蛟，泣孤舟之嫠妇 (舞，使„„起舞;泣，使„„哭泣) 3(正襟危坐(正，形作动 整理) 4(月明星稀，乌鹊南飞(南，名作状 向南) 5(西望夏口，东望武昌(西、东，名作状，向西、向东) 6(方其破荆州，下江陵，顺流而东也 (下、东:名作动，攻占，向东进军、in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the 东下) 7(况吾与子渔樵于江渚之上(渔樵，名作动，打鱼砍柴) 8(侣鱼虾而友麋鹿 (侣、友:意动用法 以„„为伴、以„„为友) 9、不知东方之既白(白:显出白色，形作动) 三、古今异义 1(白露横江，水光接天(古义:白茫茫的水汽;今义:二十四节气之一) 2(凌万顷之茫然(古义:浩荡渺远的样子;今义:完全不知道的样子) 四、一词多义 1(望: 七月之望(名词，阴历的每月十五日) 望美人兮天一方(动词 眺望，向远处看) 2(歌: 扣舷而歌(唱) 歌曰(歌词) 倚歌而和之(歌声) 3(如: 纵一苇之所如(往) 浩浩乎如冯虚御风(像) 飘飘乎如遗世独立(像) 4(然: 其声呜呜然(„„的样子，像声词词尾) 何为其然也(这样) 5(长: 抱明月而长终(永远) 而卒莫消长也(增长) 6(于: 苏子与客泛舟游于赤壁之下(在) 月出于东山之上(从) 徘徊于斗牛之间(在) 此非孟德之困于周郎者乎(被) 托遗响于悲风(给) 7(而: 羽化而登仙(表承接) 扣舷而歌(表修饰) 倚歌而和之(表修饰) 正襟危坐而问之(表修饰) 侣鱼虾而友麋鹿(表并列) 逝者如斯而未偿往也(表转折) 耳得之而为声(表因果) 8(之: 凌万顷之茫然(助词，定语后置的标志词) 扣舷而歌之(音节助词) 倚歌而和之(代词，代“歌”) 哀吾生之须臾(助词，取独) in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the 9(其: 而不知其所止(代词，它，指“一苇”) 其声呜呜然(代词，那) 何为其然也(代词，指箫声) 方其破荆州(代词，他，指曹孟德) 五、特殊句式 1(苏子与客泛舟游于赤壁之下(介宾短语后置) 2(徘徊于斗牛之间(介宾短语后置) 3(何为其然也(宾语前置) 4(而今安在哉(宾语前置) 5(此非孟德之困于周郎者乎(被动句) 6(而又何羡乎(宾语前置) 7(凌万顷之茫然(定语后置) 8(是造物之无尽藏也。(判断句) 9(渺渺兮予怀(主谓倒装) 六、其他重点字词 1、七月既望 (农历每月十六) 2、白露横江(笼罩) 、纵一苇之所如(纵:任，如:往) 3 4、凌万顷之茫然(越过) 5、浩浩乎如冯虚御风(浩浩:广阔，辽远;冯虚:凌空、凭空) 6、渺渺兮予怀(悠远的样子) 7、倚歌而和之(倚:循，依;和:唱和) 8、余音袅袅，不绝如缕(袅袅:形容声音婉转悠长，缕:细丝) 9、正襟危坐(端正) 10、方其破荆州(方，当) 11、固一世之雄也(本来) 12、哀吾生之须臾(片刻) 13、知不可乎骤得(骤:突然;骤得轻易得到) 14、则天地曾不能以一瞬(曾:竟，连„„都„„;一瞬:一眨眼，比喻时间短 暂) 15、而吾与子之所共适(共同享用) 16、虽一毫而莫取 (虽:即使) 17、苏子愀然 (容色改变的样子) 18、卒莫消长也(卒:到底) 19、盈虚者如彼 (盈:满) 必修二《孔雀东南飞》 一、 通假字 1、终老不复取 通“娶” 2(箱帘六七十 通“奁”，放东西的小器物 3(蒲苇纫如丝 实 通“韧”,柔软而结 4(府吏见丁宁 也写做“叮咛”,嘱咐 in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the 5(虽与府吏要 通“邀”，约 7(摧藏马悲哀同“脏”,脏 二、 词类活用 1(名词活用作状语 孔雀东南飞 向东南 手巾掩口啼 用手巾 卿当日胜贵 一天天地 2(名词活用作动词 五里一徘徊 飞五里 绿碧青丝绳 用绳捆 腰若流纨素 腰束 自名为鸳鸯命名 取名 自名秦罗敷, 名叫 3(形容词活用作动词 时人伤之 为„„伤心 足以荣汝身 使„„荣耀 逆以煎我怀 使??像受煎熬一样 便利此月内 以??为最吉利 千万不复全 保全 三、偏义复合词和 同义复合词 1(偏义复合词: 两个意义相关或相反的词,连起 来当作一个单词使用,实际上只 取其中一个词的意义,另一个词 只作陪衬。 (1)便可白公姥 意义偏“姥”，指婆婆 (2)昼夜勤作息 意义偏“作”，指劳作 (3)我有亲父兄 意义偏“兄”，指兄长 (4)我有亲父母 意义偏“母”，指母亲 (5)其日牛马嘶 牛马 意义偏“马”， (6)进退无颜仪 意义偏“进”，指进家门 (7)逼迫兼弟兄 意义偏“兄”，指兄长 2(同义复词 (1) 心中常苦悲 痛苦 悲伤 (2) 妾不堪驱使 使唤 (3) 此妇无礼节 礼节 (4) 女行无偏斜 不端正 (5) 举动自专由 自作主张 (6)(逼迫有阿母 逼迫胁迫 (7)( 往昔初阳岁 以前 (8)(不久当归还 回来 (9)( 伶俜萦苦辛 辛苦 (10)(谓言无罪过 过错 (11)(留待作遗施 赠送施与 (12)(嬉戏莫相忘 玩耍 (13)(仍更被驱遣 驱赶打发 in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the (14)(何言复来还 回来 (15)(磐石无转移 动摇 (16)(进退无颜仪 颜面容貌 (17)(汝今何罪过 过错 (18)(阿母大悲摧 悲伤伤心 (19)(幸可广问讯 立刻 (20)(登即相许和 答应 (21)(便可作婚姻 亲家 (22)便利此月内 吉利、方便 (23)良吉三十日 有利适宜 好 (24)交语速装束 收拾整理 (25)摧藏马悲哀 悲伤哀伤 (26)嗟叹使心伤 感叹叹息 (27) 蹑履相逢迎 迎接 (28) 逼迫兼弟兄 逼迫胁迫 (29) 枝枝相覆盖 遮盖 (30) 且暂还家去 暂且 (31) 会不相从许 听从答应 四、 古今异义 (1) 君家妇难为 古义，难当。 今义，表示使另为难,或客套话,用于感谢别人代自己做事。 (2) 妾不堪驱使 古义,使唤。 今义，强迫别人按自己的意志行动。 (3) 感君区区怀/何乃太区区 古义,?真情挚意; ?见识短浅 今义,形容数量少,人或事物不重要。 (4) 汝岂得自由 古义，自作主张。 今义,不受约束.不受限制。 (5) 可怜体无比 古义,可爱。 今义,值得同情与怜悯。 (6) 本自无教训 古义,教养 今义,从错误失败中取得的知识。 (7) 自可断来信 古义,来送信的使者。今义,寄来的书信。 (8) 处分适兄意 古义,处理安排。 今义,对犯罪或犯错误的人按情节轻重作出决定。 (9) 便利此月内 古义,吉利 今义,方便。 (10) 叶叶相交通 古义,交互相通。 今义,指往来通达。 (11) 蹑履相逢迎 古义,迎接,迎着。 今义,说好话巴结别人。 五、 一词多义 自 代词，解释为“自己” 1(自誓不嫁 2(亦自缢于庭树 3(不图子自归 4(不迎而自归 in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the 5(自挂东南枝 6(举动自专由 7(汝岂得自由 8(进止敢自专 9(那得自任专 作代词，意犹“其” 1(自名秦罗敷 2(自名为鸳鸯 作介词， “从”，“自从” 自君别我后 作副词 本 本是 即 ，马上 1(我自不驱卿 2(本自无教训 3(自可断来信 作连词，相当于“而”或“自然” 葳蕤自生光 作动词,犹“有” 物物各自异 助词,无义 好自相扶将 相 ?相见常日稀(互相。表示双方互相对待的关系，副词) ?儿已薄禄相(相貌,命相，名词。) ?誓不相隔卿(表示一方对另一方有所动作,是偏指一方,可不译出) ?及时相遣归(指代兰芝,可译作“我”) ?好自相扶将(指代仲卿母.可译作“老人家”) ?还必相迎取(指代兰芝,可译作“你”) ?会不相从许(指代仲卿.可译作“你”) ?蹑履相逢迎(指代仲卿.可译为“他”) 可译作“他”) ?登即相许和(指代媒人. ?不得便相许(指代媒人.可译作“你” ) 更 夜夜达五更 古时夜间计时单位 徐徐更谓之 再，又 仍更被驱遣便还，还是 为 ?为仲卿母所遣(被,介词，wéi) ?十七为君妇(做,作为,成为,动词，wéi) ?为诗云尔(作，写,动词，读wéi) ?非为织作迟(是,动词。读wéi。或作“因为”“由于”,介词。读wéi) ?阿母为汝求(替,给,介词。读wèi) ?始尔未为久(算,算作,动词。读wéi) ?慎勿为妇死(为了,连词。读wèi) 举 ?举动自专由(行动，名词) ?莫令事不举(办成功,动词) ?举言谓新妇(拿,动词) |?举手长劳劳(举起,抬起,动词) 言 ?举言谓新妇(话,名词) ?谓言无罪过(以为,动词) ?何言复来还(讲,说,动词) 故 ?大人故嫌迟(总是、老是,副词) ?知是故人来(旧,形容词) in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the ?故遣来贵门(所以,连词) (5)意 ?何意致不厚(故，原因,名词) ?吾意久怀忿(心,心意,名词) ?处分适兄意(主意,名词) 适 ?始适还家门(出嫁,动词。) ?处分适兄意(适合,依照,动词。) ?适得府君书(刚才,刚刚,副词。) 令 ?县令遣媒来(官名,即县长,名词。) ?便言多令才(美好,形容词。) ?莫令事不举(便,让,动词。) (8)见 ?相见常日稀(看见,动词。) ?君既若见录(我,指兰芝,代词。) ?渐见愁煎迫(被,介词。) (9)谢 ?谢家来贵门(辞别,动词。) ) ?阿母谢媒人(道歉,动词。 ?多谢后世人(劝告,动词。) (应 ?汝可去应之(答应,动词) ?六合正相应(合适,动词) ?