Degrees of protection provided
by enclosures (IP Code)
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
IEC
60529
Edition 2.1
2001-02
Reference number
IEC 60529:1989+A1:1999(E)
Edition 2:1989 consolidated with amendment 1:1999
This English-language version is derived from the original
bilingual publication by leaving out all French-language
pages. Missing page numbers correspond to the French-
language pages.
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Degrees of protection provided
by enclosures (IP Code)
For price, see current catalogue
IEC 2001 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
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INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
IEC
60529
Edition 2.1
2001-02
XCommission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
PRICE CODE
Edition 2:1989 consolidated with amendment 1:1999
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD...........................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................11
Clause
1 Scope and object............................................................................................................ 13
2 Normative references ..................................................................................................... 15
3 Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 15
4 Designations ..................................................................................................................19
4.1 Arrangement of the IP Code .................................................................................. 19
4.2 Elements of the IP Code and their meanings ......................................................... 21
4.3 Examples for the use of letters in the IP Code ....................................................... 23
5 Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts and against solid foreign
objects indicated by the first characteristic numeral ........................................................ 23
5.1 Protection against access to hazardous parts ........................................................ 23
5.2 Protection against solid foreign objects ................................................................. 25
6 Degrees of protection against ingress of water indicated by the second
characteristic numeral .................................................................................................... 27
7 Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated
by the additional letter .................................................................................................... 31
8 Supplementary letters..................................................................................................... 33
9 Examples of designations with the IP Code .................................................................... 33
9.1 IP Code not using optional letters: ......................................................................... 33
9.2 IP Code using optional letters:............................................................................... 35
10 Marking .......................................................................................................................... 35
11 General requirements for tests ....................................................................................... 37
11.1 Atmospheric conditions for water or dust tests....................................................... 37
11.2 Test samples......................................................................................................... 37
11.3 Application of test requirements and interpretation of test results .......................... 37
11.4 Combination of test conditions for the first characteristic numeral.......................... 37
11.5 Empty enclosures .................................................................................................. 39
12 Tests for protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the first
characteristic numeral .................................................................................................... 39
12.1 Access probes....................................................................................................... 39
12.2 Test conditions ...................................................................................................... 39
12.3 Acceptance conditions........................................................................................... 43
12.3.1 For low-voltage equipment (rated voltages not exceeding 1 000 V
a.c. and 1 500 V d.c.) ................................................................................ 43
12.3.2 For high-voltage equipment (rated voltages exceeding 1 000 V a.c.
and 1 500 V d.c.) ....................................................................................... 43
12.3.3 For equipment with hazardous mechanical parts........................................ 43
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Clause Page
13 Tests for protection against solid foreign objects indicated by the first
characteristic numeral .................................................................................................... 45
13.1 Test means ........................................................................................................... 45
13.2 Test conditions for first characteristic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4 ...................................... 45
13.3 Acceptance conditions for first characteristic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4 ........................... 45
13.4 Dust test for first characteristic numerals 5 and 6 .................................................. 45
13.5 Special conditions for first characteristic numeral 5 ............................................... 49
13.5.1 Test conditions for first characteristic numeral 5 ........................................ 49
13.5.2 Acceptance conditions for first characteristic numeral 5............................. 49
13.6 Special conditions for first characteristic numeral 6 ............................................... 49
13.6.1 Test conditions for first characteristic numeral 6 ........................................ 49
13.6.2 Acceptance conditions for first characteristic numeral 6............................. 49
14 Tests for protection against water indicated by the second characteristic numeral .......... 49
14.1 Test means ........................................................................................................... 49
14.2 Test conditions ...................................................................................................... 51
14.2.1 Test for second characteristic numeral 1 with the drip box ......................... 53
14.2.2 Test for second characteristic numeral 2 with the drip box ......................... 53
14.2.3 Test for second characteristic numeral 3 with oscillating tube
or spray nozzle .......................................................................................... 53
14.2.4 Test for second characteristic numeral 4 with oscillating tube
or spray nozzle .......................................................................................... 55
14.2.5 Test for second characteristic numeral 5 with the 6,3 mm nozzle ............... 57
14.2.6 Test for second characteristic numeral 6 with the 12,5 mm nozzle ............. 57
14.2.7 Test for second characteristic numeral 7: temporary immersion between
0,15 m and 1 m ......................................................................................... 57
14.2.8 Test for second characteristic numeral 8: continuous immersion
subject to agreement ................................................................................. 59
14.3 Acceptance conditions........................................................................................... 59
15 Tests for protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the additional letter ...... 59
15.1 Access probes....................................................................................................... 59
15.2 Test conditions ...................................................................................................... 59
15.3 Acceptance conditions........................................................................................... 61
Annex A (informative) Examples of IP coding for the verification of protection
of low-voltage equipment against access to hazardous parts ................................................ 75
Annex B (informative) Summary of responsibilities of relevant technical committees............ 87
Bibliography.......................................................................................................................... 91
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Page
Figure 1 – Jointed test finger ................................................................................................ 63
Figure 2 – Test device to verify protection against dust (dust chamber) ................................ 65
Figure 3 – Test device to verify protection against vertically falling water drops (drip box) .... 67
Figure 4 – Test device to verify protection against spraying and splashing water;
second characteristic numerals 3 and 4 (oscillating tube)...................................................... 69
Figure 5 – Hand-held device to verify protection against spraying and splashing water;
second characteristic numerals 3 and 4 (spray nozzle) ......................................................... 71
Figure 6 – Test device to verify protection against water jets (hose nozzle) .......................... 73
Table 1 – Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the first
characteristic numeral........................................................................................................... 25
Table 2 – Degrees of protection against solid foreign objects indicated by the first
characteristic numeral........................................................................................................... 27
Table 3 – Degrees of protection against water indicated by the second
characteristic numeral........................................................................................................... 29
Table 4 – Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the
additional letter ..................................................................................................................... 31
Table 5 – Test conditions for degrees of protection indicated by the first
characteristic numeral........................................................................................................... 39
Table 6 – Access probes for the tests for protection of persons against access to
hazardous parts .................................................................................................................... 41
Table 7 – Test means for the tests for protection against solid foreign objects ...................... 45
Table 8 – Test means and main test conditions for the tests for protection against water ...... 51
Table 9 – Total water flow rate qv under IPX3 and IPX4 test conditions –
Mean flow rate per hole qvl = 0,07 l/min................................................................................ 55
IP Codes of examples in annex A ......................................................................................... 85
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 9 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED
BY ENCLOSURES (IP Code)
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the
two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60529 has been prepared by technical committee 70: Degrees of
protection by enclosures.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1976 and constitutes a
technical revision.
This consolidated version of IEC 60529 is based on the second edition (1989) [documents
70(CO)13 + 70(CO)16 and 70(CO)15 + 70(CO)17], and its amendment 1 (1999) [documents
70/91/FDIS and 70/92/RVD].
It bears the edition number 2.1.
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1.
Annexes A and B are for information only.
The contents of the corrigendum of January 2003 have been included in this copy.
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 11 –
INTRODUCTION
This standard describes a system for classifying the degrees of protection provided by the
enclosures of electrical equipment. Whilst this system is suitable for use with most types of
electrical equipment, it should not be assumed that all the listed degrees of protection are
applicable to a particular type of equipment. The manufacturer of the equipment should be
consulted to determine the degrees of protection available and the parts of equipment to
which the stated degree of protection applies.
