unit6 the making of a surgeon

nullnullnullTeaching Goal Make the students comprehend the text fully. Tutor the students to appreciate the text. Deal with important language points.nullI. Warming-up exercises II. A brief Introduction to the text III. Detailed explanation of the text IV. Summary of the text V. Language points VI. HomeworkTeaching Proceduresnullnull In your opinion, how can a person be successful?( hard-working, lucky, chance, opportunity, healthy, intelligence, self-confidence… )null As far as a doctor is concerned, what should be the most important factor (因素) for him to be successful?( self-confidence )nullsurgeon / 5s[:dV[n / n. doctor who performs operations 外科医生self-confidence / 5self5kCnfid[ns / n. 自信心nullmaking n. means of gaining success 成功之道resident / 5rezid[nt / n. 住院医生nullconclude / k[n5klu:d / vt. arrive at a belief or opinion by reasoning 得出结论surgical / 5s[:dVik[l / a. of, by, or for surgery 外科的；手术的nullcompetently / 5kCmpit[ntli / ad. with the necessary skill 称职地；胜任地near vt. approach; come closer tocompetent a.nullemergency / i5m[:dV[nsi / n. sudden and dangerous happening needing immediate action 紧急情况；急症encounter / in5kaunt[ / vt. be faced with (difficulties, danger, etc.); meet unexpectedly 遭到；意外地遇见nulldread / dred / vt. fear greatly 畏惧critical / 5kritik[l / a. important at a time of danger and difficulty 紧要的；关键性的nullparticular / p[5tikjul[ / a. belonging to some one person, thing, or occasion 特定的case n. instance of disease or injury 病例nullinfrequently ad. seldom; not oftenrelax / ri5lAks / vi. become less tense 放松relaxation n. nullresidency / 5rezid[nsi / n. the last stage of a doctor’s training at a hospital 高级专科住院实习 (期)constant / 5kCnst[nt / a. happening all the time; unchanging 不断的；始终如一的nullresolve / ri5zClv / vt. solve 解决considered a. carefully thought out 经过深思熟虑的resolution / 9rez[5lu:F[n / n. nulldwell / dwel / (dwelt / dwelt /; dwelled / dweld /) vi. live (in a place) 居住bound / baund / a. very likely; certain 一定的；必然的nullsound a. correct; based on good judgment 正确的；合理的confident / 5kCnfid[nt / a. sure of oneself and one’s abilities 自信的confidence n. nullhandle vt. manage, deal with 处理butterfly / 5bQt[flai / n. 蝴蝶nullabdomen / Abd[m[n / n. belly 腹(部)anticipate / An5tisipeit / vt. see beforehand 预期anticipation n. nullsweat / swet / n. & vi. 汗；流汗stab / stAb / n. thrust made with a pointed weapon 刺，戳nullbelly / 5beli / n. 肚，腹部puncture / 5pQNktF[ / vt. make a small hole in (sth.) with sth. pointed 刺穿 nullcompound / 5kCmpaund / a. having more than one part 复合的fracture / 5frAktF[ / n. break in a bone 骨折nullcompound fracture n. 复合性骨折inevitably / in5evit[bli / ad. unavoidably 不可避免地inevitable a. nullerr / [: / vi. make mistakes; do wrong operate / 5Cp[reit / vi. perform a surgical operation 动手术nullsurgery / 5s[:dV[ri / n. 外科；外科手术sole / s[ul / a. unshared; one and only 唯一的nullresponsibility / ris9pCns[5biliti / n. 责任，责任心avoid / [5vCid / vt. escape; keep or get away from 避免nullconceited / k[n5si:tid / a. have too high an opinion of oneself 自负的conceit / k[n5si:t / n. too high an opinion of oneselfnulltrying a. hard to endure or bear; very difficult 难受的；恼人的bother / 5bCT[ / vt. annoy, trouble 烦扰，麻烦nulluncertainty / 5Qn5s[:tnti / n. uncertain condition; doubtnullconf__d__ntc__ncl__dec__mp__tentcr__t__calres__l__tionc__ns__deredant__c__pates__rg__ryc__nce__trespons__b__l__tyin__v__tablyinfr__qu__ntlyeiouoeiiouoiiiueoiiiieieenullnull This article is written by Dr. William Nolen, a well-known American surgeon and author. Do. Nolen reveals to us in his article that he, as a doctor, had gone a long way before he became a surgeon. Then, what quality, according to Dr. Nolen, is essential in the making of a surgeon and at what point of time does a doctor finally become a surgeon?nullnull A famous surgeon tells about the importance of self-confidence from his own experience.nullTHE MAKING OF A SURGEONDr. Nolen How does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a “ surgeon”? As my year as chief resident drew to a close I asked myself this question on more than one occasion.nullThe answer, I concluded, was self-confidence. When you can say to yourself, “ There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently, treat just as well as or better than any other surgeon”— then, and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. I was nearing that point.null What is the most important for a doctor to become a surgeon finally?(According to Do. Nolen, self-confidence is essential (重要的) in the making of a surgeon, and only when a doctor has built up perfect confidence in himself or herself, will he or she really be a surgeon. )nullHow can you understand “ I was nearing that point”?