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2019-2020年高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练(10)

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2019-2020年高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练(10)PAGE/NUMPAGES2019-2020年高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练(10)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项。“America’sNo.1HealthProblem.”SoreadstheheadlineofanarticlepublishedbytheAmericanInstituteofStressthatclaimsthebiggestthreattohealthtodayisneithercancernorAIDS.Thereportsays:“Ithasb...

2019-2020年高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练(10)
PAGE/NUMPAGES2019-2020年高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练(10)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项。“America’sNo.1HealthProblem.”SoreadstheheadlineofanarticlepublishedbytheAmericanInstituteofStressthatclaimsthebiggestthreattohealthtodayisneithercancernorAIDS.Thereportsays:“Ithasbeenestimated(估计)that75to90percentofallvisitstoprimarycarephysiciansareforstressrelatedproblems.”Itisnoexaggeration(夸张)tosaythatpeopletodayarebeingattackedbystress.AccordingtotheNationalConsumersLeague,“Workisthetopsourceofstressforadultswhohaveproblemsandstressintheirlives(39%),followedbyfamily(30%).Othersourcesincludehealth(10%),concernabouttheeconomy(9%)andconcernaboutinternationalconflictandterrorism(4%).”However,stressishardlyuniquetotheUnitedStates.ABritishsurveyinxxestimatedthat“overhalfamillionindividualsinBritainbelievedinxxthattheywereexperiencingwork-relatedstressatalevelthatwasmakingthemill.”Asaresultof“work-relatedstress,depressionoranxiety,”thereare“anestimatedthirteenandahalfmillionreportedlostworkingdaysperyearinBritain.”ThepictureisnolessbleakinmainlandEurope.AccordingtotheEuropeanAgencyforSafetyandHealthatWork,“work-relatedstresshasbeenshowntoaffectmillionsofEuropeanworkersacrossalltypesofemploymentsectors.”Onesurveyrevealedthatthereare“about41millionworkersaffectedbywork-relatedstresseachyear.”WhataboutAsia?AreportissuedbyaconferenceheldinTokyoconcluded:“Jobstressisamonconcernamongmanycountriesintheworld,bothdevelopingandindustrializedcountries.”Thereportobservedthat“severalcountriesinEastAsia,includingChinaandKorea,haverapidlyindustrializedandeconomicallygrown.Thesecountriesnowhavealotofconcernsonjobstressanditsharmfuleffectsonworkers’health.”1.Theauthorquoted“America’sNo.1HealthProblem.”(Para.1)inorderto______.A.talkabouthealthproblemsinAmericaB.introducethetopicofstressC.emphasizethestressinAmericaD.tellreaderssomethingaboutAmericanInstituteofStress 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 解析:答案为B。本题为推理题。本文的内容是为了揭示世界上人们的工作压力非常大,对健康造成了威胁,因此整理在开头使用“America’sNo.1HealthProblem”是为了引入压力的话题,故答案为B。2.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.A.bothcancerandAIDSarenotasseriousasthethreatofstresstohealthB.stressismainlyfromworkingandlivingpressureC.AmericansnevercareaboutinternationalconflictandterrorismD.peopleinmainlandEuropearemoreoptimisticthanEnglishpeople答案解析:答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第二段“Workisthetopsourceofstressforadultswhohaveproblemsandstressintheirlives(39%),followedbyfamily(30%).Othersourcesincludehealth(10%),concernabouttheeconomy(9%)andconcernaboutinternationalconflictandterrorism(4%).”可知,工作和家庭生活中的压力比重最大,故B选项正确,C选项错误。由第一段“America’sNo.1HealthProblem.”SoreadstheheadlineofanarticlepublishedbytheAmericanInstituteofStressthatclaimsthebiggestthreattohealthtodayisneithercancernorAIDS.”可知,癌症和艾滋病没有压力带给健康的威胁那么严重的情况是在美国,不具有普遍性,故A选项错误。第三段揭示了英国人的工作压力非常大,第四段的首句理解是关键“ThepictureisnolessbleakinmainlandEurope.”意为“欧洲大陆的情况依旧不容乐观”,故D选项错误。3.