The adoption of this classification system, wherever possible, Will promote uniformity in
methods of describing the protection provided by the enclosure and in the tests to prove the
various degrees of protection. It should also reduce the number of types of test devices
necessary to test a wide range. of products.
This second edition of IEC 60529 takes account of experiences with the first edition, and
clarifies the requirements. It provides for an optional extension of the IP Code by an additional
letter A, B, C, or D if the actual protection of persons against access to hazardous parts is
higher than that indicated by the first characteristic numeral.
In general, enclosures with an IP coding to the first edition would be eligible for the same
code according to this edition.
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 13 –
DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED
BY ENCLOSURES (IP Code)
1 Scope and object
This standard applies to the classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosures for
electrical equipment with a rated voltage not exceeding 72,5 kV.
The object of this standard is to give:
a) Definitions for degrees of protection provided by enclosures of electrical equipment as
regards:
1) protection of persons against access to hazardous parts inside the enclosure;
2) protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign
objects;
3) protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful effects due to the
ingress of water.
b) Designations for these degrees of protection.
c) Requirements for each designation.
d) Tests to be performed to verify that the enclosure meets the requirements of this standard.
It will remain the responsibility of individual technical committees to decide on the extent and
manner in which, the classification is used in their standards and to define “enclosure” as it
applies to their equipment. However, it is recommended that for a given classification the
tests do not differ from those specified in this standard. If necessary, complementary
requirements may be included in the relevant product standard. A guide for the details to be
specified in relevant product standards is given in annex B.
For a particular type of equipment, a technical committee may specify different requirements
provided that at least the same level of safety is ensured.
This standard deals only with enclosures that are in all other respects suitable for their
intended use as specified in the relevant product standard and which from the point of view of
materials and workmanship ensure that the claimed degrees of protection are maintained
under the normal conditions of use.
This standard is also applicable to empty enclosures provided that the general test
requirements are met and that the selected degree of protection is suitable for the type of
equipment to be protected.
Measures to protect both the enclosure and the equipment inside the enclosure against
external influences or conditions such as
– mechanical impacts
– corrosion
– corrosive solvents (for example, cutting liquids)
– fungus
– vermin
– solar radiation
– icing
– moisture (for example, produced by condensation)
– explosive atmospheres
and the protection against contact with hazardous moving parts external to the enclosure
(such as fans), are matters for the relevant product standard to be protected.
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Barriers external to the enclosure and not attached to it and obstacles which have been
provided solely for the safety of personnel are not considered as a part of the enclosure and
are not dealt with in this standard.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility
of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC
and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 60050-195:1998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 195: Earthing and
protection against electric shock
IEC 60050(826):1982, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 826: Electrical
installations of buildings
IEC 60068-1:1988, Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-68:1994, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test L: Dust and sand
IEC 60071-2:1996, Insulation co-ordination – Part 2: Application guide
3 Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1
enclosure
a part providing protection of equipment against certain external influences and, in any
direction, protection against direct contact [IEV 826-03-12]*.
NOTE This definition taken from the existing International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) needs the following
explanations under the scope of this standard:
1) Enclosures provide protection of persons or livestock against access to hazardous parts.
2) Barriers, shapes of openings or any other means – whether attached to the enclosure or formed by the
enclosed equipment – suitable to prevent or limit the penetration of the specified test probes are considered
as a part of the enclosure, except when they can be removed without the use of a key or tool.
3.2
direct contact
contact of persons or livestock with live parts [IEV 826-03-05]
NOTE This IEV definition is given for information. In this standard “direct contact” is replaced by “access to
hazardous parts”.
––––––––
* IEC 60050(826).
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3.3
degree of protection
the extent of protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts, against.
ingress of solid foreign objects and/or against ingress of water and verified by standardized
test methods
3.4
IP Code
a coding system to indicate the degrees of protection provided by an enclosure against
access to hazardous parts, ingress of solid foreign objects, ingress of water and to give
additional information in connection with such protection
3.5
hazardous part
a part that is hazardous to approach or touch
3.5.1
hazardous live part
a live part which, under certain conditions of external influences, can give an electric shock
(see IEC 60050-195, 195-06-05)
3.5.2
hazardous mechanical part
a moving part, other than a smooth rotating shaft, that is hazardous to touch
3.6
protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts
the protection of persons against
– contact with hazardous low-voltage live parts
– contact with hazardous mechanical parts
– approach to hazardous high-voltage live parts below adequate clearance inside an enclosure
NOTE This protection may be provided
– by means of the enclosure itself,
– by means of barriers as part of the enclosure or distances inside the enclosure.
3.7
adequate clearance for protection against access to hazardous parts
a distance to prevent contact or approach of an access probe to a hazardous part
3.8
access probe
a test probe simulating in a conventional manner a part of a person or a tool, or the like, held
by a person to verify adequate clearance from hazardous parts
3.9
object probe
a test probe simulating a solid foreign object to verify the possibility of ingress into an
enclosure
3.10
opening
a gap or aperture in an enclosure which exists or may be formed by the application
of a test probe at the specified force
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4 Designations
The degree of protection provided by an enclosure is indicated by the IP Code in the following
way:
4.1 Arrangement of the IP Code
IP 2 3 C H
Code letters
(International Protection)
First characteristic numeral
(numerals 0 to 6, or letter X)
Second characteristic numeral
(numerals 0 to 8, or letter X)
Additional letter (optional)
(letters A, B, C, D)
Supplementary letter (optional)
(letters H, M, S, W)
Where a characteristic numeral is not required to be specified, it shall be replaced by the
letter “X” (“XX” if both numerals are omitted).
Additional letters and/or supplementary letters may be omitted without replacement.
Where more than one supplementary letter is used, the alphabetic sequence shall apply.
If an enclosure provides different degrees of protection for different intended mounting
arrangements, the relevant degrees of protection shall be indicated by the manufacturer in the
instructions related to the respective mounting arrangements.
Details for the marking of an enclosure are given in clause 10.
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4.2 Elements of the IP Code and their meanings
A brief description of the IP Code elements is given in the following chart. Full details are
specified in the clauses indicated in the last column.
Element
Numerals
or letters
Meaning for the protection of
equipment
Meaning for the
protection of
persons
Ref.
Code letters IP – – –
First
characteristic
numeral
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Against ingress of solid foreign
objects
(non-protected)
≥ 50 mm diameter
≥ 12,5 mm diameter
≥ 2,5 mm diameter
≥ 1,0 mm diameter
dust-protected
dust-tight
Against access to
hazardous parts
with
(non-protected)
back of hand
finger
tool
wire
wire
wire
Cl. 5
Second
characteristic
numeral 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Against ingress of water
with harmful effects
(non-protected)
vertically dripping
dripping (15° tilted)
spraying
splashing
jetting
powerful jetting
temporary immersion
continuous immersion
–
Cl. 6
Additional
letter (optional)
A
B
C
D
–
Against access to
hazardous parts
with:
back of hand
finger
tool
wire
Cl. 7
Supplementary
letter (optional)
H
M
S
W
Supplementary information
specific to:
High voltage apparatus
Motion during water test
Stationary during water test
Weather conditions
–
Cl. 8
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4.3 Examples for the use of letters in the IP Code
The following examples are to explain the use and arrangement of letters in the IP Code.
For more comprehensive examples see clause 9.