零泪应声落(应和,随着,动词) ?以我应他人(许配,动词) 何 ?何意致不厚(什么，疑问代词。) ?隐隐何甸甸(何等。) ?汝今何罪过(什么，疑问代词。) ?作计何不量(为什么，疑问副词。) 五、文言句式 (一)判断句 (1)汝是大家子(判断句，“是”式) (2)非为织作迟，君家妇难为 1.状语后置句 仕宦于台阁:介词结构后置，应为“于台阁仕宦” 便复在旦夕:介词结构后置，应为“便在旦夕复” 2.宾语前置句 誓天不相负:“相”代指刘兰芝，宾语前置 君既若见录:“见”代指刘兰芝，宾语前置 3.主谓倒装句 踯躅青骢马:主谓倒装，应为“青骢马踯躅” 可怜体无比:主谓倒装，应为“体无比可怜” in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the (三)被动句 为仲卿母所遣:“为„„所„„”表被动 同是被逼迫(被动句，“被”式) (四)省略句 出置南窗下:“南窗”前省略介词“于” in southwest of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the party's struggle, develop democratic United Front against Japan, established the armed forces and the anti-Japanese base area, decided to establish the CPC Zhejiang Committee. In February 1939, with Gu Yuliang, Secretary Zhu, as Minister, Jie Xu into a propaganda Minister, Zhang Zhihua as women's Minister, Huang yan as youth Minister, zhexi recorder of Penrhyn as military Secretary of the establishment. Hanchang organization attached to the recorders of the West. After the Spring Festival, Zhu Xi was determined to rally, led by Wang Hesong more than more than 100 people, with "first Road South into the team headquarters the name of" back from Wuzhen to Wujiang yan ... Is month, established the Tomb area 1th branch-East water Hong Kong Branch, Branch Secretary Shen Yingjie. Is autumn, the Kuomintang Zhejiang Provincial Government in Southwest Bureau to intensify its anti-communist, ordered political team training in tianmu mountain, is intended to eliminate in the political power of the Communist Party, thorough restructuring of the province's political team to make it become a tool of anti-Communist. In view of this situation, recorder of the West direction West open mass work has been difficult, political signs should not be used, only all go underground, the party's work to continue. To do this, take appropriate measures by a party organization, party members in the Organization of political withdrawal, transfer or make public career as cover, into a secret struggle. In November, Yang and the victory of the battle of the