美国安全委员会NSC号文件

FinalrevisiononNovember26,2020美国安全委员会NSC号文件AReporttothePresidentPursuanttothePresident'sDirectiveofJanuary31,1950TOPSECRET[Washington,]April7,1950ContentsTermsofReferenceAnalysisI.BackgroundofthePresentWorldCrisisII.TheFundamentalPurposeoftheUnitedStatesIII.TheFundamentalDesignoftheKremlinIV.TheUnderlyingConflictintheRealmofIdeasandValuesBetweentheU.S.PurposeandtheKremlinDesign1.NatureoftheConflict2.Objectives3.Means4.V.SovietIntentionsandCapabilities--ActualandPotentialVI.U.S.IntentionsandCapabilities--ActualandPotentialVII.PresentRisksVIII.AtomicArmamentsA.MilitaryEvaluationofU.S.SovietUnionGermanyandJapanandthedeclineoftheBritishandFrenchEmpireshaveinteractedwiththedevelopmentoftheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnioninsuchawaythatpowerincreasinglygravitatedtothesetwocenters.Second,theSovietUnion,unlikepreviousaspirantstohegemony,isanimatedbyanewfanaticfaith,anti-theticaltoourown,andseekstoimposeitsabsoluteauthorityovertherestoftheworld.Conflicthas,therefore,becomeendemicandiswaged,onthepartoftheSovietUnion,byviolentornon-violentmethodsinaccordancewiththedictatesofexpediency.Withthedevelopmentofincreasinglyterrifyingweaponsofmassdestruction,everyindividualfacestheever-presentpossibilityofannihilationshouldtheconflictenterthephaseoftotalwar.Ontheonehand,thepeopleoftheworldyearnforrelieffromtheanxietyarisingfromtheriskofatomicwar.Ontheotherhand,anysubstantialfurtherextensionoftheareaunderthedominationoftheKremlinwouldraisethepossibilitythatnocoalitionadequatetoconfronttheKremlinwithgreaterstrengthcouldbeassembled.ItisinthiscontextthatthisRepublicanditscitizensintheascendancyoftheirstrengthstandintheirdeepestperil.Theissuesthatfaceusaremomentous,involvingthefulfillmentordestructionnotonlyofthisRepublicbutofcivilizationitself.Theyareissueswhichwillnotawaitourdeliberations.WithconscienceandresolutionthisGovernmentandthepeopleitrepresentsmustnowtakenewandfatefuldecisions.II.FundamentalPurposeoftheUnitedStatesThefundamentalpurposeoftheUnitedStatesislaiddowninthePreambletotheConstitution:"...toformamoreperfectUnion,establishjustice,insuredomesticTranquility,provideforthecommondefence,promotethegeneralWelfare,andsecuretheBlessingsofLibertytoourselvesandourPosterity."Inessence,thefundamentalpurposeistoassuretheintegrityandvitalityofourfreesociety,whichisfoundeduponthedignityandworthoftheindividual.Threerealitiesemergeasaconsequenceofthispurpose:Ourdeterminationtomaintaintheessentialelementsofindividualfreedom,assetforthintheConstitutionandBillofRights;ourdeterminationtocreateconditionsunderwhichourfreeanddemocraticsystemcanliveandprosper;andourdeterminationtofightifnecessarytodefendourwayoflife,forwhichasintheDeclarationofIndependence,"withafirmrelianceontheprotectionofDivineProvidence,wemutuallypledgetoeachotherourlives,ourFortunes,andoursacredHonor."III.FundamentalDesignoftheKremlinThefundamentaldesignofthosewhocontroltheSovietUnionandtheinternationalcommunistmovementistoretainandsolidifytheirabsolutepower,firstintheSovietUnionandsecondintheareasnowundertheircontrol.InthemindsoftheSovietleaders,however,achievementofthisdesignrequiresthedynamicextensionoftheirauthorityandtheultimateeliminationofanyeffectiveoppositiontotheirauthority.Thedesign,therefore,callsforthecompletesubversionorforcibledestructionofthemachineryofgovernmentandstructureofsocietyinthecountriesofthenon-SovietworldandtheirreplacementbyanapparatusandstructuresubservienttoandcontrolledfromtheKremlin.TothatendSovieteffortsarenowdirectedtowardthedominationoftheEurasianlandmass.TheUnitedStates