IP44 – no letters, no options;
IPX5 – omitting first characteristic numeral;
IP2X – omitting second characteristic numeral;
IP20C – using additional letter;
IPXXC – omitting both characteristic numerals, using additional letter;
IPX1C – omitting first characteristic numeral, using additional letter;
IP3XD – omitting second characteristic numeral, using additional letter;
IP23S – using supplementary letter;
IP21CM – using additional letter and supplementary letter;
IPX5/IPX7 – giving two different. degrees of protection by an enclosure against both water
jets and temporary immersion for “versatile” application.
5 Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts and against
solid foreign objects indicated by the first characteristic numeral
The designation with a first characteristic numeral implies that conditions stated in both 5.1
and 5.2 are met.
The first characteristic numeral indicates that:
– the enclosure provides protection of persons against access to hazardous parts by
preventing or limiting the ingress of a part of the human body or an object held by a
person;
and simultaneously
– the enclosure provides protection of equipment against the ingress of solid foreign objects.
An enclosure shall only be designated with a stated degree of protection indicated by the first
characteristic numeral if it also complies with all lower degrees of protection.
However, the tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of protection
need not necessarily be carried out provided that these tests would obviously be met if
applied.
5.1 Protection against access to hazardous parts
Table 1 gives brief descriptions and definitions for the degrees of protection against access to
hazardous parts.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall be specified only by the first characteristic
numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
To comply with the conditions of the first characteristic numeral, adequate clearance shall be
kept between the access probe and hazardous parts.
The tests are specified in clause 12.
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Table 1 – Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated
by the first characteristic numeral
Degree of protectionFirst
characteristic
numeral Brief description Definition
Test
conditions,
see
0 Non-protected – –
1 Protected against access to
hazardous parts with the
back of a hand
The access probe, sphere of 50 mm ∅,
shall have adequate clearance from
hazardous parts
12.2
2 Protected against access to
hazardous parts with a finger
The jointed test finger of 12 mm ∅,
80 mm length, shall have adequate
clearance form hazardous parts
12.2
3 Protected against access to
hazardous parts with a tool
The access probe of 2,5 mm ∅ shall
not penetrate
12.2
4 Protected against access to
hazardous parts with a wire
The access probe of 1,0 mm ∅ shall
not penetrate
12.2
5 Protected against access to
hazardous parts with a wire
The access probe of 1,0 mm ∅ shall
not penetrate
12.2
6 Protected against access to
hazardous parts with a wire
The access probe of 1,0 mm ∅ shall
not penetrate
12.2
NOTE In the case of the first characteristic numerals 3, 4, 5 and 6, protection against access to
hazardous parts is satisfied if adequate clearance is kept. The adequate clearance should be specified by
the relevant product committee in accordance with 12.3.
Due to the simultaneous requirement specified in table 2, the definition "shall not penetrate" is given in
table 1.
5.2 Protection against solid foreign objects
Table 2 gives brief descriptions and the definitions for the degrees of protection against the
penetration of solid foreign objects including dust.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall only be specified by the first characteristic
numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
The protection against the ingress of solid foreign objects implies that the object probes up
to numeral 2 in table 2 shall not fully penetrate the enclosure. This means that the full
diameter of the sphere shall not pass through an opening. in the enclosure. Object probes for
numerals 3 and 4 shall not penetrate the enclosure at all.
Dust-protected enclosures to numeral 5 allow a limited quantity of dust to penetrate under
certain conditions.
Dust-tight enclosures to numeral 6 do not allow any dust to penetrate.
NOTE Enclosures assigned a first characteristic numeral of 1 to 4 generally exclude both regularly and irregularly
shaped solid foreign objects provided that three mutually perpendicular dimensions of the object exceed the
appropriate figure in column 3 of table 2.
The tests are specified in clause 13.
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Table 2 – Degrees of protection against solid foreign objects indicated
by the first characteristic numeral
Degree of protectionFirst
characteristic
numeral Brief description Definition
Test
conditions,
see
0 Non-protected – –
1 Protected against solid foreign
objects of 50 mm ∅ and
greater
The object probe, sphere of 50 mm ∅,
shall not fully penetrate 1)
13.2
2 Protected against solid foreign
objects of 12,5 mm ∅ and
greater
The object probe, sphere of 12,5 mm ∅,
shall not fully penetrate 1)
13.2
3 Protected against solid foreign
objects of 2,5 mm ∅ and
greater
The object probe, sphere of 2,5 mm ∅,
shall not penetrate at all 1)
13.2
4 Protected against solid foreign
objects of 1,0 mm ∅ and
greater
The object probe of 1,0 mm ∅, shall not
penetrate at all 1)
13.2
5 Dust-protected Ingress of dust is not totally prevented,
but dust shall not penetrate in a quantity
to interfere with satisfactory operation of
the apparatus or to impair safety
13.4
13.5
6 Dust-tight No ingress of dust 13.4 and
13.6
1) The full diameter of the object probe shall not pass through an opening of the enclosure.
6 Degrees of protection against ingress of water indicated by the second
characteristic numeral
The second characteristic numeral indicates the degree of protection provided by enclosures
with respect to harmful effects on the equipment due to the ingress of water.
The tests for the second characteristic numeral are carried out with fresh water. The actual
protection may not be satisfactory if cleaning operations with high pressure and/or solvents
are used.
Table 3 gives brief descriptions and definitions of the protection for the degrees represented
by the second characteristic numeral.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall be specified only by the second characteristic
numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
The tests are specified in clause 14.
Up to and including second characteristic numeral 6, the designation implies compliance also
with the requirements for all lower characteristic numerals. However, the tests establishing
compliance with any one of the lower degrees of protection need not necessarily be carried
out provided that these tests obviously would be met if applied.
An enclosure designated with second characteristic numeral 7 or 8 only is considered
unsuitable for exposure to water jets (designated by second characteristic numeral 5 or 6) and
need not comply with requirements for numeral 5 or 6 unless it is dual coded as follows:
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Enclosure passes test for:
water jets
second characteristic
numeral
temporary/continuous
immersion
second characteristic
numeral
Designation
and
marking
Range
of
application
5
6
5
6
–
–
7
7
8
8
7
8
IPX5/IPX7
IPX6/IPX7
IPX5/IPX8
IPX6/IPX8
IPX7
IPX8
Versatile
Versatile
Versatile
Versatile
Restricted
Restricted
Enclosures for “versatile” application indicated in the last column shall meet requirements for
exposure to both water jets and temporary or continuous immersion.
Enclosures for “restricted” application indicated in the last column are considered suitable
only for temporary or continuous immersion and unsuitable for exposure to water jets.
Table 3 – Degrees of protection against water indicated
by the second characteristic numeral
Degree of protectionFirst
characteristic
numeral Brief description Definition
Test
conditions,
see
0 Non-protected – –
1 Protected against vertically
falling water drops
Vertically falling drops shall have no
harmful effects
14.2.1
2 Protected against vertically
falling water drops when
enclosure tilted up to 15°
Vertically falling drops shall have no
harmful effects when the enclosure is
tilted at any angle up to 15” on either
side of the vertical
14.2.2
3 Protected against spraying
water
Water sprayed at an angle up to 60° on
either side of the vertical shall have no
harmful effects
14.2.3
4 Protected against splashing
water
Water splashed against the enclosure
from any direction shall have no harmful
effects
14.2.4
5 Protected against water jets Water projected in jets against the
enclosure from any direction shall have
no harmful effects
14.2.5
6 Protected against powerful
water jets
Water projected in powerful jets against
the enclosure from any direction shall
have no harmful effects
14.2.6
7 Protected against the effects
of temporary immersion in
water
Ingress of water in quantities causing
harmful effects shall not be possible
when the enclosure is temporarily
immersed in water under standardized
conditions of pressure and time
14.2.7
8 Protected against the effects
of continuous immersion in
water
Ingress of water in quantities causing
harmful effects shall not be possible
when the enclosure is continuously
immersed in water under conditions
which shall be agreed between
manufacturer and user but which are
more severe than for numeral 7
14.2.8
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7 Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated
by the additional letter
The additional letter indicates the degree of protection of persons against access to
hazardous parts.
