国际音标表

国际音标表 国际音标表 搜集的知识 2009-02-13 10:38:55 阅读2671 评论6 字号：大中小 [i:] [E:] [E] [O:] [O] [u:]  [A:] [V] [Q] [e] [ai] [ei] [Oi] [iE][CE] [uE] [Eu] [au]   [t] [d] [k] [g] [f] [v] [s] [z] [T] [D] [S][Z] [tS] [dZ] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] [m] [n] [N] [h] [r] [l] [w] [j] 英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音 元音 12个单元音 长元音 [i:] [E:] [O:] [u:] [A:] 短元音  [E] [O]  [V] [Q] [e] 8个双元音: [ai] [ei] [Oi] [iE] [CE] [uE] [Eu] [au] 辅音10对 清辅音 [t] [k] [f] [s] [T] [S] [tS] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音  [d] [g] [v] [z] [D] [Z] [dZ] [dr] [dz] 3个鼻音 [m] [n] [N] 3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l] 2个半元音 [w] [j] 巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后。双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。 关于语音的几个概念: AHD表示美语发音,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language（简称AHD） KK 音标是一套用于标注美式发音的符号系统, 这是一套最常用的也是最权威的注音法，从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为KK音标。 DJ 是根据英国学者Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)中的标音而来. 英式读音根据的是English Pronouncing Dictionary 《英语正音辞典》。它们代表了被称为“Received Pronuciation”（RP）（标准读音）的读音，这在受过教育的英国人尤其是南部英格兰人中通用。 1888 年国际语音协会 (International Phonetic Association) 的语言学家便制定出一套可国际通用的语音符号叫国际音标符号 (IPA─International Phonetic Alphabet)，希望以一个符号代表一音，并避免各人使用一套自己的符号所产生的不便。音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音. 开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e 如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2) 辅音+元音 如:he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2) 元音+辅音 如: it is of in on up out ant A chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house. A mouse is in the cat’s mouth. A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea 1 元音: 1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling 2) 发音字母 i y e sit ture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [æ] 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [:] 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 9) [] 字母组合 al or au our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) [] 发音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch 11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude 12)   字母组合 oo ou u o look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) [ai] 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) [] 字母组合oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea 19) [] 字母组合ear air ere pear bear chair air fair there where care 20) [uε] 字母组合our ower hour tour flower shower 2 容易混淆的元音 [A] [e] bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said [i：] [ei] real rail greet great mean main read raid [e] [ai] bet bite red write said side head hide [aU] [R：] house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn [aU] [Q] found fond down done gown gone town ton [A][Q] fan fun tan tun san son tank tun     ​ 什么是音节 ​ 一、含有元音的音节和若干个辅音音素 1.只有一个元音音素( 音节核 peak ) eye our hour ah 2.含有一个元音音素和音节尾( 音节核 peak + 音节尾 coda ) am ought ease 3.含有一个元音音素、音节首和音节尾( 音节首 onset + 音节核 peak + 音节尾 coda ) run must fill ​ 二、含有成音节辅音的音节 辅音 + /l, m, n/ bottle people cotton bottom ​ 三、关于音节知识的选读 选读一 A syllable is part of a word that contains one vowel sound; it may also contain one or more consonant sounds. In general, the number of vowels in the word determines the number of syllables. 摘自：Pronouncing American English P18 选读二 In a word like "bottle", the weak syllable contains no vowel at all, but consists entirely of the consonants. We call this a syllabic consonant. 摘自：English Phonetics and Phonology: A Practical Course P75 ​ 音节有七种构成形式 ​ 一、开音节 以元音字母结尾的音节，如： hi he relation, celebrate complete, secret ​ 二、相对开音节 以辅音字母和一个不发音的 -e 结尾的音节，如： name scene kite coke cute ​ 三、闭音节 以辅音字母结尾的音节，如： map bag dull companion victory rubber umbrella ​ 四、元音字母组合 如：wait play bee beat believe field show sow shout suit ​ 五、-r音节 如：her, bar 等。 ​ 六、-re音节 如：fire, hare 等。 ​ 七、成音节辅音 l, m, n 的前面如果由一个其它的辅音音素，这个辅音音素可以同 l, m, n 构成音节。这时 l, m, n 叫作成音节辅音。 如： bottle, bottom, button 等。 补充说明：在国外的语音 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 籍里，像bottle属于成音节辅音；而像bottom, button等不属于成音节辅音，因为它们的第二个音节里含有元音音素。 ​ 怎样划分音节 ​ 一、开音节从元音字母的后面分开