( I was nearing time when I was indeed a surgeon. )nullTHE MAKING OF A SURGEONDr. Nolen How does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a “ surgeon”? As my year as chief resident drew to a close I asked myself this question on more than one occasion.doctorphysician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生specialist 专科医生dentist 牙科医生obstetrician 产科医生pediatrician 儿科医生surgeon 外科医生nullTHE MAKING OF A SURGEONDr. Nolen How does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a “ surgeon”? As my year as chief resident drew to a close I asked myself this question on more than one occasion.resident 住院医生intern (实习医生)  resident  surgeonInternship + residency = 3~5 yearsnullTHE MAKING OF A SURGEONDr. Nolen null Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn’t made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.null Now, in the last month of my residency, sleeping was no longer a problem. There were still situations in which I couldn’t be certain my decision had been the right one, but I had learned to accept this as a constant problem for a surgeon, one that could never be completely resolved — and I could live with it. So, once I had made a considered decision, I no longer dwelt on it. Reviewing it wasn’t going to help and I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I’d made was bound to be a sound one. It was a nice feeling.null In the operating room I was equally confident. I knew I had the knowledge, the skill, the experience to handle any surgical situation I’d ever encounter in practice. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest. I knew that even if the case was one in which it was impossible to anticipate the problem in advance, I could handle whatever I found. I’d sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures. I had sweated over them for five years. I didn’t need to sweat any more.null Nor was I afraid of making mistakes. I knew that when I was out in practice I would inevitably err at one time or another and operate on someone who didn’t need surgery or sit on someone who did. Five years earlier — even one year earlier — I wouldn’t have been able to live with myself if I had had to take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment. Now I could. I still dreaded errors — would do my best to avoid them — but I knew they were part of a surgeon’s life. I could accept this fact with calmness because I knew that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.nullAccording to para. 3, how did the author try to find the peace of mind he needed to relax?( To get out of bed, to dress and to drive to the hospital to see the patient himself. )null What can we learn from para. 4?(self-confidence helps him when he is making a decision. )nullCan you find the topic sentence in para.5?(The first sentence: In the operating room, I was equally confident. )nullAccording to para.6, what’s the author’s attitude towards errors?( He tried his best to avoid errors, but he was not afraid of them, because he knew he wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, neither could other surgeons. )nullFrom para.4 – 6, we can conclude that self-confidence helps the author ________. a. when is making a decisionb. when he is performing an operationc. when he has made mistakesd. all of the abovenull Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn’t made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.emergency situations 紧急情况null Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn’t made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.critical decision 关键性的决定null Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn’t made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.particular situation 特殊情况null Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn’t made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.我会重温那位急诊病人的整个病情,常常会怀疑自己是否作出了不妥的决定。null Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn’t made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.这是我能找到安心休息所需要的内心平静的唯一方法。null Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn’t made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.null Now, in the last month of my residency, sleeping was no longer a problem. There were still situations in which I couldn’t be certain my decision had been the right one, but I had learned to accept this as a constant problem for a surgeon, one that could never be completely resolved — and I could live with it. So, once I had made a considered decision, I no longer dwelt on it. Reviewing it wasn’t going to help and I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I’d made was bound to be a sound one. It was a nice feeling. Here “ it” refers to the preceding (前面的) sentence “ There were still situations in which I couldn‘t be certain my decision had been the right one… a constant problem… that could never be completely resolved…”null Now, in the last month of my residency, sleeping was no longer a problem. There were still situations in which I couldn’t be certain my decision had been the right one, but I had learned to accept this as a constant problem for a surgeon, one that could never be completely resolved — and I could live with it. So, once I had made a considered decision, I no longer dwelt on it. Reviewing it wasn’t going to help and I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I’d made was bound to be a sound one. It was a nice feeling.considered decision 深思熟虑的决定null Now, in the last month of my residency, sleeping was no longer a problem. There were still situations in which I couldn’t be certain my decision had been the right one, but I had learned to accept this as a constant problem for a surgeon, one that could never be completely resolved — and I could live with it. So, once I had made a considered decision, I no longer dwelt on it. Reviewing it wasn’t going to help and I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I’d made was bound to be a sound one. It was a nice feeling.null In the operating room I was equally confident. I knew I had the knowledge, the skill, the experience to handle any surgical situation I’d ever encounter in practice. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest. I knew that even if the case was one in which it was impossible to anticipate the problem in advance, I could handle whatever I found. I’d sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures. I had sweated over them for five years. I didn’t need to sweat any more.butterflies in one’s stomach a feeling of fear or anxiety 紧张不安，忐忑不安null In the operating room I was equally confident. I knew I had the knowledge, the skill, the experience to handle any surgical situation I’d ever encounter in practice. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest. I knew that even if the case was one in which it was impossible to anticipate the problem in advance, I could handle whatever I found. I’d sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures. I had sweated over them for five years. I didn’t need to sweat any more. I’d been nervous and filled with anxiety while painstakingly treating the serious injuries that come to every young doctor －such serious injuries as stab wounds in the abdomen, punctured lungs and compound fractures. 我战战兢兢地治疗过交在我手下的腹部刺伤、肺部穿孔以及复合性骨折等病例。null In the operating room I was equally confident. I knew I had the knowledge, the skill, the experience to handle any surgical situation I’d ever encounter in practice. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest. I knew that even if the case was one in which it was impossible to anticipate the problem in advance, I could handle whatever I found. I’d sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures. I had sweated over them for five years. I didn’t need to sweat any more.null Nor was I afraid of making mistakes. I knew that when I was out in practice I would inevitably err at one time or another and operate on someone who didn’t need surgery or sit on someone who did. Five years earlier — even one year earlier — I wouldn’t have been able to live with myself if I had had to take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment. Now I could. I still dreaded errors — would do my best to avoid them — but I knew they were part of a surgeon’s life. I could accept this fact with calmness because I knew that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.when I completed my residency period and began to work on my own as a surgeon 当我出去开业行医时null Nor was I afraid of making mistakes. I knew that when I was out in practice I would inevitably err at one time or another and operate on someone who didn’t need surgery or sit on someone who did. Five years earlier — even one year earlier — I wouldn’t have been able to live with myself if I had had to take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment. Now I could. I still dreaded errors — would do my best to avoid them — but I knew they were part of a surgeon’s life. I could accept this fact with calmness because I knew that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.… it was most likely that no other surgeon could have avoided the mistake. 那么换了任何别的外科医生很可能也不能避免。null Nor was I afraid of making mistakes. I knew that when I was out in practice I would inevitably err at one time or another and operate on someone who didn’t need surgery or sit on someone who did. Five years earlier — even one year earlier — I wouldn’t have been able to live with myself if I had had to take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment. Now I could. I still dreaded errors — would do my best to avoid them — but I knew they were part of a surgeon’s life. I could accept this fact with calmness because I knew that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.null This all sounds conceited and I guess it is — but a surgeon needs conceit. He needs it to encourage him in trying moments when he’s bothered by the doubts and uncertainties that are part of the practice of medicine. He has to feel that he’s as good as and probably better than any other surgeon in the world. Call it conceit — call it self-confidence; whatever it was, I had it.nullHow do you understand “ a surgion needs conceit”? Do you agree with the author? Why or why not?(A surgeon needs self-confidence. )null What is the main idea of the text? a. Young surgeons lose a lot of sleep.b. Self-confidence is the key to the making of a surgeon.c. A good surgeon is one who makes no mistakes.d. Failure is the mother of success.null This all sounds conceited and I guess it is — but a surgeon needs conceit. He needs it to encourage him in trying moments when he’s bothered by the doubts and uncertainties that are part of the practice of medicine. He has to feel that he’s as good as and probably better than any other surgeon in the world. Call it conceit — call it self-confidence; whatever it was,