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat______.A.AsianpeoplearemorewillingtodeveloptheircountriesB.therapideconomicdevelopmentisthemainreasonforstressC.somepeopleinAsiancountrieshavehealthproblemsfromemploymentstressD.AsiancountrieshaveabettersituationofstressthanEurope答案解析:答案为C。本题为推理题。最后一段揭示了亚洲的压力情况,由该段的最后一句话“Thesecountriesnowhavealotofconcernsonjobstressanditsharmfuleffectsonworkers’health.”可知,一些亚洲国家的工作压力也影响了人们的健康,故C选项正确,B选项错误,经济发展不是压力的主要原因,压力来自工作。A、D选项未提,均不选。4.What’sthemainsubjectofthepassage?A.Stressattackinghealth.B.Howtodealwithstress.C.Asurveyonworkingstress.D.Healthproblemsaroundtheworld.答案解析:答案为A。本题考查文章的主题。全文揭示了在美国,欧洲,亚洲人们的工作压力对健康造成了威胁,故答案为A。阅读理解Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinalmostthesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesasformaltexts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualsituationofthetimeandthechild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimormakinghimsadthinking.Toprovethelatter,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentthatchildrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftensorryforcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Astofears,thereare,Ithink,somecasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarises(出现)fromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,two-headeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.donotexist;andthat,insteadofbeingfondofthestrangesideinfairytales,thechildshouldbetaughttolearntherealitybystudyinghistory.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustsaysopeculiar(奇怪的)thatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonastickorcoveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirbelovedgirl-friend.Nofairystoryeverdeclaredtobeadescriptionoftherealworldandnocleverchildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.1.Theauthorconsidersthatafairystoryismoreeffectivewhenitis______.A.repeatedwithoutanychange    B.treatedasajokeC.madesomechangesbytheparent  D.setinthepresent答案解析:答案为C。本题为细节推理题。由第一段的“Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentcanproducewhat,intheactualsituationofthetimeandthechild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.”可知,整理认为如果父母讲神话故事结合小孩所在的真实时间情况,而不仅仅是从故事书上读故事,效果更好。故答案为C,即父母如果对神话故事作一些变化,更有效。解答此题要注意同一意思的不同表达。2.Accordingtothepassage,greatfearcantakeplaceinachildwhenthestoryis_______.A.inarealisticsetting   B.heardforthefirsttimeC.repeatedtoooften   D.toldinadifferentway答案解析:答案为B。本题为细节题。由第二段“Astofears,thereare,Ithink,somecasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarisesfromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.”可知,整理认为如果故事只讲了一遍,小孩会产生恐惧感。故答案为B。3.Theadvantageclaimed(提出)forrepeatingfairystoriestoyoungchildrenisthatit_______.A.makesthemlessfearfulB.developstheirpowerofmemoryC.makesthembelievethereisnothingtobeafraidofD.encouragesthemnottohavestrangebeliefs答案解析:答案为A。本题为细节推理题。由第二段的最后一句话“Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.”可知,整理认为不断的重复故事可以让小孩变得熟悉(familiarity)故事,这样恐惧的痛苦(painoffear)就会变成恐惧的快乐(pleasureofafear),故答案为A。B,D在文章中未提及;C选项“让小孩相信没有什么可害怕的”意思与此不符,且此答案显得绝对。4.Theauthor’smentionofsticksandtelephonesismeanttosuggestthat______.A.fairystoriesarestillbeingmadeupB.thereissomemisunderstandingaboutfairytalesC.peopletrytomodernizeoldfairystoriesD.thereismoreconcernforchildren'sfearsnowadays答案解析:答案为B。本题为推断题。从第三段“…Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonastickorcoveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirbelovedgirl-friend.”和第四段“Nofairystoryeverdeclaredtobeadescriptionoftherealworldandnocleverchildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.”可知,整理的观点是神话故事不是对现实世界的描述,没有哪个聪明的小孩相信它们是真的。故答案为B,整理用sticksandtelephones来 证明 住所证明下载场所使用证明下载诊断证明下载住所证明下载爱问住所证明下载爱问 一些人对神话故事存在误解。