考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2000年part3

PartThreeWhenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.WithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,forwhateverFuturistpoetrymaybe---evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight---itcanhardlybeclassedasLiterature.This,inbrief,iswhattheFuturistsays:foracentury,pastconditionsoflifehavebeenconditionallyspeedingup,tillnowweliveinaworldofnoiseandviolenceandspeed.Consequently,ourfeelings,thoughtsandemotionshaveundergoneacorrespondingchange.Thisspeedingupoflife,saystheFuturist,requiresanewformofexpression.Wemustspeedupourliteraturetoo,ifwewanttointerpretmodernstress.Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbystops,orqualifyingadjectives,offiniteverbs.Insteadofdescribingsoundswemustmakeupwordsthatimitatethem;wemustusemanysizesoftypeanddifferentcoloredinksonthesamepage,andshortenorlengthenwordsatwill.Certainlytheirdescriptionsofbattlesareconfused.ButitisalittleupsettingtoreadintheexplanatorynotesthatacertainlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichtheybothfallintotheriver---andthentofindthatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandtheweightsoftheofficers:`Pluff!Pluff!Ahundredandeighty-fivekilograms.This,thoughitfulfillsthelawsandrequirementsofFuturistpoetry,canhardlybeclassedasLiterature.Allthesame,nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition:thatagreatchangeinouremotionallifecallsforachangeofexpression.Thewholequestionisreallythis:haveweessentiallychanged?9.Thispassageismainly____.［A］asurveyofnewapproachestoart［B］areviewofFuturistpoetry［C］aboutmeritsoftheFuturistmovement［D］aboutlawsandrequirementsofliterature10.Whenanovelliteraryideaappears,peopleshouldtryto_____.［A］determineitspurposes［B］ignoreitsflaws［C］followthenewfashions［D］accepttheprinciples11.Futuristsclaimthatwemust____.［A］increasetheproductionofliterature［B］usepoetrytorelievemodernstress［C］developnewmodesofexpression［D］avoidusingadjectivesandverbs12.TheauthorbelievesthatFuturistpoetryis_____.［A］basedonreasonableprinciples［B］newandacceptabletoordinarypeople［C］indicativeofbasicchangeinhumannature［D］moreofatransientphenomenonthanliteratureUnit7（2000）Part3重点词汇：1.farfetched（牵强的）即farfetched，far远的，fetch拿来，-ed形容词后缀，叫别人到很远（far）的地方去把东西拿回来（fetch），这个要求是很"牵强的"（fartetched）。2.futurist?（未来派的；未来派艺术家）即futur（e）ist，future（未来；未来的），-ist后缀。Ifweopenaquarrelbetweenthepastandthepresent,weshallfindthatwehavelostthefuture.我们如果在过去和现在之间展开争吵，就会发现我们丧失了未来。Everyhouroflosttimeisachanceoffuturemisfortune.失去的每一小时都构成未来不幸发生的可能。3.undergo（v.经历；承受）即undergo，"在下面走"→经历。Youcannotcreateexperience,youmustundergoit.你不能创造经验，你必须经历它。undergoalongprocessoftempering经受长期的磨练。4.corresponding（相应的；符合的）即corresponding，cor-共同（con-在r前的变形），respond反应（见2003年Text2）5.interpret?（v.解释；口译）；interpretor（译员）←interpretor后缀 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf "人"。Thephilosophershaveonlyinterpretedtheworldinvariousways;thepointistochangeit.哲学家们只是以不同的方式解释世界，而问题在于改变世界。interpretor-someonewholiesintwolanguages译员--用两种语言说谎的人。6.essential（必不可少的；本质的）；名词形式为essence（本质；精华），记谐音"爱深思"→只有爱深思（essence）才可能发现事物的"本质"和"精华"。7.finite?（有限的）即finite，fin词根"完"（如finish→finish后缀→v.n.完成），-ite形容词后缀，"有完的"→有限的。反义词：infinite（无限的；无限的东西）←in否定前缀finite。Wemustacceptfinitedisappointment,butwemustneverloseinfinitehope.我们必须接受有限的失望，但我们决不可失去无限的希望。afinitenumberofpossibilities有限的几种可能性。