Additional letters are only used
– if the actual protection against access to hazardous parts is higher than that indicated by
the first characteristic numeral
– or if only the protection against access to hazardous parts is indicated, the first
characteristic numeral being then replaced by an X.
For example, such higher protection may be provided by barriers, suitable shape of openings
or distances inside the enclosure.
Table 4 gives access probes considered by convention as representative of parts of the
human body or objects held by a person and the definitions for the degrees of protection
against access to hazardous parts, indicated by additional letters.
An enclosure shall only be designated with a stated degree of protection indicated by the
additional letter if the enclosure also complies with all lower degrees of protection. However,
the tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of protection need not
necessarily be carried out provided that these tests obviously would be met if applied.
The tests are specified in clause 15.
See annex A for examples of the IP coding.
Table 4 – Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated
by the additional letter
Degree of protectionAdditional
letter
Brief description Definition
Test
conditions,
see
A Protected against access
with the back of the hand
The access probe, sphere of 50 mm ∅,
shall have adequate clearance from
hazardous parts
15.2
B Protected against access
with a finger
The jointed test finger of 12 mm ∅,
80 mm length, shall have adequate
clearance form hazardous parts
15.2
C Protected against access
with a tool
The access probe of 2,5 mm ∅,
100 mm length, shall have adequate
clearance from hazardous parts
15.2
D Protected against access
with a wire
The access probe of 1,0 mm ∅,
100 mm length, shall have adequate
clearance from hazardous parts
15.2
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8 Supplementary letters
In the relevant product standard, supplementary information may be indicated by a
supplementary letter following the second characteristic numeral or the additional letter.
Such exceptional cases shall conform with the requirements of this basic safety standard and
the product standard shall state clearly the additional procedure to be carried out during tests
for such a classification.
The letters listed below have already been designated and have the significance as stated:
Letter Significance
H
M
S
W
High-voltage apparatus
Tested for harmful effects due to the ingress of water when
the movable parts of the equipment (for example, the rotor
of a rotating machine) are in motion
Tested for harmful effects due to the ingress of water when
the movable parts of the equipment (for example, the rotor
of a rotating machine) are stationary
Suitable for use under specified weather conditions and
provided with additional protective features or processes
NOTE In the first edition of IEC 60529 the letter “W” with the same meaning was placed immediately after the
code letters “IP”.
Other letters may be used in product standards.*
The absence of the letters S and M implies that the degree of protection does not depend on
whether parts of the equipment are in motion or not. This may necessitate tests being done
under both conditions. However, the test establishing compliance with one of these conditions
is generally sufficient, provided that the test in the other condition obviously would be met if
applied.
9 Examples of designations with the IP Code
9.1 IP Code not using optional letters:
IP 3 4
Code letters
1st characteristic numeral
2nd characteristic numeral
––––––––
* However, in order to avoid any duplicate of supplementary letters the Secretariat of technical committee 70
should be consulted before any new letter is introduced by another technical committee.
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An enclosure with this designation (IP Code)
(3) – protects persons, handling tools having a diameter of 2,5 mm and greater, against
access to hazardous parts;
– protects the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects
having a diameter of 2,5 mm and greater;
(4) – protects the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful effects due to water
splashed against the enclosure from any direction.
9.2 IP Code using optional letters:
IP 2 3 C S
Code letters
1st characteristic numeral
2nd characteristic numeral
Additional letter
Supplementary letter
An enclosure with this designation (IP Code)
(2) – protects persons against access to hazardous parts with fingers;
– protects the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects
having a diameter of 12,5 mm and greater;
(3) – protects the equipment inside the enclosure against the harmful effects due to water
sprayed against the enclosure;
(C) – protects persons handling tools having a diameter of 2,5 mm and greater and a length
not exceeding 100 mm against access to hazardous parts (the tool may penetrate the
enclosure up to its full length);
(S) – is tested for protection against harmful effects due to the ingress of water when all the
parts of the equipment are stationary.
10 Marking
The requirements for marking shall be specified in the relevant product standard.
Where appropriate, such a standard should also specify the method of marking which is to be
used when
– one part of an enclosure has a different degree of protection to that of another part of the
same enclosure;
– the mounting position has an influence on the degree of protection;
– the maximum immersion depth and time are indicated.
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11 General requirements for tests
11.1 Atmospheric conditions for water or dust tests
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant product standard, the tests should be carried out
under the standard atmospheric conditions described in IEC 60068-1.
The recommended atmospheric conditions during the tests are as follows:
Temperature range: 15 °C to 35 °C
Relative humidity: 25 % to 75 %
Air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa
(860 mbar to 1 060 mbar).
11.2 Test samples
The tests specified in this standard are type tests.
Unless otherwise specified in a relevant product standard, the test samples for each test shall
be in a clean and new condition, with all parts in place and mounted in the manner stated by
the manufacturer.
If it is impracticable to test the complete equipment, representative parts or smaller equipment
having the same full-scale design details shall be tested.
The relevant product standard shall specify details such as:
– the number of samples to be tested;
– conditions for mounting, assembling and positioning of the samples, for example by the
use of an artificial surface (ceiling, floor or wall);
NOTE This also applies to equipment intended to be united with other relevant equipment, for example,
components which can be used either alone or in an assembly;
– the pre-conditioning, if any, which is to be used;
– whether to be tested energized or not;
– whether to be tested with its parts in motion or not.
In the absence of such specification, the manufacturer’s instructions shall apply.
11.3 Application of test requirements and interpretation of test results
The application of the general requirements for tests and the acceptance conditions for
equipment containing drain-holes or ventilation openings is the responsibility of the relevant
technical committee.
In the absence of such specification the requirement of this standard shall apply.
The interpretation of test results is the responsibility of the relevant technical committee. In
the absence of a specification the acceptance conditions of this standard shall at least apply.
11.4 Combination of test conditions for the first characteristic numeral
Designation with a first characteristic numeral implies that all test conditions are met for this
numeral:
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Table 5 – Test conditions for degrees of protection indicated
by the first characteristic numeral
Test for protection againstFirst
characteristic
numeral access to hazardous parts solid foreign objects
0 No test required No test required
1 The sphere of 50 mm ∅ shall not fully penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
2 The jointed test finger may penetrate
up to its 80 mm length, but adequate
clearance shall be kept
The sphere of 12,5 mm ∅ shall not fully
penetrate
3 The test rod of 2,5 mm ∅ shall not penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
4 The test wire of 1,0 mm ∅ shall not penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
5 The test wire of 1,0 mm 0 shall not
penetrate and adequate clearance
shall be kept
Dust-protected as specified in table 2
6 The test wire of 1,0 mm 0 shall not
penetrate and adequate clearance
shall be kept
Dust-tight as specified in table 2
In the case of the first characteristic numerals 1 and 2, “not fully penetrate” means that the full diameter
of the sphere shall not pass through an opening of the enclosure.
