Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
第三课时 Section A (Grammar Focus—4c)
(一)that和if/whether引导的宾语从句
宾语从句是指一个句子充当宾语,在主句与从句之间有一个引导词。通常分成三类:由that引导;由if或whether引导;由连接代词who, which, whose…和连接副词when, where, why, how…引导。今天,我们就来学习前两种。
1.that引导的宾语从句
(1)that引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来,表示陈述一件事,that无意义,在口语或非正式文体中常被省略。例如:I'm sure (that) he can reach the apples on the tree. 我确信他能够到树上的苹果。
(2)that引导的宾语从句相关的
内容
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①that引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语+其他”。
②that引导的宾语从句,主句用一般现在时,从句可以用符合句意要求的任一时态。如果主句用一般过去时,从句要用过去时态的某种形式。当从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言等等时,无论主句为何种时态,从句都用一般现在时。
2.if或whether引导的宾语从句
(1)当从句由一般疑问句变化而来,这时要用连词if或whether引导,表示选择,意为“是否”,一般情况可以互换使用。例如:
Tom wanted to know if/whether you would go.
汤姆想知道你是否会去。
【注意】下列情况下只能用whether:
从句在介词后作宾语时。例如:
I am thinking about whether we should go fishing.
与or not连用时。例如:
I wonder whether I'll catch the last bus or not.
宾语从句位于句首时。例如:
Whether she will come, we all don't know.
(2)if或whether引导的宾语从句要注意三个方面,即连词、语序和时态。
①if或whether不能和that或其他连词(副词)同时使用,也不能省去。
②if或whether引导的宾语从句,虽具有疑问意义,但从句语序用陈述句语序。即“主语+谓语+其他”。
③if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时,从句用任一时态;主句为一般过去时,从句则用过去时中的任一时态。
(二)感叹句
1.概念
用来表达说话时的惊奇、喜悦、气愤等情绪的句子叫感叹句。
2.结构
①What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主谓)!
②What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主谓)!
③How+形容词/副词(+主谓)!
eg:What beautiful flowers they are!
=How beautiful the flowers are!多美的花儿啊!
C
Ⅰ.单项选择。
( )1.____ nervous the girl was!She could not fall asleep all night.
A.What B.What a C.How
C
( )2.—Are you going camping this afternoon?
—A typhoon is coming,I'm not sure ____ the road to the mountains will be closed.
A.which
B.what
C.whether
D.why
if/whether
if/whether
are playing
that
dances
Ⅱ.将下面的句子连接成含有宾语从句的复合句。
3.Does her aunt live in Paris? I'm not sure.
I'm not sure ___________ her aunt lives in Paris.
4.Are the children playing games? Tell me.
Tell me __________ the children ___________ games.
5.The girl dances very well.I believe.
I believe _____ the girl _______ very well.
A
( )1. (2017·乐山)—Do you know ____ next Friday, Lily?
—If it doesn't rain, we will.
A.if we will take a field trip
B.will we take a field trip
C.why we will take a field trip
B
( )2. (2017·宜昌)—People choose highspeed train or selfdriving to travel on holidays.
—____ fast the traditional travel ways change!
A.What a
B.How
C.What
D.How a