8.explanatory（说明的，解释的）即explanatory，ex-前缀=out，plan即plain（元音可增减），-atory形容词后缀，"简单明白地表达出来的"→解释的；动词形式为explain←explain；名词形式为explanation←explanation。Mediocritiescanexplaineverything,andaresurprisedatnothing.庸人能够解释一切，他们对任何事都不感到意外。←mediocrity参2000年Passage2。Alittleinaccuracysometimessavestonsofexplanations.少许的含糊有时能省去大量的解释。9.fulfill（v.完成，履行）即fulfill，ful即full"完全"，fill"填满"，故"完全填满"→完成。Onlytheywhofulfilltheirdutyineverydaymatterswillfulfillthemongreatoccassions.只有在日常工作中尽责的人才会在重大时刻尽责。10.determine（v.决心；确定）即determine，de-加强前缀，termine词根"结束"，故"使结束"→决定；名词形式为determination←determination。Thesurestwaynottofailistodeterminetosucceed.不致失败的最可靠 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 是决心成功。Whenitisnotinourpowertodeteminewhatistrue,weoughttofollowwhatismostprobable.在无法认定何者正确之时，就应采用可能性的一个。Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoattainit.人生最重要的事就是确立一个伟大的目标，并有决心使其实现。11.allthesame仍然；atwill随意。难句解析：①Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.该句是一个因果关系的并列句，表示结果的部分是Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat，表示原因的部分是foritispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal。而for与itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal之间是一个插入语，也是由however形容词引导的状语从句，意为"不管他们（这群前卫艺术家们）的时尚原则在今天看来多么牵强无理"。句中attain原意为"达到"，此处应理解为"发展成"；advocates指倡导的人；however不是"然而"，而是"不论多么"。②WithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,forwhateverFuturistpoetrymaybe-evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight-itcanhardlybeclassedasLiterature.该句也是一个因果关系的并列句。结果为WithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisratherdifficult，其中however是插入语，表示此句与上一句之间是转折关系；原因为for之后的部分whateverFuturistpoetrymaybe-evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight-itcanhardlybeclassedasLiterature，其中破折号之间的部分evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight是插入语，onwhichitisbased是thetheory的定语从句，it指代Futuristpoetry。注意however一词是对上一句 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 的转折信号，了解这一点，thecaseisratherdifficult的意思就不难领会了。同时要抓住作者的态度，他对未来主义诗歌是持完全否定的态度的。③Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbystops,orqualifyingadjectives,orfiniteverbs.该句中主句为Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords，而unhamperedbystops,orqualifyingadjectives,orfiniteverbs是过去分词引导的伴随状语。注意or连接的qualifyingadjectives和finiteverbs与stops并列，而不与alargestreamofessentialwords并列。④ButitisalittleupsettingtoreadintheexplanatorynotesthatacertainlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichtheybothfallintotheriver-andthentofindthatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandtheweightsoftheofficers:"Pluff!Pluff!Ahundredandeighty-fivekilograms."句中开始的it是形式主语，它指代的是toread及后面的定语从句和tofind及其后面的宾语从句。thatacertainlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichtheybothfallintotheriver是read的宾语从句，其中offwhichtheybothfallintotheriver是bridge的定语从句；thatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandtheweightsoftheofficers:"Pluff!Pluff!Ahundredandeighty-fivekilograms."是find的宾语从句该句相对较复杂，一定要注意upsetting的意思，它是指当我们先是从注释中得知某诗行讲述了一个场景，便怀着新奇感去读原文，结果却发现原文如此枯燥拙劣，心中不免感到不舒服。⑤Allthesame,nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition:thatagreatchangeinouremotionallifecallsforachangeofexpression.此处的that从句是proposition的同位语，说明了其内容。注意句中的双重否定：nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition没有一个有思想的人能否决他们自己最初的主张，也就是"几乎人人都会坚持自己最初的主张"。试题解析：9