11.5 Empty enclosures
If the enclosure is tested without equipment inside, detailed requirements shall be indicated
by the enclosure manufacturer in his instructions for the arrangement and spacing of
hazardous parts or parts which might be affected by the penetration of foreign objects
or water.
The manufacturer of the final assembly shall ensure that after the electrical equipment is
enclosed the enclosure meets the declared degree of protection of the final product.
12 Tests for protection against access to hazardous parts indicated
by the first characteristic numeral
12.1 Access probes
Access probes to test the protection of persons against access to hazardous parts are given
in table 6.
12.2 Test conditions
The access probe is pushed against or (in case of the test for first characteristic numeral 2)
inserted through any openings of the enclosure with the force specified in table 6.
For tests on low-voltage equipment, a low-voltage supply (of not less than 40 V and not more
than 50 V) in series with a suitable lamp should be connected between the probe and the
hazardous parts inside the enclosure. Hazardous live parts covered only with varnish or paint,
or protected by oxidation or by a similar process, are covered by a metal foil electrically
connected to those parts which are normally live in operation.
The signal-circuit method should also be applied to the hazardous moving parts of high-
voltage equipment.
Internal moving parts may be operated slowly, where this is possible.
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Table 6 – Access probes for the tests for protection of persons
against access to hazardous parts
First
numeral
Addit.
letter
Access probe Test force
1 A Sphere 50 mm diameter 50 N ± 10 %
2 B Jointed test finger 10 N ± 10 %
3 C Test rod 2,5 mm diameter, 100 mm long 3 N ± 10 %
4, 5, 6 D Test wire 1,0 mm diameter, 100 mm long 1 N ± 10 %
See figure 1
for full
dimensions
IEC 273/01
IEC 274/01
IEC 275/01
IEC 276/01
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12.3 Acceptance conditions
The protection is satisfactory if adequate clearance is kept between the access probe and
hazardous parts.
For the test of first characteristic numeral 1, the access probe 50 mm diameter shall not
completely pass through the opening.
For the test of first characteristic numeral 2, the jointed test finger may penetrate to its 80 mm
length, but the stop face (∅ 50 mm × 20 mm) shall not pass through the opening. Starting
from the straight position, both joints of the test finger shall be successively bent through an
angle of up to 90° with respect to the axis of the adjoining section of the finger and shall be
placed in every possible position.
See annex A for further clarification.
Adequate clearance means:
12.3.1 For low-voltage equipment (rated voltages not exceeding 1 000 V a.c.
and 1 500 V d.c.)
The access probe shall not touch hazardous live parts.
If adequate clearance is verified by a signal circuit between the probe and hazardous parts,
the lamp shall not light.
NOTE The attention of relevant technical committees is drawn to the fact that in some types of electrical
equipment the maximum voltage produced internally (r.m.s. value or d.c. value of the working voltage) is higher
than the rated voltage of the equipment. This maximum voltage should be considered when the dielectric test
voltage and the adequate clearance are determined.
12.3.2 For high-voltage equipment (rated voltages exceeding 1 000 V a.c.
and 1 500 V d.c.)
When the access probe is placed in the most unfavourable position(s), the equipment shall be
capable of withstanding the dielectric tests as specified in the relevant product standard
applicable to the equipment.
Verification may be made either by dielectric test or by inspection of the specified clearance
dimension in air which would ensure that the tests would be satisfactory under the most
unfavourable electric field configuration (see IEC 60071-2).
In the case where an enclosure includes sections at different voltage levels the appropriate
acceptance conditions for adequate clearance shall be applied for each section.
NOTE The attention of relevant technical committees is drawn to the fact that in some types of electrical
equipment the maximum voltage produced internally (r.m.s. value or d.c. value of the working voltage) is higher
than the rated voltage of the equipment. This maximum voltage should be considered when the dielectric test
voltage and the adequate clearance are determined.
12.3.3 For equipment with hazardous mechanical parts:
The access probe shall not touch hazardous mechanical parts.
If adequate clearance is verified by a signal circuit between the probe and hazardous parts,
the lamp shall not light.
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13 Tests for protection against solid foreign objects indicated
by the first characteristic numeral
13.1 Test means
Test means and the main test conditions are given in table 7.
Table 7 – Test means for the tests for protection against solid foreign objects
First
character-
istic numeral
Test means
(object probes and dust chamber)
Test force Test
conditions,
see
0 No test required – –
1 Rigid sphere without handle or guard
0,05
0 50
+ mm diameter
50 N ± 10 % 13.2
2 Rigid sphere without handle or guard
0,2
0 12,5
+ mm diameter
30 N ± 10 % 13.2
3 Rigid steel rod 0,050 2,5
+ mm diameter
with edges free from burrs
3 N ± 10 % 13.2
4 Rigid steel rod 0,050 1,0
+ mm diameter
with edges free from burrs
1 N ± 10 % 13.2
5 Dust chamber figure 2, with or without
underpressure
– 13.4 + 13.5
6 Dust chamber figure 2, with under-
pressure
– 13.4 + 13.6
13.2 Test conditions for first characteristic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4
The object probe is pushed against any openings of the enclosure with the force specified in
table 7.
13.3 Acceptance conditions for first characteristic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4
The protection is satisfactory if the full diameter of the probe specified in table 7 does not
pass through any opening.
NOTE For the first characteristic numerals 3 and 4 the probes specified in table 7 are intended to simulate foreign
objects which may be spherical. Where an enclosure has an indirect or tortuous entry path and there is any doubt
about ingress of a spherical object capable of motion, it may be necessary to examine drawings or to provide
special access for the object probe to be applied with the specified force to the opening(s) where ingress has to be
checked.
13.4 Dust test for first characteristic numerals 5 and 6
The test is made using a dust chamber incorporating the basic principles shown in figure 2
whereby the powder circulation pump may be replaced by other means suitable to maintain
the talcum powder in suspension in a closed test chamber. The talcum powder used shall be
able to pass through a square-meshed sieve the nominal wire diameter of which is 50 µm and
the nominal width of a gap between wires 75 µm. The amount of talcum powder to be used
is 2 kg per cubic metre of the test chamber volume. It shall not have been used for more
than 20 tests.
NOTE Health and safety regulations should be observed in selecting the type of talcum powder and its use.
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Enclosures are of necessity in one of two categories:
Category 1: Enclosures where the normal working cycle of the equipment causes reductions
in air pressure within the enclosure below that of the surrounding air, for
example, due to thermal cycling effects.
Category 2: Enclosures where no pressure difference relative to the surrounding air is
present.
Category 1 enclosures:
The enclosure under test is supported inside the test chamber and the pressure inside the
enclosure is maintained below the surrounding atmospheric pressure by a vacuum pump. The
suction connection shall be made to a hole specially provided for this test. If not otherwise
specified in the relevant product standard, this hole shall be in the vicinity of the vulnerable
parts.
If it is impracticable to make a special hole, the suction connection shall be made to the cable
inlet hole. If there are other holes (for example, more cable inlet holes or drain-holes) these
shall be treated as intended for normal use on site.
The object of the test is to draw into the enclosure, by means of depression, a volume of
air 80 times the volume of the sample enclosure tested without exceeding the extraction rate
of 60 volumes per hour. In no event shall the depression exceed 2 kPa (20 mbar) on the
manometer shown in figure 2.
If an extraction rate of 40 to 60 volumes per hour is obtained the duration of the test is 2 h.