5.Oneofthereasonswhysomepeoplearenotinfavoroffairytalesisthat_______.A.theyarefullofimaginationB.theyjustmakeupthestorieswhicharefarfromthetruthC.theyarenotinterestingD.theymaketeachersofhistorydifficulttoteach答案解析:答案为B。本题为细节题。从第三段的首句“Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,two-headeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.donotexist…”可知,也有人反对神话故事是因为它们不是客观真实的,故答案为B。解答此题同样要注意同义句的转换,“notinfavorof”与objectto同义;”notobjectivelytrue”与“farfromthetruth”同义。[来源:]【xx高考复习】完形填空EverySaturdaynightmyfamilyandIgooutandfeedthehomelesspeopleinthecityofOrlando.Wewantedtosee__16__itwaslikeinthelifeofahomelessperson.OnespecialthingIliketo__17__is,myfamilyandIdonoteat__18__webeginourjourneysoweknowhowitfeelstobehungry.Weallgettogetherinthe__19__andpreparethefood.Someofthemealsaresandwichesandcookiesandabottleofwater.Sometimesmymom__20__asteaminghotdeliciousmeal.Wethen__21__themalluptofeed30ormorepeople.BeforemyfamilyandIgetintothecarweaskGodfor__22__inafamilyprayer.Alotofpeople__23__homelesspeople.Notallhomelesspeoplearedrugaddictsorbadpeople.Somearereallynice;__24__ofthemjusthadbadthingshappeningtothem.__25__whenmyfamilyandIwentoutonthestreetwehadtoearntheirtrust,becausealotofpeopleare__26__tothemfornogoodreason.But__27__theyseeuseveryweekthey__28__us.We__29__knowsomeoftheirnames.Weallhavetorememberthatthesearepeoplewith__30__.Someofthemshakeourhandsforgivingthemfood.Someofthemdoreallyfunnydancesbecausetheyarehappy.Wehavebeereallyclose__31__amannamedTonyandhiswife.Theyhavealloftheirpersonal__32__inshoppingcarts.After__33__usseveraltimeshehastoldusalotabouthislife.HegraduatedfromHowardUniversity.He__34__teachFrenchandSpanish.Afterwefinishfeedingthehomeless,itmakesme__35__whatIhaveathome.Ilovefeedingthehomelessandmakingadifferenceinsomeone'slife.【语篇解读】整理每个星期六晚上都和家人到大街上去给无家可归的人送食物。通过帮助那些无家可归的人,整理更感激自己所拥有的东西。16.A.whatB.howC.whetherD.why答案 A [我们想看看无家可归的人的生活是什么样的。what引导宾语从句且在从句中作like的宾语。]17.A.talkB.imagineC.mentionD.remind答案 C [我想提的一件特殊的事是……mention表示“说起,提到”。]18.A.untilB.beforeC.whileD.after答案 B [为了体验饥饿的感觉,我和我的家人在动身之前不吃东西。]19.A.hallB.yardC.kitchenD.hotel答案 C [我们聚在厨房准备食物。其他三项不符合语境。]20.A.buysB.takesC.bringsD.prepares答案 D [有时,妈妈会准备一顿热腾腾的美味的饭。上文的“...preparethefood”是答案提示。]21.A.cookB.bagC.pressD.roast答案 B [然后,我们把这些食物都包起来,给三十多个人吃。bag用作动词,相当于pack,bag...up表示“把……装入袋中”。]22.A.protectionB.possessionC.allowanceD.expectation答案 A [我和家人上车之前,祷告得到上帝的保护。protection“保护”,符合语境。possession“占有”;allowance“津贴”;expectation“期待”。]23.A.hateB.misunderstandC.understandD.support答案 B [很多人误解那些无家可归的人。由下一句“Notallhomelesspeoplearedrugaddictsorbadpeople.”可知选B。]24.A.someB.theotherC.othersD.therest答案 A [他们当中有些人只是遇到了不幸的事。与上文的“Somearereallynice”形成了并列关系,表“一些”,故用some。]25.A.AtlastB.AtleastC.AtfirstD.Atonce答案 C [起初,当我和我的家人去街上,我们必须赢得他们的信任。]26.A.generousB.kindC.meanD.grateful答案 C [因为很多人无缘无故对他们很刻薄。mean表示“刻薄的”。]27.A.incaseB.nowthatC.forfearD.providedthat答案 B [由于他们每个星期都会看到我们,他们现在信任我们了。nowthat用作连词,表示“既然,由于”,引导原因状语从句。]28.A.relyonB.believeinC.talkwithD.worryabout答案 B [由上文的“wehadtoearntheirtrust”可知,整理和家人经过努力,赢得了他们的信任。]29.A.stillB.evenC.neverD.ever答案 B [我们甚至知道有些人的名字。even“甚至”,符合语境。]30.A.loveB.expressionC.feelingsD.money答案 C [这些无家可归的人是有感情的。由下文的“shakeourhands”和“doreallyfunnydancesbecausetheyarehappy”可知此处是说这些人是有感情的。]31.A.toB.byC.ofD.with答案 A [我们和一个名为托尼的人和他的妻子关系很近。closetosb意为“与某人关系密切”。]32.A.belongingsB.clothesC.groceriesD.goods答案 A [购物车上装着他们所有的财物。belongings意为“财产,所有物”,符合语境。]33.A.runningintoB.ingacrossC.meetingD.finding答案 C [与我们见过几次面之后,他给我讲了很多关于他的生活的事情。]34.A.wouldB.usedtoC.neededD.oughtto答案 B [他过去曾经教过法语和西班牙语。usedto表示“曾经”。]35.A.dislikeB.ownC.recognizeD.appreciate答案 D [帮助这些无家可归的人使我感激自己所拥有的东西。appreciate表示“感激,感谢”,符合语境。]
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