If, with a maximum depression of 2 kPa (20 mbar), the extraction rate is less than 40 volumes
per hour, the test is continued until 80 volumes have been drawn through, or a period of 8 h
has elapsed.
Category 2 enclosures:
The enclosure under test is supported in its normal operating position inside the test chamber,
but is not connected to a vacuum pump. Any drain-hole normally open shall be left open for
the duration of the test. The test shall be continued for a period of 8 h.
Category 1 and category 2 enclosures:
If it is impracticable to test the complete enclosure in the test chamber, one of the following
procedures shall be applied:
– testing of individually enclosed sections of the enclosure;
– testing of representative parts of the enclosure, comprising components such as doors,
ventilation openings, joints, shaft seals, etc., in position during test;
– testing of a smaller enclosure having the same full-scale design details.
In the last two cases, the volume of air to be drawn through the enclosure under test shall be
the same as for the whole enclosure in full scale.
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13.5 Special conditions for first characteristic numeral 5
13.5.1 Test conditions for first characteristic numeral 5
The enclosure shall be deemed category 1 unless the relevant product standard for the
equipment specifies that the enclosure is category 2.
13.5.2 Acceptance conditions for first characteristic numeral 5
The protection is satisfactory if, on inspection, talcum powder has not accumulated in a
quantity or location such that, as with any other kind of dust, it could interfere with the correct
operation of the equipment or impair safety. Except for special cases to be clearly specified in
the relevant product standard, no dust shall deposit where it could lead to tracking along the
creepage distances.
13.6 Special conditions for first characteristic numeral 6
13.6.1 Test conditions for first characteristic numeral 6
The enclosure shall be deemed category 1, whether reductions in pressure below the
atmospheric pressure are present or not.
13.6.2 Acceptance conditions for first characteristic numeral 6
The protection is satisfactory if no deposit of dust is observable inside the enclosure at the
end of the test.
14 Tests for protection against water indicated by the second
characteristic numeral
14.1 Test means
The test means and the main test conditions are given in table 8.
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Table 8 – Test means and main test conditions
for the tests for protection against water
Second charac-
teristic numeral
Test means Water flow rate Duration
of test
Test
conditions,
see
0 No test required – – –
1 Drip box
Figure 3
Enclosure on turntable
0,5
0 1
+ mm/min 10 min 14.2.1
2 Drip box
Figure 3
Enclosure in 4 fixed positions
of 15° tilt
0,5
0 3
+ mm/min 2,5 minfor each
position of tilt
14.2.2
3 Oscillating tube
Figure 4
Spray ± 60° from vertical,
distance max. 200 mm
or
Spray nozzle
Figure 5
Spray ± 60° from vertical
0,07 l/min ± 5 %
per hole,
multiplied by
number of holes
10 l/min ± 5 %
10 min
1 min/m²
at least 5 min
14.2.3 a)
14.2.3 b)
4 As for numeral 3
Spray ± 180° from vertical
As for numeral 3 14.2.4
5 Water jet hose nozzle
Figure 6
Nozzle 6,3 mm diameter,
distance 2,5 m to 3 m
12,5 l/min ± 5 % 1 min/m²
at least 3 min
14.2.5
6 Water jet hose nozzle
Figure 6
Nozzle 12,5 mm diameter,
distance 2,5 m to 3 m
100 l/min ± 5 % 1 min/m²
at least 3 min
14.2.6
7 Immersion tank
Water-level on enclosure:
0,15 m above top
1 m above bottom
– 30 min 14.2.7
8 Immersion tank
Water-level: by agreement
– by agreement 14.2.8
14.2 Test conditions
Test means and main test conditions are given in table 8.
Details concerning compliance of degrees of protection – in particular for second
characteristic numerals 5/6 (water jets) and numerals 7/8 (immersion) – are given in clause 6.
The tests are conducted with fresh water.
During the tests for IPXl to IPX6 the water temperature should not differ by more than 5 K
from the temperature of the specimen under test. If the water temperature is more than
5 K below the temperature of the specimen a pressure balance shall be provided for the
enclosure. For IPX7 details of the water temperature are given in 14.2.7.
During the test, the moisture contained inside the enclosure may partly condense. The dew
which may thus deposit shall not be mistaken for an ingress of water.
For the purpose of the tests, the surface area of the enclosure is calculated with a tolerance
of 10 %.
Adequate safety precautions should be taken when testing the equipment in the energized
condition.
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Administrator
10 min
Administrator
10 l/min ± 5 %
Administrator
0,07 l/min ± 5 %
60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 53 –
14.2.1 Test for second characteristic numeral 1 with the drip box
The test is made with a device which produces a uniform flow of water drops over the whole
area of the enclosure.
An example of such a device is shown in figure 3 a).
The turntable on which the enclosure is placed has a rotation speed of 1 r/min and the
eccentricity (distance between turntable axis and specimen axis) is approximately 100 mm.
The enclosure under test is placed in its normal operating position under the drip box, the
base of which is larger than that of the enclosure. Except for enclosures designed for wall or
ceiling mounting, the support for the enclosure under test should be smaller than the base of
the enclosure.
An enclosure normally fixed to a wall or ceiling is fixed in its normal position of use to a
wooden board having dimensions which are equal to those of that surface of the enclosure
which is in contact with the wall or ceiling when the enclosure is mounted as in normal use.
The duration of test is 10 min.
NOTE When the base of the drip box is smaller than that of the enclosure under test, the latter may be divided
into several sections, the area of each section being large enough to be covered by the dripping water. The test is
continued until the whole area of the enclosure has been sprinkled for the specified time.
14.2.2 Test for second characteristic numeral 2 with the drip box
The dripping device is the same as specified in 14.2.1 adjusted to provide the water flow rate
specified in table 8.
The table on which the enclosure is placed does not turn as in the case of the test for the
second characteristic numeral 1.
The enclosure is tested for 2,5 min in each of four fixed positions of tilt.
These positions are 15° on either side of the vertical in two mutually perpendicular planes
(see figure 3b)).
The total duration of the test is 10 min.
14.2.3 Test for second characteristic numeral 3 with oscillating tube or spray nozzle
The test is made using one of the two test devices described in figure 4 and in figure 5 in
accordance with the relevant product standard.
a) Conditions when using the test device as in figure 4 (oscillating tube):
The total flow rate is adjusted as specified in table 9 and is measured with a flow meter.
The oscillating tube is provided with spray holes over an arc of 60° either side of the
centre point. The support is not perforated.
The enclosure to be tested is placed at the centre point of the semicircle. The tube is
caused to oscillate through an angle of 120°, 60° on either side of the vertical, the time for
one complete oscillation (2 × 120°) being about 4 s and the test duration being 5 min.
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The enclosure is then turned through an horizontal angle of 90° and the test is continued
for a further 5 min.
The maximum acceptable radius of the oscillating tube is 1 600 mm.
If for certain types of apparatus it is not possible to wet all parts of the enclosure under
test, the support of the enclosure may be moved up or down. The hand-held test device as
in figure 5 (spray nozzle) should be used as a preference in such cases.
b) Conditions when using the test device as in figure 5 (spray nozzle):
The counterbalanced shield is in place for this test.
The water pressure is adjusted to give the specified delivery rate. The pressure to achieve
this delivery rate will be in the range of 50 kPa to 150 kPa. It should be kept constant
during the test.
The test duration is 1 min/m2 of the calculated surface area of the enclosure (excluding
any mounting surface), with a minimum duration of 5 min.
14.2.4 Test for second characteristic numeral 4 with oscillating tube or spray nozzle
The test is made using one of the two test devices described in figure 4 and in figure 5 in
accordance with the relevant product standard.
a) Conditions when using the test device as in figure 4 (oscillating tube):
The oscillating tube has spray holes over the whole 180” of the semicircle. The total flow
rate is adjusted as specified in table 9 and is measured with a flow meter.
The tube is caused to oscillate through an angle of almost 360°, 180° on either side of the
vertical, the time for one complete oscillation (2 × 360°) being about 12 s.
The duration of the test is 10 min.
If not specified otherwise in the relevant product standard, the support for the enclosure
under test is perforated so as to avoid acting as a baffle and the enclosure is sprayed from
every direction by oscillating the tube to the limit of its travel in each direction.
b) Conditions when using the test device as in figure 5 (spray nozzle):
The counterbalanced shield is removed from the spray nozzle and the enclosure is
sprayed from all practicable directions.
The rate of water flow and the spraying time per unit area are as specified in 14.2.3.
Table 9 – Total water flow rate qv under IPX3 and IPX4 test conditions –
Mean flow rate per hole qvl = 0,07 l/min
Degree IPX3 Degree IPX4Tube radius
R
mm
Number of
open holes
N1)
Total water flow
qv
l/min
Number of
open holes
N1)
Total water flow
qv
l/min
200
400
600
800
1 000
1 200
1 400
1 600
8
16
25
33
41
50
58
67
0,56
1,1
1,8
2,3
2,9
3,5
4,1
4,7
12
25
37
50
62
75
87
100
0,84
1,8
2,6
3,5
4,3
5,3
6,1
7,0
1) Depending on the actual arrangement of the hole centres at the specified distance, the number of open
holes N may be increased by 1.
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14.2.5 Test for second characteristic numeral 5 with the 6,3 mm nozzle
The test is made by spraying the enclosure from all practicable directions with a stream of
water from a standard test nozzle as shown in figure 6.
The conditions to be observed are as follows:
– internal diameter of the nozzle: 6,3 mm;
– delivery rate: 12,5 l/min ± 5 %;
– water pressure: to be adjusted to achieve the specified delivery rate;
– core of the substantial stream: circle of approximately 40 mm diameter at 2,5 m distance
from nozzle;
– test duration per square metre of enclosure surface area likely to be sprayed: 1 min;
– minimum test duration: 3 min;
– distance from nozzle to enclosure surface: between 2,5 m and 3 m.
14.2.6 Test for second characteristic numeral 6 with the 12,5 mm nozzle
The test is made by spraying the enclosure from all practicable directions with a stream of
water from a standard test nozzle as shown in figure 6.
The conditions to be observed are as follows:
– internal diameter of the nozzle: 12,5 mm;
– delivery rate: 100 l/min ± 5 %;
– water pressure: to be adjusted to achieve the specified delivery rate;
– core of the substantial stream: circle of approximately 120 mm diameter at 2,5 m distance
from nozzle;
– test duration per square metre of enclosure surface area likely to be sprayed: 1 min;
– minimum test duration: 3 min;
– distance from nozzle to enclosure surface: between 2,5 m and 3 m.
14.2.7 Test for second characteristic numeral 7: temporary immersion
between 0,15 m and 1 m
The test is made by completely immersing the enclosure in water in its service position as
specified by the manufacturer so that the following conditions are satisfied:
a) the lowest point of enclosures with a height less than 850 mm is located 1 000 mm below
the surface of the water;
b) the highest point of enclosures with a height equal to or greater than 850 mm is located
150 mm below the surface of the water;
c) the duration of the test is 30 min;
d) the water temperature does not differ from that of the equipment by more than 5 K.
However, a modified requirement may be specified in the relevant product standard if the
tests are to be made when the equipment is energized and/or its parts in motion.
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14.2.8 Test for second characteristic numeral 8: continuous immersion
subject to agreement
Unless there is a relevant product standard, the test conditions are subject to agreement
between manufacturer and user, but they shall be more severe than those prescribed
in 14.2.7 and they shall take account of the condition that the enclosure will be continuously
immersed in actual use.
14.3 Acceptance conditions
After testing in accordance with the appropriate requirements of 14.2.1 to 14.2.8 the
enclosure shall be inspected for ingress of water.
It is the responsibility of the relevant technical committee to specify the amount of water which
may be allowed to enter the enclosure and the details of a dielectric strength test, if any.
In general, if any water has entered, it shall not:
– be sufficient to interfere with the correct operation of the equipment or impair safety;
– deposit on insulation parts where it could lead to tracking along the creepage distances;
– reach live parts or windings not designed to operate when wet;
– accumulate near the cable end or enter the cable if any.
If the enclosure is provided with drain-holes, it should be proved by inspection that any water
which enters does not accumulate and that it drains away without doing any harm to the
equipment.
For enclosures without drain-holes, the relevant product standard shall specify the
acceptance conditions if water can accumulate to reach live parts.
15 Tests for protection against access to hazardous parts indicated
by the additional letter
15.1 Access probes
Access probes to verify the protection of persons against access to hazardous parts are given
in table 6.
15.2 Test conditions
The access probe is pushed against any openings of the enclosure with the force specified in
table 6. If it partly or fully penetrates, it is placed in every possible position, but in no case
shall the stop face fully penetrate through the opening.
Internal barriers are considered part of the enclosure as defined in 3.1.
For tests on low-voltage equipment, a low-voltage supply (of not less than 40 V and not more
than 50 V) in series with a suitable lamp should be connected between the probe and the
hazardous parts inside the enclosure. Hazardous live parts covered only with varnish or paint,
or protected by oxidation or by a similar process, are covered by a metal foil electrically
connected to those parts which are normally live in operation.
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 61 –
The signal-circuit method should also be applied to the hazardous moving parts of high-
voltage equipment.
Internal moving parts may be operated slowly, where this is possible.
15.3 Acceptance conditions
The protection is satisfactory if adequate clearance is kept between the access probe and
hazardous parts.
In the case of the test for the additional letter B, the jointed test finger may penetrate to its
80 mm length, but the stop face (∅ 50 mm × 20 mm) shall not pass through the opening.
Starting from the straight position, both joints of the test finger shall be successively bent
through an angle of up to 90° with respect to the axis of the adjoining section of the finger and
shall be placed in every possible position.
In case of the tests for the additional letters C and D, the access probe may penetrate to its
full length, but the stop face shall not fully penetrate through the opening. See annex A for
further clarification.
Conditions for verification of adequate clearance are identical with those given in 12.3.1,
12.3.2 and 12.3.3.
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 63 –
Material: metal, except where otherwise specified
Linear dimensions in millimetres
Tolerances on dimensions without specific tolerance:
on angles: 0/–10°
on linear dimensions:
up to 25 mm: 0/–0,05
over 25 mm: ±0,2
Both joints shall permit movement in the same plane and
the same direction through an angle of 90° with a 0 to +10°
tolerance.
Figure 1 – Jointed test finger
IEC 279/01
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NOTE See IEC 60068-2-68, figure 2 valid for La2 only.
Figure 2 – Test device to verify protection against dust (dust chamber)
IEC 280/01
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 67 –
b) Second characteristic numeral 2
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 3 – Test device to verify protection against vertically falling water drops (drip box)
a) Second characteristic numeral 1
IEC 281/01
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Dimensions in millimetres
NOTE The range of holes is shown as for second characteristic numeral 3 (see 14.2.3 a)).
Figure 4 – Test device to verify protection against spraying and splashing water;
second characteristic numerals 3 and 4 (oscillating tube)
IEC 282/01
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Dimensions in millimetres
121 holes of ∅ 0,5;
1 hole at the centre
1 inner circles of 12 holes at 30° pitch
4 outer circles of 24 holes at 15° pitch
Moving shield – Aluminium
Spray nozzle – Brass
Figure 5 – Hand-held device to verify protection against spraying and splashing water;
second characteristic numerals 3 and 4 (spray nozzle)
IEC 283/01
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Dimensions in millimetres
D′ = 6,3 for the test of 14.2.5 (second characteristic numeral 5)
D′ = 12,5 for the test of 14.2.6 (second characteristic numeral 6)
Figure 6 – Test device to verify protection against water jets (hose nozzle)
IEC 284/01
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Annex A
(informative)
Examples of IP coding for the verification of protection of low-voltage
equipment against access to hazardous parts
Ref.
No.
Situation Two
numerals
Additional
letter
Two
numerals
+ additional
letter
1 0X – 0X
2 1X A 1X
3 1X A 1X
IEC 285/01
IEC 286/01
IEC 287/01
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Ref.
No.
Situation Two
numerals
Additional
letter
Two
numerals
+ additional
letter
4 1X A 1X
5 1X B 1XB
6 1X B 1XB
IEC 288/01
IEC 289/01
IEC 290/01
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Ref.
No.
Situation Two
numerals
Additional
letter
Two
numerals
+ additional
letter
7 1X D 1XD
8 1X D 1XD
IEC 291/01
IEC 292/01
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Ref.
No.
Situation Two
numerals
Additional
letter
Two
numerals
+ additional
letter
9 2X B 2X
10 2X B 2X
11 2X C 2XC
IEC 293/01
IEC 294/01
IEC 295/01
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Ref.
No.
Situation Two
numerals
Additional
letter
Two
numerals
+ additional
letter
12 2X D 2XD
13 3X C 3X
14 3X D 3XD
15 4X D 4X
IEC 296/01
IEC 298/01
IEC 299/01
IEC 297/01
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 85 –
IP Codes of examples in annex A
Additional letterFirst
characteristic
numeral – A B C D
0 IP0X
(1)
– – – –
1 – IP1X
(2, 3, 4)
IP1XB
(5, 6)
– IP1XD
(7, 8)
2 – – IP2X
(9, 10)
IP2XC
(11)
IP2XD
(12)
3 – – – IP3X
(13)
IP3XD
(14)
4 – – – – IP4X
(15)
NOTE The numerals in parentheses refer to the reference numbers in this annex.
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60529 © IEC:1989+A1:1999 – 87 –
Annex B
(informative)
Summary of responsibilities of relevant technical committees
The IP Code for classifying the degrees of protection provided by enclosures is intended to be
used for most types of electrical equipment.
It should not be assumed that this standard is suitable to cover all specific details of the
various types of equipment.
It is the responsibility of relevant technical committees to specify in their relevant product
standards all details concerning the application of the IP Code to a particular type of
equipment.
Marking with the IP Code indicates a claim for compliance with all the applicable requirements
of this standard and also with any complementary requirements specified in the appropriate
product standard.
The following list is given as a guide for the detailed information to be specified in product
standards:
1) extent and manner to which the IP Code shall be used (see clause 4);
2) definition of “enclosure” as it applies to the particular type of equipment (see clause 2);
3) the protection of both the enclosure and the equipment inside the enclosure against
external influences or conditions (see clause 2);
4) degree of protection applied to hazardous moving parts (such as fans) external to the
enclosure (see clause 2);
5) the range of application if enclosures are exposed to temporary or continuous
immersion (see clause 6);
6) the application of “additional letters” for protection against access to hazardous parts
provided by internal barriers or distances, if necessary (see clause 7);
7) supplementary information to be given by “supplementary letters”, if any (see clause 8);
8) the Secretariat of TC 70 shall be consulted before any new supplementary letter is
introduced and the additional test procedure shall be stated (see clause 8);
9) details for the marking (see clause 10);
10) atmospheric conditions for testing if different from 11.1;
11) state and condition of test samples if different from the “general requirements for tests”
(see 11.2);
12) details of test conditions (see 11.2) such as:
– number of samples
– mounting, assembling, positioning
– pre-conditioning
– whether energized or not
– whether parts in motion or not;
13) application of the general requirements for tests and the acceptance conditions on,
drain-holes and ventilation openings (see 11.3);
14) guidance for the interpretation of test results and for the acceptance conditions (see 11.3);
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15) the working voltage, if applicable (see 12.3.1 and 12.3.2);
16) the category of the enclosure, indicating whether a pressure difference due to thermal
cycling effects is present or not (see 13.4);
17) the location of the suction hole for the dust test if not in the vicinity of vulnerable parts
(see 13.4);
18) the quantity and location of dust deposits permitted without affecting the safe operation
(see 13.5.2);
19) the test device for IPX3 and IPX4 tests (oscillating tube or spray nozzle) (see 14.2.3
and 14.2.4);
20) the type of support for the enclosure (if not perforated) during IPX4 test (see 14.2.4);
21) the water temperature if the equipment is energized or running during the immersion
test (see 14.2.7 d));
22) conditions for the continuous immersion test (see 14.2.8);
23) the acceptance conditions following the water tests, in particular the amount of water
which may be allowed to enter and the details of any dielectric strength test (see 14.3);
24) the acceptance conditions if water can accumulate to reach live parts (see 14.3).
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Bibliography
IEC 61032: Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures – Probes for verification
IEC 61140: Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for Installation and
equipment
___________
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the reason is: (tick all that apply)
standard is out of date R
standard is incomplete R
standard is too academic R
standard is too superficial R
title is misleading R
I made the wrong choice R
other ....................................................
Q7 Please assess the standard in the
following categories, using
the numbers:
(1) unacceptable,
(2) below average,
(3) average,
(4) above average,
(5) exceptional,
(6) not applicable
timeliness .............................................
quality of writing....................................
technical contents.................................
logic of arrangement of contents ..........
tables, charts, graphs, figures ...............
other ....................................................
Q8 I read/use the: (tick one)
French text only R
English text only R
both English and French texts R
Q9 Please share any comment on any
aspect of the IEC that you would like
us to know:
............................................................
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Customer: CHENGHSIN TSAI - No. of User(s): 1 - Company: Mitac Technology Corp.
Order No.: WS-2004-002810 - IMPORTANT: This file is copyright of IEC, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved.
This file is subject to a licence agreement. Enquiries to Email: custserv@iec.ch - Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
Customer: CHENGHSIN TSAI - No. of User(s): 1 - Company: Mitac Technology Corp.
Order No.: WS-2004-002810 - IMPORTANT: This file is copyright of IEC, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved.
This file is subject to a licence agreement. Enquiries to Email: custserv@iec.ch - Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
ICS 13.260; 29.020
Typeset and printed by the IEC Central Office
GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
ISBN 2-8318-5588-8
-:HSMINB=]ZZ]]W:
Customer: CHENGHSIN TSAI - No. of User(s): 1 - Company: Mitac Technology Corp.
Order No.: WS-2004-002810 - IMPORTANT: This file is copyright of IEC, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved.
This file is subject to a licence agreement. Enquiries to Email: custserv@iec.ch - Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
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